Potentially dangerous glacial lakes Cartographers in the northern - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps – a No-Chance Challenge for Potentially dangerous glacial lakes Cartographers in the northern Tien Shan Manfred Buchroithner, Hannes Künkel 1 Institut für Kartographie, TU Dresden Manfred Buchroithner 2 1 Third Pole, Göttingen 2 Institute of Cartography, TU Dresden

I ntroduction • Changing tracks due to extensive trekking tourism, transport necessities and hazardous geomorphological side- effects • Highly dynamic track changes in areas of glacier retreat – Changes from one day to another • Identification of trails by means of remote sensing is difficult due to resolution limitations • Field work is needed for verification. 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 2

I ntroduction • Trail characteristics in high mountain areas 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 3

I ntroduction http: / / menris.icimod.net/ menris/ Photogallery/ default.as px?PhotoCatID= 4 Lukla 1995 Namche 1995 Lukla 2008 Namche 2006 20/ 09/ 2013

Trail Mapping GPS-Tracks 10/ 2008 Destroyed bridge 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 5

Trail Am biguities ??? ??? 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 6

Trail Mapping • Trail mapping using high resolution satellite imagery Cartosat-1 Glacier Tongue Trail Houses Lake Trail 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 7

Glacier Changes • In glacier free areas trails can be mapped using high resolution satellite imagery • Glacier retreat and glacier meltwater discharge are influencing paths running along glacier meltwater fed rivers • Glacier tongue crossing tracks are heavily influenced by debris cover and supraglacial ponds How to deal with the problem of dynamic changing routes in glacial environments in topographic maps? 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 8

Glacier Changes  Khumbu-Gletscher 1952 • (http: / / www.sfar- evev06.ch/ en/ topics/ bilder.htm l)  Khumbu-Gletscher 2008 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 9

Glacier Changes Increase Strong increase No significant change Increase Bolch et al. 2008 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 10

Glacier Changes and Trail Uncertainties Changing glacier characteristics Crevasses, lakes, debris cover 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 11

Trail Uncertainties approx. glacier route 2 0 0 8 ??? 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps

Trail Mapping 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps

Trail Mapping  GPS: Global Positioning System  Requirements: • Stable over time • Clearly identifiable in satellite imagery and reality 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 14

Trail Mapping 20/ 09/ 2013 20/ 09/ 2013 Glacier Routes in High Mountain Maps Page 15

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