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TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Interactive models for networked organizations and virtual enterprises John Krogstie Professor, IDI, NTNU Senior Researcher, SINTEF ICT 1 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems,

  1. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Interactive models for networked organizations and virtual enterprises John Krogstie Professor, IDI, NTNU Senior Researcher, SINTEF ICT 1 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Overview of lectures this week � Interactive models for enterprise modeling – EEML (Monday) � Dynamic networked organizations / Virtual Enterprises � Presentation of an overall infrastructure for supporting networked organizations � Experiences and results � Based on A2: Interactive models for Supporting Networked � Organizations (some overlap with A1) A3: Interactive Models for Virtual Enterprises � A4: Moran, T., Cozzi, A. and Farrell, S.P. Unified activity � management EEML Notation Guide � Q 2 1 1

  2. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Unified Activity Management (A4) � Lot of focus on automation � Little support of knowledge work done manually or semi-automatically supported by tools � UAM – support of informal, collaborative business activities that does not inhibit its informal and locally adaptive nature. � Need shared representation of activity (a.k.a. task) Q 3 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Q 4 2 2

  3. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Q 5 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Main objectives of UAM � Organize work around activities (not tools/artifacts) � To guide an\nd coordinaye work, but not constraining it too much � Single place to manage many activities � To capture, reuse and evolve best practice � Integrate workflow and informal activitis Q 6 3 3

  4. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 What activities have you been involved in which included short-term collaboration with others? � Example of activities � Use of technology � Problems encountered Q 7 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Some trends � eBusiness (B2B) � Trade, standards → knowledge based cooperation � Enterprise modeling � Also for use � Ontologies � Static → Dynamic � Workflow � Static and adaptive → Emergent and interactive Q 8 4 4

  5. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Virtual Enterprises/ Networked Organization � Virtual Enterprise (VE): ’ A customer solution delivery system created by a temporary ICT enabled integration of core competencies’ � Other terms: � (dynamic) networked organizations � Virtual organizations � Extended enterprise � Business eco-systems � …. Q 9 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Examples of types of networks � Star (one powerful core partner, many suppliers) � (Dynamic) Supply-chain � (Project)-consortia � Thematic interest network/community network Q 10 5 5

  6. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Challenges � Heterogenity � Need for flexibility � Complexity According to � Knowledge � Process � Infrastructure Q 11 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Problem space for VE Integration Knowledge Process Infrastructure Heterogeneity Communication , Process diversity , Interoperability across establishing a common negotiating different companies' software language across procedures between architectures companies and the partners disciplines Complexity Integrate capabilities , form Work management , Enterprise architectures , effective teams across planning and managing systems local cultures. coordinating complex portfolios; Avoiding and uncertain featuritis interdependencies (unmanageably among several complex systems) concurrent activities Flexibility Learning , partners must be Supporting both structured Customized and able to improve and ad-hoc work (with personalized support; practice based on evolving plans); Rapid formation of common experience Handling unforeseen VEs, allowing partners from the VE exceptions to join along the way Q 12 6 6

  7. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 EXTERNAL- Extended Enterprise Resources, Network Architectures and Learning D YNAMIC NETWORKED EXTERNAL supported establishing the ORGANISATION � A CTIVE K NOWLEDGE infrastructure for dynamic network co- Reflected by M ODEL operation between symbolic analysts Information Use of interactive models as dynamically Resources � Tools evolving enterprise model supporting Process Experience Organisation planning and work performance feedback Integration of a number of model Multiple shared views � Enterprise Model activators to make use of the model Extended Resources Approach is being further extended in � ATHENA (IP IST 6FP), MAPPER (STREP IST 6FP) and MONESA (Norwegian Research Council) E XTENDED E NTERPRISE Q 13 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Three layers of infrastructure � Layer 1, the information and communication technology (ICT) layer: – defining and describing the platform, software architectures, tools, software components, connectivity and communication. � Layer 2, the knowledge representation layer: - defining and describing constructs and mechanisms for modeling. � Layer 3, the work performance and management layer; - modeling and implementing customer solutions, generating work environments Q 14 7 7

  8. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Layer 1, the information and communication technology (ICT) layer XCHIPS METIS SimVision EXTERNAL EE Portal Cooperation Modelling Simulation Integrated user environment client client client in web browser http(s) XCHIPS METIS WORKWARE FrameSolutions Cooperation Enterprise Work management Work execution server model server and performance server server http(s) Shared Model Repository (SMR) server Q 15 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Execution environment supporting a full range of process types Socio-economic Market Hierarchy Project/Team relationship Low uncertainty High uncertainty Low goal congruence High goal congruence Coordination Electronic Workflow Groupware technologies Commerce Process Models Hardcoded Predefined Evolving Implicit model model EXTERNAL FrameSolutions XCHIPS prosess support W ORKWARE EXTERNAL visualization METIS Q and simulation SimVision 16 8 8

  9. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Layer 2, the knowledge representation layer (conceptual meta-model of EEML) Q 17 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Layer 3, the work performance and management layer Metamodelling in METIS Defines content of Modelling in METIS Defines content of Services, e.g. for work performance Work management Modelled portal with Q knowledge about WORKWARE a task, including its resources and current state 18 9 9

  10. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Usage experience � Three detailed case studies in EXTERNAL Network of small IT consultant companies (SME) � Business consulting partnership � International research project � Joint Project Planning � Action list for emergent processes � Quarterly progress report � � Additional case-studies Proposal writing for an international project proposal � Dissemination planning and follow up in an international project � Learning from experience in experiments within the Norwegian Defence � Military intelligence process � Q Product development in automotive industry � � Performed surveys and interviews with end-users to investigate user experiences 19 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Navigation View usiness Development Project Manager Consultant Product Manager Enterprise Enterprise model model Work model Workplace View Quality Engineer Q Team Leader Business Unit Manager 20 10 10

  11. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Forms are selected by Example Worktop policies for the current user, type and object For each attribute, Which services to include Q policies determine which are controlled by service HTML component to apply configuration policies 21 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Which columns to include, Example Worklist and how to present them, are controlled by policies The navigation structure Q Which objects to include in reflects the enterprise the list, are controlled by list model and user policies query policies 22 11 11

  12. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Document Management Document lists can be Documents have an generated from user-defined Q extensible, domain-oriented queries on all attribute values set of metadata attributes 23 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Access Control Access control works on Access control policies refer multiple levels, from whole Q to user-oriented concepts from projects to individual attribute the enterprise model fields 24 12 12

  13. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Proposal writing case: Q 25 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Example - Proposal Q 26 13 13

  14. TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 Q 27 TDT4250 - Modeling of Information Systems, Autumn 2006 The specialised model as a basis for a work environment Q 28 14 14

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