Recent Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration at Peking University C. Lin, J. Q. Yu, W. J. Ma, Q. Liao, J. G. Zhu, H. Y. Lu, Y. Y. Zhao, H. Y. Wang, J. E. Chen and X. Q. Yan State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, CAPT, Peking University, Beijing, China, 100871 Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Outline 1. Introduction 2. Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration @ PKU 3. Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA )@ PKU 4. Summary Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Institute of Heavy Ion Physics AMS facility 2*6 MV tandem, AMS/material 4.5 MV electrostatic 1 MV RFQ 2*1.7MV tandem accelera rato tor p r physics In 2 n 2007, u upgra raded to to nuclea ear p phys ysics SKL o of Nuclear P Physics cs Found i d in 198 1983 and d Tech chnol olog ogy ion b beam p m physic ics me medic ical p physics a and ima magin ing Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest Linac Laser proton accelerator
Why laser-driven ion beams? The energy of conventional accelerator is close to saturation ！ Laser plasma accelerator has rapid development ！ 4.2 GeV e- by 9 cm Capillary in 2015 PRL 113, 245002 (2014) LBNL 93 MeV P+ by nm foil in 2016 Acceleration gradient is PHYSICS OF PLASMAS 23, 070701 (2016) three orders of magnitude higher 4
Compact laser plasma accelerator (CLAPA) 2015 2013 Funded by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China
HEDP Group HEDP group Prof. Xueqing Yan 2 academicians of CAS, 4 scientists (ion / electron / radiation / nuclear physics...) 2 engineers ( laser system / beamline) 2 post-docs 21 graduate students, 5 undergraduate students. Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Outline 1. Introduction 2. Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration @ PKU 3. Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA )@ PKU 4. Summary Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
The TNSA Acceleration Mechanism • Linear polarized laser irradiates on a micron-thickness target. • Have achieved 67 MeV protons or 500 MeV Carbon ions. large energy spread and low energy transfer rate ( ∼ 0.1%) • Nature 439, 441 (2006); Nature 439, 445 (2006); POP 18, 056710 (2011) . Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
The RPA Acceleration P hase S table A cceleration Laser light pressure ： Sailboat with 10 nm DLC foil~2 μ g/cm 2 : Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Phase Stable Acceleration ( ) Phase space (x~p x ) n = π = ζ d a e λ n cr t=18T L 0.16 p x 0.12 A B t=50T L 0.45 p x 0.08 0.40 1050 1060 0.35 A 100x/ λ 1860 1880 1900 L 100x/ λ L = π E 4 n d B 0 0 a 0 =5 D=0.1 λ n e /n c =100 = − − < < + E E 0 (1 ( x d )) / ,( l d x d l ) x 2 s s X.Q.Yan et al, PRL 100, 135003 (2008)
Self-organizing nc GeV proton by PSA (a) t=16 I~10^22W/cm2, CE>10% (b) t=36 t=40 T 60 (b) t=50 T t=54 T t=58 T (c) t=42 40 Arb.Unit ε r ~0.5 mm.mrad 20 0 0.0 0.4 0.8 1.2 γ -1 11 X.Q.Yan, …, J.MtV, et al., PRL, 103, 135001, (2009)
RPA Challenge (I): High Laser Intensity 1000 Maximum Proton Energy (MeV) 200 MeV proton beam I ~10^21W/cm^2 Contrast>10^10@ps 100 93 MeV@10^20W/cm^2 I.J.Kim et al., POP 23, 070701 (2016) 13 MeV@10^19W/cm^2 , Henig, et., PRL,103,245003 10 1E19 1E20 1E21 1E22 2 ) Laser intensity I (W/cm T.Tajima, D.Habs, and X.Q.Yan. Review of Accelerator Science and Technology , 2(201-228),2009.
