Critical Evaluation of Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) Corridor Performance in Delhi Dr. S. Velmurugan Principal Scientist, Traffic Engineering and Safety Division At the CSIR - Central Road Research Institute, Colloquium
Study Steered by Director, Dr.S.Gangopadhyay - CSIR-Central Road Research Institute S TUDY T EAM Principal Investigators Dr.S. Velmurugan (Project Leader) Dr.K. Ravinder: Passenger Flow Study (In-Charge) Dr.E.Madhu: Micro Simulation Study (In-Charge) Dr. J. Nataraju: Passenger Hour Study (In Charge) Dr. Ch. Ravi Sekhar: BRTS Comparison Study (In-Charge) Sh. P.V. Pradeep Kumar: Fuel Consumption Study (In-Charge) Dr. Ravindra Kumar: Speed and Delay Field Study (In-Charge) Sh.S.K. Ummat: Field Logistics Field Survey Personnel Sh. S.P.Gautam Sh. Anil Kumar Sh. S.K. Biswas Sh. Devender Kumar Sh. Avinash Secretarial Sh. Daleep K.Mutreja Sh. Ashok Gauba Ms. Pushpa Jaitley http://crridom.gov.in/content/evaluating-bus-rapid-transit-brt-corridor-performance- amebedkar-nagar-mool-chand Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Focus of the Presentation Definition of Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) Type of BRTS & A Brief on various BRTS around the world USA, Latin America, Europe, Australia, Asia and India Performance Evaluation Parameter deployed for BRTS Major Issues on the Delhi BRTS Objectives of the Study Scope of the Study Study Methodology Simulation of Pilot Corridor in Delhi ‘with’ and ‘without’ BRTS Experimental Trial Run: Comparison with normal BRT in Delhi Major Inferences Delhi and Ahmedabad BRTS - A Comparison Recommendation - Short and Long Term for Delhi BRTS Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Definition of BRTS “a bus-based mass transit system that delivers fast, comfortable, and cost-effective urban mobility“ by Wright (2005) “a flexible, rubber-tired rapid-transit mode that combines stations, vehicles, services, running ways and Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) elements into an integrated system with a strong positive identity that evokes a unique image” by Levison et. al. (2003) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Types of BRTS BRT SYSTEM CLOSED OPEN SYTEM SYSTEM Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
A Brief on Various Bus Rapid Transit Systems (BRTS) Around The World
BRTS in USA First to introduce BRT concept in 1937 in the city of Chicago 1970’s Latin American countries started implementing BRT systems USA started building the BRT prototypes in this period In 1977 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania implemented first BRT system Later on many systems were developed in USA. Percentage increase in speeds in the Cleveland and Eugene is as high as 34% and 30.4% Average time savings in different BRT corridors in USA is varying from 6 to 31 minutes with Los Angeles BRT with the maximum time saving of 31 minutes. Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Salient Features of BRTS in USA (Cont…) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
BRTS in Latin America Known for successful implementation of BRTS In Bogotá BRT travel time savings improved by 35% Reduced fatal car accidents by 93% and reduced air pollution by 40% Ridership of 17,000 pphpd to 40,000 pphpd is observed in the BRT corridors of this region Commercial average speeds ranging from 15 to 32 kmph TransMilenio’s double width bus way on Troncal Avenida Caracas even accommodates 35,000 Passengers Per Hour Per Direction (PPHPD) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Salient Features of BRTS in Latin America (Contd…) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
BRTS in Europe This region is developed part of the world and are very particular of environment sensitive BRTS is a solution since it reduces air pollution Weekday riders in Dublin and Stockholm very high ranging from 50,000 to 1,46,000. BRT lanes are also used as HOV lanes in Barcelona. Demand for BRT systems in Europe is low because of presence of already good transportation systems. Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Salient Features of BRTS in Europe (Contd…) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
BRTS in Asia Scenario is similar to developing nations of Latin America. Maximum urban population prefer public transport mainly bus. In Indonesia total public transport trips constituted of 49.7% Pollution and environmental hazards is also one of the prominent problem in Asian countries The Guangzhou BRT system has won the 2011 sustainable transport award. Its ridership is as high as 29,000 pphpd, highest in Asia Due to urban sprawl in Asian cities it is difficult to identify high demand corridors in the urban areas and suburban areas Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Salient Features of BRTS in Asia (Contd…) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
BRTS in Australia Implemented its first BRT in 1986 at Adelaide Average speed in Australian BRT corridors is around 60kmph Australian BRT systems are very strong in infrastructural facilities They are generally expressway type of BRT systems. Adelaide BRT constitutes 25 bridges, and 8 tunnels. Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Salient Features of BRTS in Australia (Contd…) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
BRTS in India Currently operational in Ahmedabad and Delhi Started in Pune but they later discontinued ITDP has given a score of 76 out of 100 for Ahmedabad BRTS and falls under silver category 8 More BRT corridors coming up in different cities of India under JNNURM Ahmedabad is a closed system while Delhi BRT is an open system Peak Ridership of Delhi BRT is 12,500 PPHPD (CRRI, 2012) and given a rating of 24 out of 100 Present ridership in Ahmedabad BRTS is around 3000 PPHPD expected to reach 20,000 PPHPD Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Salient Features of BRTS in India (Contd…) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Delhi BRT To Summarize, Examples of Typical BRTS in Multimodal Corridors 19
Typical Evaluation Parameters Used for BRTS Bus way alignment, Segregated right-of-way Intersection treatments Passing lanes at stations Stations set back from intersections Pavement quality Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
BRTS Scores Derived for Selected Cities Based on the above Evaluation Parameters Ref: ITDP 2012 Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Major Issues on the Delhi BRTS More delays for all types of users including bus users Bus users inconvenienced due to location of bus stops at centre: Later, User Perception survey of CRRI revealed that 71% Bus passengers prefer bus stop located on the Kerb Side. Closely spaced Intersections No measures taken to reduce signal delays, No measures for bus route rationalization despite limited route km coverage on BRTS by some routes Open BRT (Not able to cater for the given traffic conditions and available road width on the present pilot BRTS Corridor) Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Typical Illustration Problems on BRTS, Delhi Private Vehicle tend to use the Rampant Parking on NMT lanes empty BRT lanes violating Traffic forcing the NMT users and Rules due to Saturation Flow Pedestrians to use Motor Vehicle during Peak Hours Lanes Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
Typical Illustration Problems on BRTS, Delhi (Contd..) Unused carriageway on BRT lane Kerb separation of BRT and MV near Madangir Pedestrian Lane BROKEN along the highly Crossing Populated Madangir resulting in more violations Presentation by Dr.S..Velmurugan at CSIR-CRRI Colloquium on behalf of Entire Study Team
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