petite histoire de lunivers processus faisant intervenir: - forces - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

ESA 2010 / Thales Alenia Space and EADS Astrium concepts for Euclid Planck/ESA Euclid introduction 1. Euclid in brief 2. Euclid science case 3. Euclid payload, instrument, survey, hardware 4. Euclid @ IAS 5. conclusion 6. Hervé Dole Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, Orsay Université Paris-Sud 11 et CNRS Institut Universitaire de France 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 1

petite histoire de l’univers processus faisant intervenir: - forces fondamentales - composantes sombres - paramètres cosmologiques Hu & White, 2004 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 2

petite histoire de l’univers cadre théorique: - inflation, conditions initiales cadre cosmologique et astrophysique: - formation et assemblage des grandes structures - accélération de l’expansion: origines et propriétés Planck Herschel Euclid Hu & White, 2004 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 3

Euclid contexte: accélération de l’expansion (Nobel 2011) question: nature de l’énergie noire, et matière noire ? comment: cartographie du ciel visible et proche IR du ciel extragalactique observations: - distribution de la matière visible - effet de lentille gravitationnelle (faible) - amas de galaxies - galaxies lointaines - évolution des galaxies voire: exoplanètes plan: - Euclid in brief - Euclid cosmological probes & science objectives - Euclid payload, instruments, obs. strategy, hardware - Euclid@IAS 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 4

1. Euclid: overview (1) Sélectionné en M2 (2019) Labos impliqués : CEA, IAP , IAS, LAM, • • UK, IT, DE, CH, SP , NL … Consortium lead : Y. Mellier (IAP) Télescope 1.2 m Détecteur UK et US refroidis entre 120 et 150 K – Imageur visible (VIS) [lead UK] 36CCD 16Mpx, 0.1', 500-900mic – Spectro-imageur proche IR (NISP) chef de projet : CNES Lancement Soyuz Kourou Orbite au point de Lagrange L2 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 5

1. Euclid: overview (2)  1. science  2. project  theme: how did the Universe originate  telescope: 1.2m at L2 and what is it made of ?  1 camera wide field visible  goal: to map the geometry of the dark  1 camera + spectro slitless NIR Universe; dark energy, dark matter,  launch: ~2018-2019 test of gravity, initial conditions �  operations: 5 yr  strategy: all extragalactic sky (i.e.  in competition for ESA Cosmic half-sky) visible and NIR survey � Vision class M2  targets: galaxies and clusters of  600 ME total cost galaxies out to z~2, � in a wide extragalactic survey  3. Need for space covering 20 000 deg ² , plus a deep survey covering an area of 40 deg ²  small and stable PSF  tools: weak lensing, BAO, clusters  3x better than on the ground and galaxies statistics, etc.  low background for deep NIR  additional science: galaxies, AGNs, imaging & spectroscopy clusters , exoplanets, .. 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 6

2. Euclid main cosmological probes  weak lensing  baryonic acoustic tomography oscillations  cluster counts  redshift-space distortions  ISW (galaxies+CMB) from Yellow Book 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 7

primary science objectives  Euclid will measure the dark energy equation of state parameters w 0 and w a to a precision of 2% and 10% from the geometry and structure growth of the Universe.  Euclid will thus achieve a Dark Energy Figure of Merit of 500(1500) without (with) Planck Priors, thus improving by a factor of 50 (150) upon current knowledge.  Euclid will test the validity of General Relativity against modified gravity theories, and measure the growth factor exponent γ to an accuracy of 2%.  Euclid will study the properties of dark matter by mapping its distribution, testing the Cold Dark Matter paradigm and measuring the sum of the neutrino masses to a few 0.01eV in combination with Planck.  Euclid will improve the constraints on the initial condition parameters by a factor of 2-30 compared to Planck alone. from Yellow Book 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 8

