RESEARCH AND INNOVATION : PANACEA TO AFRICA`S ECONOMIC - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

RESEARCH AND INNOVATION : PANACEA TO AFRICA`S ECONOMIC UNDERDEVELOPMENT by Professor Julius A. Okojie, OON, FAAS, FASN,D.SC Former Executive Secretary National Universities Commission BEING TEXT OF THE 12 TH CONVOCATION LECTURE AT THE CONVENAT UNIVERSITY, OTA, OGUN STATE THURSDAY 20 th JULY, 2017 1

MAP OF AFRICA 2

KWAME NKRUMAH 3

KENNNETH KAUNDA 4

JULIUS NYERERE 5

PATRICE LUMUMBA 6

AFRICA`S TEN LARGEST COUNTRIES BY POPULATION S/N COUNTRY POPULATION(Million) Migrants (Net) LAND AREA (Km 2 ) 1 Nigeria 191.84 910,902 -60,000 2 Ethiopia 104.34 1,000,430 -12,000 3 Egypt 95.22 999.933 -43,136 4 DR Congo 82.24 2,265,639 -19,184 5 Tanzania 56.88 885,943 -40,000 6 South Africa 55.44 1,213,049 120,000 7 Kenya 48.47 568,861 -10,000 8 Sudan 42.65 199,774 -30,000 9 Uganda 41.65 199,774 -30,000 10 Algeria 41.06 2,387,428 -28,000 7

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI)  Composite statistics of life expectancy ; Education: Mean years of Schooling, and income per capita 8

Trends in Human Development Index (HDI) in Selected Countries (2010 – 2014) HD I Rank Country 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 (188 countries) Very High Human Development 1 Norway 0.940 0.941 0.942 0.942 0.944 2 Australia 0.927 0.930 0.932 0.933 0.935 8 United States 0.909 0.911 0.912 0.913 0.915 14 United Kingdom 0.906 0.901 0.901 0.902 0.907 39 Saudi Arabia 0.805 0.816 0.826 0.836 0.837 High Human Development 50 Russian 0.783 0.790 0.795 0.797 0.798 Federation 57 Barbados 0.780 0.786 0.793 0.785 0.785 62 Malaysia 0.769 0.772 0.774 0.777 0.779 83 Algeria 0.725 0.730 0.732 0.734 0.736 96 Tunisia 0.714 0.715 0.719 0.720 0.721 Medium Human Development 106 Botswana 0.681 0.688 0.691 0.696 0.698 108 Egypt 0.681 0.682 0.688 0.689 0.690 116 South Africa 0.643 0.651 0.659 0.663 0.666 130 India 0.586 0.597 0.600 0.604 0.609 140 Ghana 0.554 0.566 0.572 0.577 0.579 Low Human Development 145 Kenya 0.529 0.535 0.539 0.544 0.548 147 Pakistan 0.522 0.527 0.532 0.536 0.538 152 Nigeria 0.493 0.499 0.505 0.510 0.514 163 Haiti 0.471 0.475 0.479 0.481 0.483 9 186 Eritrea 0.381 0.386 0.390 0.390 0.391 188 Niger 0.326 0.333 0342 0.345 0.348 �

GLOBAL COMPETITIVE INDEX ❖ Initiative of World Economic Forum ❖ The GCI is a set of institutions, policies and factors that determine the level of productivity of a country, condition of public institutions and technical conditions ❖ 12 Pillars of Competitiveness 10

12 PILLARS OF COMPETITIVENESS Basic Efficiency Enhancers Innovation and Requirements Sophistication Factors 1. Institutions Higher Education and Business Sophistication Training Research and 2. Infrastructure Goods Market Efficiency Development Innovation 3. Macro-Economic Labour Market Efficiency Environment 4. Health and Primary Financial Market Education Development Technological Readiness 5. 11 6. Market size 11

GCI 2015 Ranking COUNTRY SWITZERL SINGAPO NORWAY CHILE MAURITI SOUTH BRAZIL NIGERIA AND RE US AFRICA Population 8.0 5.4 5.1 17.6 1.3 53.0 202.8 169.3 (Million) GDP ($Billion) 650.8 295.7 511.3 277 11.9 350.8 235.30 286.5 GDP Per 81,323.96 56.775 100,318.32 15,775 9,159.68 6,620.72 11,604 1,692.26 Capita ($) Health and 6.5 6.7 6.5 5.6 6.1 4.0 5.1 3.0s Primary Education (Of 7) Higher 6.0 6.2 5.8 5.0 4.6 4.0 3.8 2.9 Education and Training (Of 7) Labour Market 5.8 5.7 5.1 4.3 4.3 3.8 3.7 4.5 Efficiency (Of 7) GCI Overall 5.76 5.68 5.4 4.58 4.43 4.4 4.1 3.4 12 Score GCI Position 56 th 1st 2nd 11th 35th 46th 75th 124th

