Pesticide Stewardship Partnership & Urban Pesticide Use Benton County Cooperative Weed Management Area Meeting Feb 28, 2017 3/2/2017 1
The Pesticide Stewardship Partnership Program is being implemented in nine watershed across Oregon These watersheds represent diverse land uses including agricultural, industrial, urban, and forestry uses In several watersheds multiple land uses are being monitored to characterize pesticide use and evaluate current management actions that either prevent or contribute to pesticide residuals in ground and surface waters of the state In four of the watersheds urban pesticide use is being monitored. This includes: Clackamas Yamhill Amazon Middle Rogue 3/2/2017 2
Currently Active PSP Watershed or Pilot Area Monitoring Sites 3/2/2017 3
Surface water quality monitoring occurs at stream locations which are selected jointly by DEQ and PSP watershed partners and may vary from year to year based on previous years findings. Generally there are “long term” sites which do not change. Sampling schedules are based on local knowledge as to when pesticide applications may begin and end. This generally results in sampling occurring beginning in March and running through July and beginning again in September and running through October/November Groundwater monitoring is beginning conducted thru DEQ’s GW assessment monitoring program. Thus far Middle Rouge, Walla Walla have been done with N. Willamette scheduled for 2017. 3/2/2017 4
Herbicides By far the most detected class of pesticides found in the PSP program are the herbicides accounting for approximately 65 -70% of all the detections occurring between 2010 and 2015. This compares favorably with a recently completed WSDA study in the Puget Sound on urban pesticide use. In urban areas the number of herbicides detected is limited compared to those in rural or agricultural areas; however, the concentrations detected of those found in urban areas tend to be higher. The most commonly detected herbicides in urban areas are: 2,4-D Variety of homeowner products Glyphosate Round-Up Triclopyr Variety of homeowner products Diuron Karmax AMPA Breakdown of Glyphosate 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide Breakdown of Dichlobenil 3/2/2017 5
Urban Puget Sound – Pesticide Use Responses 3000 Number of Positive Responses 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Herbicides Insecticides Moss Control Slug Control Fungicides Mole and Gopher Kelly McLain, WSDA 2014 3/2/2017 6
Urban Herbicide Use A majority of the herbicides used in the urban (Western Oregon/ Washington) environment are for the treatment of lawn weeds. This is followed by treatments for gardens (non-food), driveways, and roof tops. Below is a generalized use chart of pesticide application. 14% 12% 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% McLain 2014 3/2/2017 7
Urban Puget Sound Most Treated Locations 14 36 11 Lawns Gardens Foundations 19 Roofs 20 Driveways Kelly McLain, WSDA 2014 3/2/2017 8
Examples of Herbicide Results from Urban Monitoring Locations 3/2/2017 9
Monitoring Station 25624 – South Eugene 3/2/2017 10
active ingredients use contain several products for home Many “premixed” Chaser including Crossbow & in several herbicides are active ingredients 2,4-D and Triclopyr 3/2/2017 U g L / U L / g 0.5 1.5 0 1 2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3/24/11 3/24/11 5/24/11 5/24/11 Amazon Watershed Station 25624 7/24/11 7/24/11 9/24/11 9/24/11 11/24/11 11/24/11 1/24/12 1/24/12 3/24/12 3/24/12 5/24/12 5/24/12 7/24/12 7/24/12 9/24/12 9/24/12 Triclopyr Results 11/24/12 11/24/12 2,4 D Results 1/24/13 1/24/13 3/24/13 3/24/13 5/24/13 5/24/13 7/24/13 7/24/13 9/24/13 9/24/13 11/24/13 11/24/13 1/24/14 1/24/14 3/24/14 3/24/14 5/24/14 5/24/14 13.1 ug/L EPA ALB 7/24/14 7/24/14 26 ug/L EPA ALM 9/24/14 9/24/14 11/24/14 11/24/14 1/24/15 1/24/15 3/24/15 3/24/15 70 ug/L EPA DWS 5/24/15 5/24/15 300 ug/L HBSL 7/24/15 7/24/15 9/24/15 9/24/15 11
Examples of Homeowner Products with Multiple A.I.’s MFR Trade Name Form Chemical(s) Scotts Turf Builder Plus Granular 2,4-D, MCPP Lilly-MIller Lawn Weed Killer Liq. Conc. 2,4-D, MCPP, dicamba Ortho GroundClear liquid Glyphosate, Complete Veg. Killer Imazapyr Ortho Weed-B-Gone Liquid Triclopyr, MCPP, dicamba Preen Garden Weed Granular Trifluralin Preventer Scotts Turf Builder with Granular Pendimethalin Halts (30-3-4) Spectracide Triple Strike Liquid Diquat, Fluazifop, Dicamba 3/2/2017 12
