Project No.2 External Wall types and Openings Group 7 Layers used: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Project No.2 External Wall types and Openings Group 7

Layers used:  Concrete Block  Clay Brick  Plasterboard  Render  Insulation  Wall tie  Timber

 Concrete Block Made from cast concrete usually made of sand and fine gravel. Size of standard concrete brick is 215x100x440mm.  Clay Brick Made of clay bearing soil, sand and lime. Size of clay block is 65x102.5x215mm.  Plasterboard Made from calcium sulfate dihydrate.  Render Made from cement, sand and water.  Insulation Made of Cellulose, fiberglass and wool.  Wall Tie Made from metal.  Timber Size 47x25mm

Wall Type 1-20th Century Partial Fill Cavity Wall Construction: Components Concrete Block Cavity Insulation Wall tie Clay Brick Plasterboard

Wall Type 1-20th Century Full Fill Cavity Wall Construction : Components Concrete Block Insulation Wall tie Plasterboard Render

Wall Type 1-20th Century Solid Wall Construction: Components Render Insulation Concrete block Plasterboard Timber

Insulation in walls Thermal conductivity: 100mm = 0.17W/m2K 50mm = 0.40W/m2K Solid wall = 0.20W/m2K https://www.uvalue- calculator.co.uk/calc ulator/walls/external %20wall%20insulati on%20(ewi)/solid% 20brick/102.5mm/1 0mm%20polymer% • 100mm insulation • 50mm cavity 20render/60/ • Solid wall • 0mm cavity • 50mm insulation • Plaster (25mm) • https://www.insulationshop.co/image/ca Timber battens https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tutorcavityinsulation- • talog/product/URSA/URSA_Cavity_Batt Insulation 170404103330/95/tutor-cavity-insulation-ppt-4-16- s_fullfill.png https://www.diydoctor.org.uk/project_images/insulating 638.jpg?cb=1491302042 walls/insulation-with-battens.jpg Types of insulation Foam board insulation Blanket insulation Loose-fill insulation • Materials: Concrete block insulation • Materials: • Materials:  Polystyrene • Materials:  Fibreglass  Cellulose •  Foam board Installation  Mineral wool  Fibreglass  Interior must be • Installation  Plastic fibre  Mineral wool  Stacked without mortar covered with half • Installation • Installation inch gypsum and surface bonded  Between studs, joints and  Blown into place board. Exterior beams must be covered with weatherproof https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/weatherize/insulation/types-insulation facing.

Plasterboard Plasterboard is made of gypsum and paper. The U value of plasterboard varies depending on which type it is but according to Gyproc the standard 12.5mm plasterboard has a u value of 0.05 m^2K/W. With a vapour control membrane The U value is only 0.04 m^2K/W. There are many types of plasterboard such as Vapor control, Impact protection, Moisture resistant, Acoustic, Fire resistant and Insulated. Additives are added in the paper liner and core to make certain types like moisture resistant plasterboard for example. The standard thicknesses given by Gyproc for plasterboard are 9.5mm, 12.5mm and 15mm. Also normally has a standard width of 1200mm to suit 600mm spacing between studded walls. The gypsum in plasterboard is generated from natural and synthetic sources so plasterboard has a low level of embodied energy

Concrete Block • Great strength - More in compression and less in tension. Plastered concrete block • It is reinforced by vertical and horizontal steel bars. • Must have vertical expansion joins – 6m centres for cone blockwork. • Too strong – Increase risk of cracking. • Too weak – Joints weather as they let in water. https://t3.ftcdn.net/jpg/00/76/23/10/500_F_7 • Thermal mass: 6231022_gserNvxLx0TpxYfcdPmYfi806P7n  Absorb heat in hot conditions n2pK.jpg  Release back in fixing space  Acts as a house radiator • Slow to build – Doesn’t tolerate extreme weather conditions  Water leads to the shrinking and expansion which causes depletes. • High density – Made of cement • Low density – Made of cement and fly ash • Measurements – 440 x 215 x 100 Rendered concrete block • Absorb less water • Class A1 – Fire resistance • Excellent sound insulation https://i.pinimg.com/originals/be/00/fb/be00fb8ffbcb0cd33 9bea695de2bc242.jpg

