Rational Phosphorus Rational Phosphorus Management in Biosolids - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Rational Phosphorus Rational Phosphorus Management in Biosolids Management in Biosolids Recycling Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. 2004 Residuals and Biosolids Specialty Conference February 22-25, 2004 Salt Lake City, Utah H A Elli tt (1) R C B H.A. Elliott (1) , R.C. Brandt (1) , and G.A. O’Connor (2) dt (1) (2) d G A O’C Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. (1) The Pennsylvania State University (2) The University of Florida

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Eutrophication Eutrophication E t E t hi hi ti ti

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. P I nduced P-I nduced Eutrophication Eutrophication Material Matters, Inc.   P is the limiting factor in Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. i h li i i f i most freshwater systems most freshwater systems  ~ 70% of P in PA waters originates from agriculture Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. I mplications of I mplications of P-based Application P based Application  Greater land area requirements  Greater land area requirements Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.  Requirement for supplemental q pp N fertilizer  Export to less sensitive  Export to less sensitive watersheds Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. 47 states have adopted a P I ndex approach to address h t dd Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. the agricultural P the agricultural P issue issue Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. P I ndex Tool: P I ndex Tool:  Field-Scale  Risk-Based  Annual Rating Critical Area Critical Area Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. P Transport P Transport P Source P Source Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Most states have not explicitly Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. considered biosolids id d bi lid in development of in development of their P I ndices their P I ndices Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. New Jersey P I ndex None Low Med. High V. High Factors & Score weighting (0) (3) (5) (10) (20) Erosion Erosion 1-5 5 6 6-10 0 11-15 5 > 15 5 < 1 < 1 0 0 Ton/ A/ yr Ton/ A/ yr Ton/ A/ yr Ton/ A/ yr Ton/ A/ yr (1.5) Runoff V. Low 0 Neg. Med. High V. High or Low Class (1.0) Class (1.0) Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Distance to 100’ 50’ 20’ > 250’ to to to < 20’ Water Edge 0 250’ 99’ 49’ (0.5) ( ) STP (1.5) V. Low Low Med. V. High High 15 (< opt.) (< opt.) (< opt.) (> opt.) (see rule) (opt.) Application Application None I ncorp. p I ncorp. p I ncorp. p Surface Surface Applied Method < 7 days 7 days – > 3 months to to pasture or 20 to 3 months planting or > 3 months to (1.0) Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. planting to ……. …..… planting or … planting (see rule) ( (see rule) ) P I ndex Score = 35

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. New Jersey P I ndex New Jersey P I ndex “Score” I nterpretation 35 P I ndex P I ndex Management Score Score Designation Designation Guidance Guidance Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. < 30 Low N-based Limited to 1 5 x Limited to 1.5 x 30 to 50 Medium P Removal Limited to 1.0 x 51 to 100 High P Removal P Removal > 100 Very High No P Addition Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Pennsylvania P I ndex Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Current PA Model (March 2003) C rrent PA Model (March 2003) SOURCE FACTORS: TRANSPORT FACTORS: • Soil P Test Soil P Test • Soil Erosion • Soil Erosion • Fertilizer P Rate • Runoff Class • Fertilizer P Method • Subsurface Drainage • Subsurface Drainage Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. • Org-P Rate O g P Rate • Contributing Distance • Org-P Method • Watercourse Connectivity Watercourse Connectivity y • P Avail. Coefficient • P Avail Coefficient P Avail. Coefficient P Avail Coefficient SI TE VULNERABI LI TY RATI NG AND NUTRI ENT MGMT: • Low (N-based nutrient mgmt) Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. • Medium (N-based nutrient mgmt) • High (P-based nutrient mgmt) • Very High (No P allowed)

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. A Rational Biosolids P A Rational Biosolids P Mgmt Strategy Should….. 1. Consider soil test P interpretation based on environmental risk based on environmental risk Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. STP I nterpretation Based STP I nterpretation Based Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. on Environmental Risk on Environmental Risk E E i i t l Ri k t l Ri k Environmental threshold Environmental threshold (Soil P sorbing sites full) Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Agronomic optimum Change (STP optimum for crops) (STP optimum for crops) point Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Soil Test P (STP) Agronomic ~3-4 x agronomic optimum optimum

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. A Rational Biosolids P A Rational Biosolids P Mgmt Strategy Should….. 1. Consider soil test P interpretation based on environmental risk based on environmental risk Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. 2. Consider buffer zone practices that mitigate P export h i i Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc.

Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Buffer Zone Practices Buffer Zone Practices That Reduce P Loss That Reduce P Loss 6 5 L -1 ) 4 4 P (mg L Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Interpreted from Bingham et al., 1980 3 RTP 2 1 0.71 mgL-1 – Control (no waste applied) 0 Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. Material Matters, Inc. 0 0 1 1 2 2 3 3 Buffer:Waste Area Length Ratio