Rare cancers
What is the problem, and how big is it?
Rare (orphan) diseases NIH Office for Rare Diseases • Prevalence less than 5/10 000 in the community • In the US <200 000 cases Eurodis (European Organisation for Rare Diseases) • 5-8 000 distinct conditions • Affect 6-8% of the population Cancer • EUROCARE working group definition of ‘ very rare ’ diseases Annual crude incidence rates <2/100 000 for both sexes combined (Gatta et al 2006 Lancet Oncology 7:132) • Rare = <6/100,000 • Less common = 6-12/100,000 • >186 cancer types
Collective Impact of Rare Cancers on the Community New cases Deaths Per cent Per cent Cancer site/type (ICD-10 codes) Number of total Rate(b) Risk(c) Number of total Rate(b) PYLL(d) Males Prostate (C61) 15,759 28.7 163.4 1 in 5 2,792 12.9 33.0 20,560 Colorectal (C18 – C20) 7,160 13.0 75.1 1 in 10 2,196 10.1 23.8 30,770 Lung, bronchus & trachea (C33 – C34) 5,826 10.6 61.6 1 in 11 4,733 21.8 50.8 64,090 Melanoma of skin (C43) 5,503 10.0 56.6 1 in 15 815 3.8 8.7 14,868 Lymphoma (C81 – C85, C96) 2,352 4.3 24.3 1 in 33 803 3.7 8.8 12,260 Unknown primary site (C26, C39, C76 – C80) 1,700 3.1 18.5 1 in 40 1,781 8.2 19.7 23,385 Bladder (C67) 1,642 3.0 17.9 1 in 39 589 2.7 6.8 5,308 Leukaemia (C91 – C95) 1,578 2.9 16.8 1 in 47 833 3.8 9.3 12,148 Kidney (C64) 1,395 2.5 14.2 1 in 55 497 2.3 5.3 7,670 Stomach (C16) 1,275 2.3 13.6 1 in 52 720 3.3 7.9 9,818 Other 10,680 19 111 NA 5,911 27 64 94,205 All cancers (C00 – C97(a), D45 – D47(e)) 54,870 100.0 573.4 1 in 2 21,670 100.0 237.5 295,080 Females Breast (C50) 12,126 27.9 112.8 1 in 9 2,664 15.8 23.8 48,910 Colorectal (C18 – C20) 5,817 13.4 51.5 1 in 14 1,872 11.1 16.0 21,798 Melanoma of skin (C43) 4,219 9.7 39.4 1 in 24 385 2.3 3.4 6,790 Lung, bronchus & trachea (C33 – C34) 3,270 7.5 29.3 1 in 24 2,526 15.0 22.3 34,770 Lymphoma (C81 – C85, C96) 1,920 4.4 17.5 1 in 46 736 4.4 6.3 8,725 Uterus, body (C54) 1,718 4.0 15.8 1 in 52 202 1.2 1.8 2,510 Unknown primary site (C26, C39, C76 – C80) 1,592 3.7 13.6 1 in 54 1,741 10.4 14.5 17,635 Ovary (C56) 1,246 2.9 11.4 1 in 73 851 5.1 7.6 13,083 Thyroid (C73) 1,128 2.6 10.9 1 in 103 51 0.3 0.4 555 Leukaemia (C91 – C95) 1,087 2.5 9.8 1 in 83 612 3.6 5.2 8,350 Other 9,343 21 83 NA 5,179 31 44 66,358 All cancers (C00 – C97(a), D45 – D47(e)) 43,466 100.0 395.4 1 in 3 16,819 100.0 145.8 229,483 20,023: 20.4% 11,090: 28.8% 160,563: 30.6% Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
Collective Impact of Rare Cancers on the Community New cases Deaths Per cent of Per cent of Cancer site/type (ICD-10 codes) Number total Rate(b) Risk(c) Number total Rate(b) PYLL(d) Males Prostate (C61) 15,759 28.7 163.4 1 in 5 2,792 12.9 33.0 20,560 Colorectal (C18 – C20) 7,160 13.0 75.1 1 in 10 2,196 10.1 23.8 30,770 Lung, bronchus & trachea (C33 – C34) 5,826 10.6 61.6 1 in 11 4,733 21.8 50.8 64,090 Melanoma of skin (C43) 5,503 10.0 56.6 1 in 15 815 3.8 8.7 14,868 Lymphoma (C81 – C85, C96) 2,352 4.3 24.3 1 in 33 803 3.7 8.8 12,260 Unknown primary site (C26, C39, C76 – C80) 1,700 3.1 18.5 1 in 40 1,781 8.2 19.7 23,385 1:100,000 = 2,224 Australian deaths each year Bladder (C67) 1,642 3.0 17.9 1 in 39 589 2.7 6.8 5,308 Leukaemia (C91 – C95) 1,578 2.9 16.8 1 in 47 833 3.8 9.3 12,148 Kidney (C64) 1,395 2.5 14.2 1 in 55 497 2.3 5.3 7,670 Stomach (C16) 1,275 2.3 13.6 1 in 52 720 3.3 7.9 9,818 Other 10,680 19 111 NA 5,911 27 64 94,205 All cancers (C00 – C97(a), D45 – D47(e)) 54,870 100.0 573.4 1 in 2 21,670 100.0 237.5 295,080 6/100,000 = 14,000 deaths Females Breast (C50) 12,126 27.9 112.8 1 in 9 2,664 15.8 23.8 48,910 Colorectal (C18 – C20) 5,817 13.4 51.5 1 in 14 1,872 11.1 16.0 21,798 Melanoma of skin (C43) 4,219 9.7 39.4 1 in 24 385 2.3 3.4 6,790 Lung, bronchus & trachea (C33 – C34) 3,270 7.5 29.3 1 in 24 2,526 15.0 22.3 34,770 Lymphoma (C81 – C85, C96) 1,920 4.4 17.5 1 in 46 736 4.4 6.3 8,725 Uterus, body (C54) 1,718 4.0 15.8 1 in 52 202 1.2 1.8 2,510 Unknown primary site (C26, C39, C76 – C80) 1,592 3.7 13.6 1 in 54 1,741 10.4 14.5 17,635 Ovary (C56) 1,246 2.9 11.4 1 in 73 851 5.1 7.6 13,083 Thyroid (C73) 1,128 2.6 10.9 1 in 103 51 0.3 0.4 555 Leukaemia (C91 – C95) 1,087 2.5 9.8 1 in 83 612 3.6 5.2 8,350 Other 9,343 21 83 NA 5,179 31 44 66,358 All cancers (C00 – C97(a), D45 – D47(e)) 43,466 100.0 395.4 1 in 3 16,819 100.0 145.8 229,483 Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
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