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Number of Public and Private schools 16

WEBOMETRIC RANKING OF WORLD UNIVERSITIES 2012 AFRICA WORLD UNIVERSITY PRESENCE RANK IMPACT RANK OPENNESS RANK EXCELLENCE RANK 16 1335 University of Ibadan 3446 1302 1612 1715 24 1788 Convenant University, Ota 1662 1621 1943 2685 30 1986 Obafemi Awolowo University 1276 2542 2519 2534 54 2613 University of Lagos 2005 6118 2329 2521 56 2652 University of Nigeria 2986 5817 1424 2805 63 2840 University of Port Harcourt 611 5817 1529 3339 68 2914 University of Agriculture Abeokuta 2854 5429 2480 3125 70 2985 University of Ilorin 5467 6332 2110 2941 75 3049 Ahnadu Bello University 4180 8499 2557 2546 82 3214 Federal University of Technology Owerri 14969 2447 4016 3860 98 3507 Federal University of Technology Akure 4814 9897 3087 2894 17 99 3513 Federal University of Technology Minna 10700 7827 2915 3125

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RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND THEIR MANDATES AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE S/NO. Name Mandate 1. Nigerian Institute for Oil To conduct research into the production and ➢ Palm Research (NIFOR) products of oil palm and other palms of economic importance and transfer its research findings to farmers. 2. Forestry Research Institute Mandate to conduct research into all aspects of ➢ of Nigeria (FRIN) forestry and forest products utilization. Mandate extended to include research in wildlife, watershed management and agroforestry. 3. Cocoa Research Institute of Researches are focused on Cocoa, Kola, Cashew, ➢ Nigeria (CRIN) Coffee and Tea. Improvement of the genetic potential, agronomic ➢ 22 and husbandry practices, including processing and storage of the crops.

RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND THEIR MANDATES AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE S/NO. Name Mandate 4. National Agricultural The Institute is responsible for development, ➢ Extension and Research collation, evaluation and dissemination of proven Liaison Services (NAERLS) agricultural innovations and to research on extension methodologies and policy. in rural life and linkages. Research into maize, kenaf, jute, soil & water ➢ 5. Institute of Agricultural management: and Research and Training Total farming systems for the Ecological zones ➢ covered by Lagos, Ogun, Oyo, Osun, Ondo, Ekiti, (IAR&T), Ibadan Edo and Delta States 6. Rubber Research Institute Research into the genetic improvement, ➢ of Nigeria (RRIN), Benin production and processing of rubber and other City latex producing plants. 23

RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND THEIR MANDATES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY S/NO. Name ss 1. National Institute for Chemical Mandate to develop the technologies required by ➢ Technology (NARICT) the Chemicals industry. Research into the conversion of agricultural, ➢ mineral and other raw materials into chemicals. 2. National Centre for Technology Mandate as a training Centre for the development ➢ Management (NACETEM) of middle to high level manpower in science, technology and innovation management to all tiers of government and the private sector. 3. Institute of Agricultural Research and The Institute conducts research on various cereals ➢ Training (IART) and legumes e.g. maize, jutes, Keraf and sisal hemp, soil and fertilizer use. 4. Institute of Agricultural Research and Has the mandate of researching into the genetic ➢ 24 Extension Services (IAR) improvement of sorghum, cowpea, cotton, groundnut and sunflow.

RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND THEIR MANDATES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY S/NO. Name Mandate 5. National Agricultural Extension Key mandate of the institution are: ➢ Research and Liaison Services Planning and coordination of agricultural extension. Promotion of dissemination of agricultural ➢ research results and technologies. 6. National Animal Production Has a broad mandate of conducting applied ➢ Research Institute (NAPRI) research on food animal species as well as forage and to develop appropriate technologies in breeding and reproduction. 7. National Horticultural Research Conducts research into fruits, vegetables, ➢ 25 Institute (NIHORT) their processing, preservation and development of indigenous ornamentals.

RESEARCH INSTITUTES AND THEIR MANDATES MEDICAL RESEARCH INTITUTES S/NO. Name Mandate 1. Nigerian Institute of Medical Research To conduct research into communicable ➢ (NIMR) diseases of public health importance in the country, non- communicable diseases prevalent in the country. 2. Institute of Child Health (ICH) Conducts research in collaboration with many ➢ local and international institutions on child health related enquiries. 3. The National Institute for Pharmaceutical Mandated to carry out research and ➢ Research and Development (NIPRD) development of drugs and pharmaceutical substances from locally available natural 26 resources;

RESEARCH CONT’D  Universities and research institutes have always had collaborative research (symbiotic);  It has also encouraged the share of resources, staff and materials;  There is always a free flow of staff from institutes to universities and vice versa. 27

INNOVATION “...the process of making changes to something established by introducing something new.” “…radical or incremental changes to products, processes or services.” 28