Quantum Science Working Group James Amundson (presenter), Roni Harnik (co-conspirator) All Scientist Retreat April 26, 2018
The Future of Quantum Computing The prospects for Quantum Computing in 2026: 2 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
The Future of Quantum Computing ??? 3 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Quantum Science Working Group This working group is not like the others • Quantum Information Science (QIS) efforts are relatively new in HEP and at the Lab – “new” can mean the past few years or the past few months • QIS is a young and rapidly changing field • Many groups at the lab recently submitted proposals to the first explicit QIS for HEP funding opportunity – Short time between announcement and deadline lead to intensive work during the working group period – I will summarize list the proposals here • including a few highlights 4 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Why the Excitement? (In One Slide) • Classical: storable information scales linearly in the number of bits • Quantum: storable information scales exponentially in the number of qubits • There are known quantum algorithms with exponential speedup – Early example: factoring large numbers • Taken from LA-UR-97-4986 “Cryptography, Quantum Computation and Trapped Ions, Richard J. Hughes (1997) 5 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Recent Funding Announcement Quantum Information Science Enabled Discovery (QuantISED) For High Energy Physics Topic A: High Energy Physics and QIS Research – (i) Theoretical, Computational, and/or experimental research exploiting recent convergence of developments in quantum gravity, computational complexity , AdS/CFT holographic correspondence, quantum information theory, emergence of space-time, quantum error correction, black hole physics, scrambling, and qubit system thermalization; – (ii) Foundational field theory techniques, gauge symmetries, and tensor networks invoking quantum information and entanglement concepts that advance knowledge including description of scattering, bound state problems, and advanced gauge theories; – (iii) Analog simulations/quantum emulators/teleportation experiments that advance HEP and QIS, including tests of fundamental string theory and other particle physics models in qubit systems; – (iv) Novel experiments probing HEP science drivers using QIS technology and tools exploiting superposition, entanglement, and/or squeezing with goals for near term science goals and/or steps to scientific discovery – (v) HEP relevant instrumentation, data transfer and quantum communication tools using QIS concepts and QIS technology exploiting superposition, entanglement, and/or squeezing that produce new experimental methods for HEP; – (vi) Foundational and/or technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics 6 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Recent Funding Announcement, continued • Topic B : Quantum Computing for HEP on current or future quantum computing systems – (i) Quantum field theory algorithms and simulations including quantum chromodynamics and electrodynamics, accelerator modeling codes, and computational cosmology relevant to HEP science drivers and P5 projects and experiments; – (ii) Quantum machine learning and data analysis techniques and tools that can enhance efficiency or analysis methods for HEP applications. Applications using available annealer platforms are within scope and so are use of quantum computers simulated classically; – (iii) Developing quantum computing simulators and/or frameworks for HEP applications to be developed on existing computers or hybrid systems. 7 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Proposed Fermilab QIS Work • Includes Fermilab-led proposals as well as proposals in which Fermilab is participating, but not leading. 8 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Ultra-High Q Superconducting Accelerator Cavities for Orders of Magnitude Improvement in Qubit Coherence Times and Dark Sector Searches • Topic A (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research (Foundational and/or technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics) • Lead Principal Investigator : Dr. Alexander Romanenko – Other Senior Personnel : Dr. Anna Grassellino, Dr. Roni Harnik, Dr. Mohamed Hassan • Participating institution #1 : University of Wisconsin, Madison – Co-Principal Investigator : Prof. Robert McDermott • Participating institution #2 : National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) – Co-Principal Investigator : Dr. David Pappas 9 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
̶ SRF resonators SRF technology to enable high coherence qubits Higher quality factor 𝑅 " • enables longer coherence time 𝑅 " < 10 & currently with 3D • architecture of qubits SRF technology capable to • provide 𝑹 𝟏 > 𝟐𝟏 𝟐𝟐 Qubit lifetime 3D qubits with x1000 > 1 s 1 - 1000 μs 1 - 100 ns longer coherence SRF technology promises • longer coherence time quantum computers Cooper-pair box Transmon 3D architecture SRF technology Y. Nakamura et al. , Nature (1999) H. Paik et al. , Phys. Rev. Lett. (2011) 10 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Novel Cold Instrumentation Electronics for Quantum Information Systems • Topic A (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research (Foundational and/or technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics). • Lead Principal Investigator: Dr. Davide Braga • Senior Investigator: Dr. Gregory Deptuch • Key Personnel: Dr. Sandeep Miryala, Dr. Pamela Klabbers, Dr. Matthew Hollister • Participating Institution: Georgia Institute of Technology – Co-Principal Investigator: Prof. John D. Cressler – Senior Investigator: Prof. Dragomir Davidovic 11 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Matter-wave Atomic Gradiometer Interferometric Sensor (MAGIS-100) • Topic A (iv) and (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research. • Lead PI: Robert Plunkett – Other Senior Personnel: Phil Adamson, Steve Geer, Roni Harnik • Participating Institution: Stanford – Co-PI: Jason Hogan – Other Senior Personnel: Peter Graham, Mark Kasevich • Participating Institution: Northern Illinois University – Co-PI: Swapan Chattopadhyay • Participating Institution: University of California at Berkeley – Co-Pi: Surjeet Rajendran • Additional Senior Co-Investigators: Jonathon Coleman (Univ. of Liverpool, UK) • Critical supporting scientific and technical personnel: – Steve Hahn (FNAL), Jeremiah Mitchell (NIU), Linda Valerio (FNAL), Arvydas Vasonis (FNAL) 12 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Matter wave interferometry at large scales MAGIS-100 Sensor concept Atoms in free fall Atom Source 1 Probed using meters common laser 50 meters pulses 100 Atom Source 2 Quantum meters superposition Model of top of 50 existing shaft, Atom Source Matter wave 3 showing laser interference pattern Laser pulse (red) readout emplacement. A large macroscopic quantum instrument Atom matter waves in superposition separated by up to 10 meters, durations up to 9 seconds CAD model of detector in 100-meter MINOS shaft ) Free-falling ultra-cold atoms in MINOS Shaft, in shielded beam pipe. 13 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Light Pulse Atom Interferometry Increase acceleration sensitivity: Long duration Large wavepacket separation 10 meter scale atomic fountain 14 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
Skipper-CCD: new single photon sensor for quantum imaging • Topic A (vi): High Energy Physics and QIS Research (Foundational and/or technological advances in QIS by incorporation of techniques, tools, and physical principles from particle physics) • Lead PI : Juan Estrada (Fermilab) • Co-PI : Steve Holland (LBL) • Senior/Key Personnel : Cristian Pena (Fermilab), Roni Harnik (Fermilab), Javier Tiffenberg (Fermilab), Neil Sinclair (Caltech), Si Xie (Caltech), Carlos Escobar (Fermilab) 15 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
skipper-CCD for entangled photons quantum imaging produced with non-linear crystal and imaged with CCDs. [sub-shot noise imaging] skipper-CCD developed by FNAL+LBNL state-of-the-art can count whatever number you like… sensors can not count more than 1 photon (EMCCD) 16 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
B) investigate the possibility of entangled dark A) demonstrate photon production experiment (Roni’s idea) existing skipper in quantum imaging C) optimize skipper-CCD for quantum imaging experiments (lower dynamic range and higher done a few years ago with DECam CCDs (D. Kubik) and by readout speed). S.Holland from LBNL C. Escobar with single pixels. 17 4/26/18 Amundson | Quantum Science Working Group
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