RPA Challenge(II) : Contrast of 10 10 @ps It is very difficult to satisfy a contrast >10 10 @10ps,ns and an intensity of 10 20 W/cm 2 ！ m ain pulse pedestal A SE Tim e 1. Amplified Spontaneous Emission 2. Pedestal ： 100ps before the main pulse 3. Replica: a few ns
RPA Challenge (III): Instabilities F. Pegoraro et al., PRL X. Q. Yan et al., PRL 103, M.Chen et al., POP , 15, 99, 065002 (2007) 135001 (2009) 113103, 2008 Klimo et al., Phys. Rev. ST AB A P L Robinson et al., New J. Phys. 10 11, 031301 (2008) 013021 (2008) Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Challenge(IV): Short Rise Time is Required Step pulse with I>10^21W/cm2 for RPA! X. Q. Yan et al., PRL 103, 135001 (2009) Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Laser Shaping by a Plasma Lens Laser pulse propagating in near-critical plasma will synchronously experience Self-focusing, temporally steepen and prepulse clearing. a 0 =16.5 , n 0 =2.4n c Transverse longitudinal A. Pukhov et al., PRL 76 3975 (1996); H. Y. Wang et al., PRL 107, 265002 (2011) Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Universal of Plasma Lens l s / λ =(an c /n e ) 0.5 ∼ 2.6 Laser rise time Transmission rate f 0 =a max /a 0 H. Y. Wang et al., PRL 107, 265002 (2011) Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Plasma lens to generate high quality laser pulses Ultrathin solid target Plasma Lens
Laser ablated plasma lense Using a Using additional dditional ablation laser pulse ablation laser pulse to generate to generate pre pre-expanded plsma lense with exponential expanded plsma lense with exponential density density distribution. distribution. The l The laser direct aser direct accelerated electrons accelerated electrons play an play an important role. important role. Easy implementation Easy implementation 12 W/cm W/cm 2 , 200 To maintain To maintain the the laser laser in in self focusing self focusing state state I~10 I~10 12 , 200 ps ps laser electron S. Zhao et al., Physics of Plasmas 22, 073106 (2015). Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Ion acceleration with low contrast laser Quasi-monoenergetic ion beams observed in the experiment. Laser ： 2 J ， 8 um (FWHM) ， 80fs, I=2*10 18 W/cm 2 , 10^-6@ 5 ns DLA electron enhanced sheath field normal sheath field S. Zhao et al., CHIN. PHYS. LETT. Vol. 33, No. 3, 035202(2016) Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Carbon nanotubes as the Plasma lense J.H.Bin*, W.J.Ma * et. al. “Ion Acceleration Using Relativistic Pulse Shaping in Near-Critical-Density Plasmas”. Physical Review Letters 115, 064801 (2015).
Experiments were performed CoReLS PW Laser Laser Laser ： 10 J 10 J ， 4.5um (FWHM) 4.5um (FWHM) CP CP ： 4*10 4*10 20 W/cm W/cm 2 Target Target: Carbon : Carbon nanotub nanotube+ e+DLC LC Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
New energy record of fs laser driven ions 9 J/30 fs, 600MeV Carbon ions PKU Carbon cutoff energy (MeV) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 CNF thickness ( µ g/cm 2 ) 12 10 552_0ug C6 587_6ug C6 393_12ug C6 -1 11 10 sr) 344_24ug C6 dN/dE (MeV 382_36ug C6 10 10 9 10 8 10 By Yan ,Ma, Lin, Schreiber, Zepf, Kim &Nam et al., ready to submittion. 7 10 24 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Energy (MeV)
Ionization Dynamics is important • It may be accurate to model a pre- Ion type Threshold field (V/m) ionized system in proton acceleration H 1+ 3.19• 10 10 since hydrogen is easy to be ionized. C 4+ 1.8• 10 11 C 6+ 6.9• 10 12 O 6+ 2.1• 10 12 • For heavy ions, whose ionization threshold field is much higher than O 8+ 1.6• 10 13 hydrogen, ionization plays a critical role on plasma formation. Al 13+ 7.0• 10 13 Si 14+ 8.8• 10 13 E as = 5 . 1×10 ^ 11 V/m is the atomic field strength, U H = 13 . 6 eV is the hydrogen ionization potential, Ui is the reference ionization potential Z is the ion charge after ionization.
Mono-energetic ions produced in the normal TNSA experiment Mono-energetic ion bunches Including ionization in the simulation, we may reproduces the mono-energetic bunches! Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Micro-structured target via ionization dynamics Laser Intensity Duration/simul Spot Target Simulation box (W/cm 2 ) size( μm ) ation time(fs) 1 • 10 20 1.3J 35/300 4 20nm Copper 60• m*10• m Cu 23+ Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
Target parameters material density thickness width 40 µ m 3.57 g/cm 3 DLC 20 nm Laser parameters GIST 9.6J E (J) I (10 20 W/cm 2 ) 4.7
Outline 1. Introduction 2. Progress of Laser Ion Acceleration @ PKU 3. Compact Laser Plasma Accelerator (CLAPA )@ PKU 4. Summary Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
CLAPA at PEK Electron acceleration Neutron acceleration CLAPA Laser Energy: 5 J Ion acceleration Duration: < 25 fs Wavelength: 800 nm 10 10 :1 @ 100 ps Contrast : 10 9 :1 @ 20 ps 10 6 :1 @ 5 ps 30 Awake Meeting at The Wigner Research Centre for Physics, May 5, 2017, Budapest
200TW Laser System
Current situation
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