Pres esen entation by Sven end S Svendse sen o of highlig - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Pres esen entation by Sven end S Svendse sen o of highlig ights of of: Method for planning ng extensive energy re renovation of detached s single-family h houses Report: R R372 o on: http: p://www.byg.dt dtu.dk dk/Forskni ning ng/Publ ublikationer ner/PhD hD_thes heses es Matilde Grøn Bjørneboe PhD Thesis Department of Civil Engineering August 29th 2017

Introduction Political target Renovation potential • 22% of energy consumption in • Independent of fossil fuels by DK takes place in single family 2050 houses • Reduce energy consumption • Most single family houses • Increase the contribution from where build in the period 1960- sustainable sources 1980 Savings due to energy efficency • In need of renovation due to Renewable energy their age Fossil fuels (Oil, Gas and Coal) 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. Sources: Danish Government, 2011. Our future energy. 2

Danish single family houses built in 1960-80 (SFH) 450 000 single-family houses Light concrete and brick walls One storey high, often no • • • built during this period basement Fibre-cement roof with low • About 100-140 m 2 Pre-drawn houses at a fixed slope on wood construction • • price in new neighbourhoods Double insulating glazing units Plan: closed/open, day/night • • Initiation of prefabrication on • a grand scale Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 3

Renovation potential and backlog • If not maintained houses deteriorate and loose value • Maintenance backlog estimated to DKK 27 billion in 2011* • SBi estimates at least 78% of single family houses in DK are in need of renovation** Sources: *DACC, GI, 2011. Hvidbog om bygningsrenovering - et overblik over den eksisterende viden og de Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. væsentligste studier af renoveringseffekter. **SBi, 2016. Potential heat savings during ongoing renovations of 4 buildings until 2050. Cowi, 2012, Renovevingsefterslæb, www.lav-det-selv.dk, www.detklareudsyn.dk

Current renovation practice • Individual improvements instead of overall plan • Do-it-yourself (DIY) • Advisors only used rarely • The energy level of houses sold shows a tendency of renovation Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. Sources: Data from Boligsiden.dk 5

Renovation of single family houses E NERGY RENOVATION M AINTENANCE F UNCTIONS UPGRADE Based on the current durability and Reducing the energy consumption to save Implementation of the wishes of the energy and money and to improve indoor remaining service life, building house owner for better utilisation of the climate components are replaced or repaired house or updating the appearence • • • Extra insulation Roof Improvement of existing functions • • (new bath, kitchen, utility room etc.) Low-energy windows and doors Façade • • • Changes to existing room layout e.g. Air tightening Windows and doors • • by moving walls or doors Mechanical ventilation with heat Floor and basement • • Establishing new skylights in roof recovery Installations • • Establishing new windows in façade Heating system • for additional light Local energy production • Raising the ceilling height to the roof • Extension of the house Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 6

The One-Stop-Shop (OSS) • The house owner is informed about the best possible solution for the house • The house owner is assisted through the decision-making process House OSS contact owner person • The house owner have only one contact person throughout the process • The house owner have less administration • The house receive a relevant renovation , successfully upgrading the house Architect Engineer Contractor • The house gets a lower energy consumption than before the renovation Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 7

One-stop-shop (OSS) Concept I. III. IV. V. II. Decision Implementation Confirmation Knowledge Persuasion Initial Proposal of Coordinated Continued Thorough evaluation solutions execution commissioning analysis Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 8

Results – Process Step 1 – Initial evaluation Step 2 - Analysis • House evaluated based on • Analysis of facade solutions • Replacements of cavity insulation (16 kWh/m 2 • Durability a year, CCE 0.09 DKK/kWh) • Functionality • External insulation (44-48 kWh/m 2 a year, CCE • Energy improvements 0.63-0.92 DKK/kWh) • Renovation House A • Energy price 1.11 DKK/kWh • Roof, windows and doors, facade insulation, • Chose cavity insulation install ventilation Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 9

Results – Process Step 3 - Decision Step 5 - Validation • 3 quotations were sought for the execution • Energy level determined using Be10 before of the renovation and after renovation • House owner chose the one they preferred • Measured saving on total consumption Further measurements described in Part II Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 10

Partial conclusion • Will the use of the One-stop-shop • Scope of study diminished due to (OSS) concept improve the process high dropout rate of renovating and result in better • The study found no evidence that renovations with a lower energy the OSS concept motivate more consumption because the house people to renovate owners are guided through the • It is estimated that the scope and process? quality of the renovation was increased • The house owners found it helpful to see remaining lifetime of building parts • The 5 steps worked well Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 11

The renovation T HERMAL TRANSMISSION OF BUILDING PARTS Before renovation After renovation W/m 2 K W/m 2 K Windows 1.07–4.80 (2.74) 0.63–0.87 (0.71) Doors 2.00–3.54 (2.71) 0.70–1.39 (0.91) Roof 0.49 0.10 Skylights 3.52–4.93 (4.23) 1.3 Façade 0.67 0.37 12

Results - Single measurements Thermography Blower-door pressurisation AIR TIGHTNESS, l/s·m 2 Measured BR, new buildings Before After 2010 2015 2020 Volume flow through leaks 2.5 0.8 1.5 1.0 0.5 in building envelope, q 50 Infiltration 0.19 0.09 Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 13

Method - Measurements Daily readings by house owner after Measurements, before and after renovation • Thermography • Total electricity consumption • Blower-door pressurisation • Total gas consumption • Total electricity consumption, 1 year • Electricity consumption by heat pump • Total gas consumption, 1 year • Electricity consumption by convectional heater • The house owners opinions, interview • Notes specifying when the house was • logging temperature every 10-15 min in all empty, when the wood burning stove was rooms, 1 year in use etc. Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 14

Method - Analyses • Measured energy consumption weighted • The increase in comfort and changes in using heating degree days (HDD) user behaviour were evaluated based on the temperatures measured and • The contribution from the wood-burning interviews with the house owners. stove was estimated • The financial saving was estimated based • The energy saving achieved was found by on the energy savings measured comparing the energy consumption before and after • The cost of the renovation was evaluated based on the size of the investment and • The energy level calculation made in the the increased house value estimated by a program BE10 (assign EPC) real estate agent and the house owners’ bank • A model of the house before and after renovation in Bsim • The overall result was evaluated based on energy, indoor climate, cost and opinions of the house owners Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 15

Results – Temperatures • More even temperature in all rooms • General temperature increase of 1°C Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 16

Results Energy Economy • Cost of renovation DKK 1.3 million • Standard energy consumption measured reduced with 53% or 9,889 kWh • Increased value gain due to renovation of DKK 1 million • Simulations estimated a saving • Annual savings of DKK 8,400 due of 58% to reduced running costs (DKK • EPC went from E to C 252,000 over 30 years) • Achieving Renovation Class 2 • Increased comfort and other non- energy benefits according to the BR15 Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 17

Partial conclusion • When a renovation is based on • Documentation of a holistic necessary maintenance and renovation includes energy improvements • Based on maintenance, but including and functional upgrades, is it functions and better-than-minimum energy improvements possible to improve the house and reduce the energy consumption • Heating energy consumption for heating by 50% within a reduced by 53% feasible budget ? • Increase in house value, reduction of running costs • House owner and measurements confirmed improved comfort Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 18

3 1 Creating 2 Mapping 4 Evaluation framework initiatives Suggestion 2 – Mapping initiatives in Denmark • Building regulations (BR15) • Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) • BedreBolig (A Better Home) • Subsidies Part III Intro Backg. Part I Part II Concl. 19