Amazon Watershed Station 25624 EPA HHBM 2,6-Dichlorobenzamide 29 ug/L 450 400 350 300 n 250 g 200 / 150 L 100 50 0 5/9/13 6/9/13 7/9/13 8/9/13 9/9/13 10/9/13 11/9/13 12/9/13 1/9/14 2/9/14 3/9/14 4/9/14 5/9/14 6/9/14 7/9/14 8/9/14 9/9/14 10/9/14 11/9/14 12/9/14 1/9/15 2/9/15 3/9/15 4/9/15 5/9/15 6/9/15 7/9/15 8/9/15 9/9/15 10/9/15 In several cases, WQ monitoring Dichlobenil (Casoron) EPA HHBM does not detect the original 60 ug/L 100 pesticide but rather the 80 n breakdown product or 60 g / metabolite. In some cases that 40 L 20 metabolite may be more toxic 0 than the original pesticide or may 6/3/13 8/3/13 10/3/13 12/3/13 2/3/14 4/3/14 6/3/14 8/3/14 10/3/14 12/3/14 2/3/15 4/3/15 6/3/15 8/3/15 10/3/15 be more mobile in the environment 3/2/2017 13
Amazon Watershed Station 25624 EPA ALB EPA DWS Glyphosate Results 1800000 ng/L 700000 ng/L 800 700 600 n 500 g 400 / 300 L 200 100 0 EPA ALM AMPA Results 249500000 ng/L 200 150 n g 100 / L 50 0 3/2/2017 14
Amazon Watershed Station 25624 EPA ALBM Diuron Results 2400 ng/L 200 180 160 140 n 120 g 100 / 80 60 L 40 20 0 3/24/11 5/24/11 7/24/11 9/24/11 11/24/11 1/24/12 3/24/12 5/24/12 7/24/12 9/24/12 11/24/12 1/24/13 3/24/13 5/24/13 7/24/13 9/24/13 11/24/13 1/24/14 3/24/14 5/24/14 7/24/14 9/24/14 11/24/14 1/24/15 3/24/15 5/24/15 7/24/15 9/24/15 Diuron is a broad spectrum herbicide used in agricultural, urban, and rural areas. It is the generally the most detected herbicide in the watersheds sampled. Indications are that its primary use in these settings is right of way maintenance. It has limited registered use In urban landscape environments . 3/2/2017 15
Monitoring Station 34234 – South McMinnville 3/2/2017 16
3/2/2017 u u L / g L / g 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.6 0 0 1 4/7/10 4/7/10 7/7/10 7/7/10 10/7/10 10/7/10 1/7/11 1/7/11 4/7/11 4/7/11 Yamhill Watershed Station 34234 7/7/11 7/7/11 10/7/11 10/7/11 1/7/12 1/7/12 Triclopyr Results 4/7/12 4/7/12 2,4-D Results 7/7/12 7/7/12 10/7/12 10/7/12 1/7/13 1/7/13 4/7/13 4/7/13 7/7/13 7/7/13 10/7/13 10/7/13 1/7/14 1/7/14 4/7/14 4/7/14 26 ug/L EPA ALM 7/7/14 7/7/14 10/7/14 10/7/14 70 ug/L EPA DWS 1/7/15 1/7/15 300 ug/L HBSL 4/7/15 4/7/15 7/7/15 7/7/15 10/7/15 10/7/15 17
Yamhill Watershed Station 34234 EPA DWS Glyphosate Results 700000 ng/L 600 500 n 400 g 300 / 200 L 100 0 EPA ALM AMPA Results 249500000 ng/L 2500 2000 n 1500 g / 1000 L 500 0 3/2/2017 18
3/2/2017 n L / g 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 200 400 600 800 0 4/7/10 7/7/10 10/7/10 1/7/11 4/7/11 7/7/11 Yamhill Watershed Station 34234 10/7/11 1/7/12 Diuron Results 4/7/12 7/7/12 10/7/12 1/7/13 4/7/13 7/7/13 10/7/13 1/7/14 4/7/14 7/7/14 10/7/14 1/7/15 2400 ng/L EPA ALBM 4/7/15 7/7/15 10/7/15 19
Yamhill Watershed Station 34234 Because of the proximity of the sampling site to agricultural lands it is likely that there is some herbicides being detected that are not related to strictly urban use. Atrazine Results EPA ALB EPA DWS 1 ng/L 3000 ng/L 200 n 150 g 100 / 50 L 0 4/7/10 7/7/10 10/7/10 1/7/11 4/7/11 7/7/11 10/7/11 1/7/12 4/7/12 7/7/12 10/7/12 1/7/13 4/7/13 7/7/13 10/7/13 1/7/14 4/7/14 7/7/14 10/7/14 1/7/15 4/7/15 7/7/15 10/7/15 Simazine Results EPA ALB EPA DWS 2240 ng/L 4000 ng/L 2000 n 1500 g 1000 / 500 L 0 4/7/10 7/7/10 10/7/10 1/7/11 4/7/11 7/7/11 10/7/11 1/7/12 4/7/12 7/7/12 10/7/12 1/7/13 4/7/13 7/7/13 10/7/13 1/7/14 4/7/14 7/7/14 10/7/14 1/7/15 4/7/15 7/7/15 10/7/15 3/2/2017 20
3/2/2017 n L / g 1000 1500 500 L / g n 0 100 150 200 250 4/7/10 50 0 7/7/10 4/7/10 10/7/10 7/7/10 1/7/11 10/7/10 4/7/11 1/7/11 4/7/11 7/7/11 Yamhill Watershed Station 34234 7/7/11 10/7/11 Metolachlor Results 10/7/11 1/7/12 1/7/12 Metribuzin Results 4/7/12 4/7/12 7/7/12 7/7/12 10/7/12 10/7/12 1/7/13 1/7/13 4/7/13 4/7/13 7/7/13 7/7/13 10/7/13 10/7/13 1/7/14 1/7/14 4/7/14 4/7/14 7/7/14 7/7/14 10/7/14 10/7/14 1/7/15 1/7/15 10000 ng/L EPA ALB 8700 ng/L EPA ALB 4/7/15 4/7/15 7/7/15 7/7/15 10/7/15 10/7/15 21
Water quality monitoring for urban use herbicides can be complicated in areas that transition from agricultural / forestry land use to urban This is due to the fact that in several cases herbicides are registered for use in homeowner, agricultural, and forestry applications, for example: Metolachlor Agricultural, residential lawns (cert. app) Metsulfuron Methyl Agricultural, residential, forestry Glyphosate Agricultrual, residential, forestry Simazine Agricultural, residential, forestry Benefin Agricultural, residential Triclopry Industrial, right-of-way, residential, forestry 3/2/2017 22
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