Regulatory and Institutional frameworks for Smart Governance in Dam Safety Dr. Adrián Morales Torres Chief Technical Officer adrian.morales@ipresas.com Workshop about Water Adrián Morales Torres Security in Bulgaria Sofia, 19 th September, 2017 www.ipresas.com
REGULATORY AND INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN DAM SAFETY 2
IMPORTANCE OF DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Survey for evaluation of Dam Safety Regulatory Framework : 60% 50% 2016 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Very low Low Medium High Very high Source: Comparative Analysis of Dam Safety Case Studies in Latin American. World Bank (In Process). 3
IMPORTANCE OF DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Survey about main Weak Points in Dam Safety Management: Regulatory Framework Transboundary Watersheds Coordination Technical Capacity Building in Dam Risk Management 2016 Communication, Training and Education Programs Flood Risk Mapping Emergency Management Flood Warning Systems Rainfall Forecasting Systems Monitoring and Surveillance Design Standards and Safety Reviews 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% Source: Comparative Analysis of Dam Safety Case Studies in Latin American. World Bank (In Process). 4
DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN EUROPEAN UNION Currently, there is not a specific UE Directive about Dam Safety Management but … DIRECTIVE 2008/114/EC — DIRECTIVE 2007/60/EC ON THE IDENTIFICATION AND DESIGNATION OF ASSESSMENT AND EUROPEAN CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURES MANAGEMENT OF FLOOD RISKS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE NEED TO IMPROVE THEIR PROTECTION DAM SAFETY MANAGEMENT 5
DAM SAFETY REGULATORY FRAMEWORK IN EUROPEAN UNION 2016 • DAMS AND HEALTH 1 • DAMS AND ENERGY 2 • DAMS AND CLIMATE 3 • DAMS AND ENVIRONMENT 4 • DAMS AND SUSTAINABLE SOCIETIES 5 • OUTCOME: A CALL FOR A SMARTER GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK 6 Source: EurCOLD Website: http://cnpgb.apambiente.pt/IcoldClub/index.htm 6
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE MODERN DAM SAFETY PROGRAM/STANDARDS INPECTION AND MONITORING OPERATIONAL RULES (what, why, how, who and when) (Normal conditions, abnormal, extreme) OPERATION & MAINTENANCE HYDROMECHANICAL ASSETS (water supply, energy, environmental (design, operation, maintenance) restrains, maintenance activities) STRUCTURAL SAFETY EMERGENCY ACTION PLANS (safety factor, stresses, (Identification, triggering factors, civil strains, aging, uplift) protection, warnings, communications, coordination, policies, processes, EARTHQUAKES procedures) (DBE, OBE) REPORT (performing, analysis) FLOODS (water levels, freeboards, waves) Integration? DAM’S TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION 7
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE RISK-INFORMED DECISION MAKING Loads System response Consequences FLOODS INPECTION STRUCTURAL SAFETY (water levels, AND (safety factor, stresses, freeboards, waves) MONITORING strains, aging, uplift) (what, why, how, EMERGENCY who and when) EARTHQUAKES ACTION PLANS (DBE, OBE) (Identification, triggering factors, HYDROMECHANICAL civil protection, warnings, ASSETS communications, (design, operation, coordination, maintenance) policies, processes, procedures) OPERATION & MAINTENANCE OPERATIONAL RULES (water supply, energy, (Normal conditions, environmental restrains, abnormal, extreme) maintenance activities) REPORT (performing, analysis) DAM’S TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION 8
RISK-INFORMED DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE ACTIONS RISK PRIORITIZATION = PROBABILITY OF FAILURE X DAM SAFETY CONSEQUENCES GOVERNANCE 9
RISK-INFORMED DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE 10
LESSONS FROM REAL IMPLEMENTATION USA 2016- Spain 2008- Argentina 2017- Source: www.ipresas.com 11
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN • 600 mm of average yearly precipitation • 2200 mm/year in Santiago • 120 mm/year in Cabo de Gata • Over 1200 large dams in LEGEND (hm 3 ) Spain (9th in the world): • Public and private dam owners (responsible of Dam Safety). Source: MAGRAMA (Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Environment) 12
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN Ribadelago dam break in 1959 [144 fatalities] 1967 Dam design and construction regulation Tous dam break in 1982 [10 fatalities] 1996 Dam safety Technical regulation 13
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN Available at: http://www.spancold.es/paginas/lista_publicaciones.asp?Categoria=GuiasTecnicas 14
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN SPAIN 15
CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY 27 dams and 95 proposed measures: 16
CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY 17
CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY Source: Liana Ardiles, Daniel Sanz, Pedro Moreno, Esther Jenaro, Jürgen Fleitz and Ignacio Escuder at 6TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DAM ENGINEERING (2011) 18
CASE STUDY: DUERO RIVER AUTHORITY 27 dams and 95 proposed measures: Portfolio societal risk (lives/year) 0.3 lives/year After implementing the first 5 risk reduction measures (Optimal sequence) No risk reduction after implementing measure nr. 37 ≈28M€ ≈18M€ ≈3M€ Implementation cost (M€) 19
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN ARGENTINA Dam Safety Regulator Organism in Argentina • Regulates safety of main hydropower dams in the country (32 dams). • Advisory body for other dams. PILOT CASE ON QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE RISK ANALYSIS OBJETIVES • Capacity-building in risk-informed dam safety management. • Prioritization of investments informed by risk results. • Strategic action plan to apply risk-informed decision making in other dams in the country. • Support to promote the development of a Dam Safety Law in Argentina. 20
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN ARGENTINA 21
PILOT CASE: CERROS COLORADOS SYSTEM 22
FAILURE MODES IDENTIFICATION • 50 participants from different public and private entities related with safety in the system of dams. • 20 failure modes were identified. 23
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN USA • Public agency in charge of flood protection systems (including 700 dams with multiple purposes). • Self-regulated. Risk-informed Dam Safety Program Purpose: To protect life, property, lifelines, and the environment by ensuring that all dams are designed, constructed, regulated, operated, and maintained as safely and effectively as is reasonably practicable. 24
USACE DAM SAFETY PROGRAM Source: Safety of dams – Policy and Procedures (2014). 25
USACE DAM SAFETY PROGRAM Source: Safety of dams – Policy and Procedures (2014). 26
DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE IN USA 27
CONCLUSIONS: DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE Regulation and Institutional Framework are the basis for Modern Dam Safety Risk-Informed Program/Standards Dam Safety Management helps to identify gaps, reinforce and promote 28
CONCLUSIONS: DAM SAFETY GOVERNANCE KEYS FOR A SUCCESSFUL GOVERNANCE AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR DAM SAFETY PEOPLE RESPONSIBILITY RESOURCES INTEGRATION CONTINUOUS IMPROVE SUCCESS 29
Thank you for your attention Dr. Adrián Morales Torres Chief Technical Officer adrian.morales@ipresas.com Workshop about Water Adrián Morales Torres Security in Bulgaria Sofia, 19 th September, 2017 www.ipresas.com
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