Clay Brick Clay bricks should have a thickness of 102.5 mm, be frost resistant. Bricks are very water absorbent. Standard bricks are tested by leaving them in cold water for 24 hours The conductivity of a clay brick is 0.9 W/Mk Standard dimensions of a clay brick

Wall tie The purpose of wall ties is to join both the inner and Over the years, wall ties have been The sizes of the wall ties vary outer leaf of the wall together allowing them to act as a made from materials such as; depending on each wall and the unit. Wall ties also play a vital role in ensuring that the plastic, galvanised mild steel and type of wall tie needed. Partially building is stable. also stainless steel. Out of the three filled cavity walls require a This is why we don’t need wall ties in a solid wall as its of these, both plastic and galvanised different type of wall tie than a only one main component and we don’t need tie it mild steel are obsolete. full fill cavity where as solid walls together don’t require a wall tie.

Reference page https://www.gyproc.ie/sites/default/files/Section%202.1%20-%20Boards_0.pdf https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1GCEU_enIE869IE869&biw=1440&bih=789&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=l XmUXZW6KNSDhbIP24qm4A8&q=plasterboard+types&oq=plasterboard+types&gs_l=img.3..0j0i24l4.13 8103.142203..142405...0.0..0.56.571.18......0....1..gws-wiz-img.......0i67.LedIj- KUiwQ&ved=0ahUKEwjV2O_hrP3kAhXUQUEAHVuFCfwQ4dUDCAc&uact=5#imgrc=ih6LvvLiIC3SbM: https://www.insulationsuperstore.co.uk/browse/plasterboard.html https://www.gyproc.ie/products-systems/products/gyproc-moisture-resistant https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBD_enIE869IE869&biw=1440&bih=789&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei= cOOUXYKNNvXE8gLi- LPQBw&q=how+plasterboard+made&oq=how+plasterboard+made&gs_l=img.3...13109.16902..17100...0 .0..0.46.697.21......0....1..gws-wiz- img.......0j0i67j0i8i30j0i24.av43nH3LjtU&ved=0ahUKEwiCheXbkf7kAhV1olwKHWL8DHoQ4dUDCAc&uac t=5#imgrc=kQLYDqRWBuDquM: https://www.google.com/search?q=plasterboard&rlz=1C1CHBD_enIE869IE869&source=lnms&tbm=isch& sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjqicbro_7kAhUhpnEKHY90BsQQ_AUIEigB&biw=1440&bih=789#imgrc=rymLEqGs Ew-XmM: https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1CHBD_enIE869IE869&biw=1440&bih=789&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei= c_aUXY6zL9eG1fAPl86aUA&q=standard+brick+dimensions&oq=standard+brick+dimensions&gs_l=img. 3..0l10.97762.102225..102410...0.0..0.55.930.25......0....1..gws-wiz- img.......0i67.JfAyrBFUZo4&ved=0ahUKEwjOuMDso_7kAhVXQxUIHRenBgoQ4dUDCAc&uact=5#imgrc= 5Wup4NCJU1POUM: https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C1PRFI_enIE857IE858&biw=1536&bih=754&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=h7iUXaS_IsSM8gLQk5fQBg&q= 21st+century+solid+wall+construction&oq=21st+century+solid+wall+construction&gs_l=img.3...239671.240940..241128...0.0..0.46.79.2.. ....0....2j1..gws-wiz-img.dBMP9VeQyks&ved=0ahUKEwjknsrl6P3kAhVEhlwKHdDJBWoQ4dUDCAc&uact=5#imgrc=Y6JH7RtGt5aJnM:

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