Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot And Cold Water Pipe Applications Plastics Pipes XVI Barcelona, September 24 th – 26 th , 2012 Klaus Koennecke Basell Deutschland GmbH, A LyondellBasell Company
Contents • Historical review • Product portfolio • Properties and advantages • Akoalit homopolymer innovations • Introducing Akoafloor PB-R copolymers • Typical customer applications Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 2
Polybutene-1: Historical Review
Historical Review: More than 50 years of PB-1 1954: First polymerisation by Prof. G. Natta, Italy 1964: First industrial production by Hüls, Germany 1968: Mobil Oil builds plant in Taft, USA 1977: Shell Chemicals takes over from Witco and invests in extension of the plant (27 kt) 1998: Shell exits business; Basell enters 2003: Basell starts up new 45 kt plant in Moerdijk, Netherlands 2008: Basell expands Moerdijk plant to >60 kt Milestones in History of Polybutene-1 2008 1954 1964 1968 1977 1998 2003 Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 4
Reliability Specified and constructed in 1969 by Salen, Austria PB-1 system installed in 1974 (6.5 km of 20 x 2.5 mm to 225 x 20.5 mm) Service conditions: 10 bar / 54 ° C / 33 litre/s Zero breakdowns reported in over 30 years Geothermal bath in Vienna-Oberlaa Despite the aggressive nature of the water (high sulphur content) the PB-1 pipe system is still in operation today! Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 5
Polybutene-1 Product Portfolio
PB-1 Product Portfolio • Akoalit products - LyondellBasell’s new family of resins selected for potable water applications - Akoalit PB 4268 white - Akoalit PB 4267 grey • Akoafloor products - LyondellBasell’s new PB-R grade selected for UFH / SHC* applications * UFH: Under Floor Heating SHC: Surface Heating and Cooling - Akoafloor PB R 509 natural / brown • Standard PB-1 grade selected for heating pipe applications - PB 4235-1 ivory Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 7
Polybutene-1: Properties and Advantages
PB-1 Basics: Member Of The Polyolefins Family PB-1 is produced through polymerization of butene-1 using Ziegler-Natta catalysts to create a: linear, high molecular weight, isotactic, semi-crystalline olefinic homopolymer. H H — C — C — H CH 2 n CH 3 PB-1 is compatible with PP but not with PE. Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 9
PB-1 Basics: Crystallization From The Melt MELT Ageing (10 min) at room temperature and elevated pressure 2 kbar Form II Form I 1 bar Thermo- Kinetically Ageing (5 days) at room temperature dynamically favored and atmospheric pressure stable Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 10
Kinetics of form II to form I transformation 1,5 kbar 1,2 kbar 500 bar 1 bar Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 11
Form II to form I transformation Increase in molecule length (~ 14%) Decrease in cross section (~ 10%) Volume shrinkage (~ 2%) Impact on: Rigidity, Strength, Crystaline modification, Melting point, Density, Shrinkage Accelerated by: Hydrostatic pressure 11/3 Mechanical stress 3/1 Form II Nucleation Form I Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 12
Polybutene-1 properties PB-1 retains its properties better with increasing temperature 100% Retention of tensile property 80% PB-1 60% PP 40% 20% Plumbing & heating 0% 20 40 60 80 100 Temperature, °C Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 13
PB-1: Creep Resistance PB-1 displays excellent creep resistance and deforms less over time under applied stress Creep at 23°C, 8 MPa Tensile creep at 23 ° C, 8 MPa Tensile creep at 80°C, 8 MPa 4,5 16 4 14 3,5 12 3 10 strain (%) Strain (%) 2,5 8 2 6 1,5 4 1 2 0,5 0 0 0,1 1 10 100 1000 0,1 1 10 100 1000 Time (hours) time (hours) Source: Internal data HDPE A PP PB-1 PB-1 HDPE A HPPE B PP Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 14
PB-1 Pressure Performance vs. Other H & C Materials (operating pressure of 10 bar) 12 PB-H PEX PE-RT I PE-RT II PP-R PP-RCT PVC-C 10 Source: ISO 15874 / 15875 / 15876 / 15877, 22391 Classes according to ISO 10508 Design stress / MPa 8 6 4 2 0 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 20 °C / 50 y Hot water UFH Hot water UFH Radiator Cold water (60 ° C ) (70 ° C) (high temp) (low temp) (high temp) Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 15