legacy science  extragalactic  high quality morphologies, masses, and star-formation rates for billions of galaxies out to z~2  over the entire extra-galactic sky, with a resolution 4 times better and 3 NIR magnitude deeper than ground based survey  probe the ‘dark ages’ of galaxy formation  find thousands of galaxies at z>6  of which about 100 could be at z>10 i.e., probing the era of reionization  These high-z galaxies and quasars will be targets for JWST and E-ELT  strong lenses, mass function of galaxy clusters  med-z supernovae  Galactic  augment the Gaia survey of our Milky Way  several magnitudes deeper  add NIR colors for the brighter *: breaking the age-metallicity degeneracy  low surface brightness tidal streams of stars: probe the evolution of MW  exoplanets microlensing from Yellow Book 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 9

3. Euclid satellite & instruments 1 caméra visible grand champ (0.5 o2 ): VIS: forme des galaxies �   1 bande couvrant: R + I + Z (0.55 – 0.92um)  magnitude limite AB: 24.5 (10 sigma, extended source)  résolution: 0.10 arcsec  FWHM: 0.16 arcsec 1 caméra/spectro NIR grand champ (0.5 o2 ): NISP: photométrie, photo-z’s et  spectroscopie: z �  3 bandes: Y, J, H (1.02, 1.2, 1.6um -> coverage from 0.92 to 2.0um)  magnitude limite AB: 24 (5 sigma, point source)  résolution: 0.30 arcsec  spectro slitless:  R~200-600, 0.9-1.7um (raie Ha: 0.5 < z < 2, ≠ roll angles pour confusion; >5x10 7 z) stratégies �   step-and-stare  1 survey WIDE de 20000 Sq. Deg.  1 survey DEEP de 40 Sq. Deg.  2 magnitudes plus faibles (imagerie et spectro) i.e. flux 6.3 fois plus faibles 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 10

euclid wide vs deep imaging surveys & H. Dole Euclid Wide 20000 Sq. Deg. 40 Sq. Deg. note: deepest Spitzer IRAC 3.6um 5 sigma sensitivity: 40 nJy (Sullivan+2007 on GOODS) (-1.39 on this y-axis) 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 11

some numbers Y. Mellier – Jan 2011 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 12

expected redshift distribution galaxies: H-alpha emitters clusters Euclid Yellow Book, 2009, ESA 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 13

accuracy in H(z), D A (z),  8 • accuracy in slitless z: < 0.001(1+z) • accuracy in photo-z: < 0.005(1+z) [goal: 3%] Euclid Yellow Book, 2009, ESA 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 14

4. Euclid @ IAS  science  instrumentation  conception, realization and integration of VIS flight calibration unit  data processing  level 2 (OU6)  testing  tests and calibration of focal raw data VIS & IR plane at IAS station d’étalonnage Euclidization integrating L2 sphere w/ LEDs images & catalogs 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 15

Euclid Science @ IAS  cosmology  structures  ISW: galaxies + Planck  physics of high-z CMB objects  extreme infrared galaxies discovered by  clusters Planck 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 16

conclusions  2019 may seem a long time...  furthermore the schedule might shift  pipeline, methods, simulations  data management, human management  science preparation 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 17

Euclid ESA 2010 / Thales Alenia Space and EADS Astrium concepts for Euclid 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 18

w(z), gamma_m Euclid Yellow Book, 2009, ESA 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 19

test of gravity Euclid Yellow Book, 2009, ESA 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 20

initial conditions Euclid Yellow Book, 2009, ESA 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 21

some key documents  Euclid Imaging Consortium Science Book  Réfrégier et al.: arXiv:1001.0061  Euclid Assessment Study Report for the ESA Cosmic Visions (Yellow Book)  Laureijs et al.: arXiv:0912.0914  http://sci.esa.int/science-e/www/object/index.cfm?fobjectid=46431 29 nov 2011 - P2IO Dark Energy workshop Hervé Dole, IAS - EUCLID Overview 22