PB-1: Flexibility / Hydrodynamic Efficiency PE-X PB-1 PE-RT I PP-R PVC-C PE-RT II 100% Flexibility 50% 45% 32% 10% 125% (PB-R) Pipe weight 100% 140% 166% 190% 195% Pressure loss @ V=2 l/s 18 mbar/m 33 mbar/m 50 mbar/m 80 mbar/m 24 mbar/m (Calculated for application class 2, 10 bar design pressure, based on published data) Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 16
Acoustic Properties – Low Noise Transmission PB-1 exhibits excellent sound dampening properties due to its high elasticity and low density. Sound Transmission in Solids 7000 Sound Velocity m/s 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 1000 0 PB-1 PE-X PVC-C Copper Steel (calculated based on published data for E-modulus and density) Pressure and sound waves are naturally absorbed, eliminating “water hammer” noise Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 17
PB-1: Key Benefits For Customers • Unique flexibility facilitates fast installation – shorter construction time – reduced labour costs and fewer fittings • Excellent mechanical properties allow for lighter pipes • The material can be welded and processed, enabling – one material solution for pipe and fittings without metal – relatively easy processing and weldable fitting constructions • Fully recyclable • Potable water approved Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 18
PB-1: Akoalit homopolymer Innovations
PB-1 Homopolymer Innovation: PB 4237 Grey -> PB 4267 Grey • Modulus and tensile properties similar (PB-1 homopolymers) • Faster processing (higher MFR) • Improved organoleptic properties (updated additvation) • Increased long-term performance (no brittle failures up to 95 ℃) Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 20
PB-1 Homopolymer Innovation: PB 4237 Grey -> PB 4267 Grey • Similar mechanical properties* - Flexural modulus: 450 MPa - Stress at yield: 20 MPa - Stress at break: 35 Mpa - Elongation at break: 300 % • Faster processing* - MFR(190/2,16): 0,4 dg/min -> 0,6 dg/min - Can run up to 50% faster - Lower sensitivity towards induced orientation • Improved organoleptics - Potential to meet more stringent future organoleptics requirements * typical values, not to be construed as specification Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 21
PB-1 Homopolymer Innovation: PB 4237 -> PB 4267 – ISO 9080 Comparison Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 22
PB-1: Introducing Akoafloor PB-R copolymers
Akoafloor PB-R: Summary of Properties Mechanical properties Akoafloor* PB 4235-1* PE-RT** Flex. modulus 320 MPa 450 MPa 550 - 800 MPa Stress at yield 18 MPa 19 MPa 15 - 20 MPa Stress at break 38 MPa 30 MPa 35 - 40 MPa Elongation at break 400% 250% > 350% - 800% Izod 23 ℃ 65 kJ/m 2 20 kJ/m2 23 kJ/m2 Izod 0 ℃ 25 kJ/m2 7 kJ/m2 Izod -20 ℃ 9 kJ/m2 4 kJ/m2 8 kJ/m2 (-30 ℃ ) *typical values, not to be construed as specification **various grades, data taken from published product data sheets Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 24
Akoafloor PB-R: Summary of Properties (cont’d) Rheology Akoafloor PB 4235-1 MFR(190/2,16) 0,7 dg/min 0,6 dg/min Thermal properties Akoafloor PB 4235-1 117 ° C* 120 ° C* Vicat A50 Ageing time 1 – 2 days** 5 days** Source: *Polymerphysik ** Internal DSC data Creep rupture Lower level at elevated temperatures, but no knee point Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 25
Akoafloor PB-R: Design Stress Comparison 12 PB-H PB-R PEX PE-RT I PE-RT II PP-R PP-RCT PVC-C 10 Source: ISO 15874 / 15875 / 15876 / 15877/ 22391 / 12230 Application classes according to ISO 10508 Design stress / MPa 8 6 4 2 0 Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 Class 5 20 °C / 50 y Hot water Hot water UFH UFH Radiator Cold (60 ° C ) (70 ° C ) (low temp) (high temp) (high temp) water Polybutene-1 (PB-1) Grades Used For Hot and Cold Water Pipe Applications lyondellbasell.com 26
Recommend
More recommend
