Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Wikidata for Digital Preservation katherine.thornton@yale.edu, morane@sofwareheritage.org 25 March 2018 Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 1 / 39
Outline Introduce sofware preservation as the key to sofware discovery 1 Describe and document sofware through metadata 2 Explore the landscape of sofware ontologies and vocabularies 3 Discover free sofware in Wikidata 4 Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 2 / 39
Wikidata for Digital preservation working group We are... cultural heritage technologists with a mission metadata enthusiasts free sofware advocates Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 3 / 39
Wikidata for Digital preservation working group We are... cultural heritage technologists with a mission metadata enthusiasts free sofware advocates Goals document digital artifacts, sofware and sofware source code promote open standards and libre community vision contribute metadata for sofware preservation Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 3 / 39
Sofware Preservation Many cultural heritage organizations have sofware in their collections What do we want/need to preserve ? sofware binaries sofware source code hardware Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 4 / 39
Sofware Preservation Many cultural heritage organizations have sofware in their collections What do we want/need to preserve ? sofware binaries sofware source code hardware is this enough ? Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 4 / 39
Sofware Preservation Many cultural heritage organizations have sofware in their collections What do we want/need to preserve ? sofware binaries sofware source code hardware is this enough ? What are the risks preserving sofware without the context? Sometimes different sofware resources have the same name Sofware description practices are variable- without the compatible environment metadata lack information necessary for reproducibility if we preserve information about environments we can emulate or virtualize Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 4 / 39
Why now Looking at the past a lot of old sofware misplaced, lost, or behind barriers, but... most legacy founders and the current maintainers are still here, and willing to share urgent to collect their knowledge Only a few years lef. Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 5 / 39
Why now Looking at the past a lot of old sofware misplaced, lost, or behind barriers, but... most legacy founders and the current maintainers are still here, and willing to share urgent to collect their knowledge Only a few years lef. Looking at the future sofware development skyrockets essential to preserve the sofware in its context for the future Every year that goes by makes the problem worse. Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 5 / 39
What are the limitations today with sofware preservation and discovery? Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 6 / 39
Sofware Heritage in a nutshell Collect, preserve and share the source code of all the sofware Preserving our heritage, enabling beter sofware for all Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 7 / 39
Sofware Heritage in a nutshell Collect, preserve and share the source code of all the sofware Preserving our heritage, enabling beter sofware for all Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 7 / 39
Outline Introduce sofware preservation as the key to sofware discovery 1 Describe and document sofware through metadata 2 Explore the landscape of sofware ontologies and vocabularies 3 Discover free sofware in Wikidata 4 Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 8 / 39
Describe and document sofware Why is it important? without description and documentation these resources can’t be located, reused, extended, etc Use cases unique identification sofware reproducibility browse source code with context information sofware citation - cite and be cited semantic search: find sofware by author, version, keywords Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 9 / 39
Describe and document sofware What is sofware ? Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 10 / 39
Describe and document sofware What is sofware ? Sofware as a concept project or entity the community around the project the sofware idea/algorithms/solutions Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 10 / 39
Describe and document sofware What is sofware ? Sofware as a concept Sofware artifact project or entity each revision in source code form the community around the project binaries produced for different the sofware idea/algorithms/solutions environments Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 10 / 39
Describe and document sofware Where can we locate sofware metadata? Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 11 / 39
Describe and document sofware Where can we locate sofware metadata? With the source code part of the sofware repository sofware deposits Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 11 / 39
Describe and document sofware Where can we locate sofware metadata? With the source code In the Source code part of the sofware package management repository CodeMeta.json file sofware deposits (for citation) Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 11 / 39
Describe and document sofware Where can we locate sofware metadata? Registries/Catalogs With the source code In the Source code part of the sofware package management Wikidata repository CodeMeta.json file FSF-directory sofware deposits (for citation) libraries.io Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 11 / 39
With what terms should we describe a sofware artifact ? Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 12 / 39
Outline Introduce sofware preservation as the key to sofware discovery 1 Describe and document sofware through metadata 2 Explore the landscape of sofware ontologies and vocabularies 3 Discover free sofware in Wikidata 4 Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 13 / 39
Sofware ontologies and vocabularies “Ontologies are agreements, made in a social context, to accomplish some objectives. It’s important to understand those objectives, and be guided by them." T. Gruber, The Pragmatics of Ontology, 2003 Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 14 / 39
Sofware ontologies and vocabularies “Ontologies are agreements, made in a social context, to accomplish some objectives. It’s important to understand those objectives, and be guided by them." T. Gruber, The Pragmatics of Ontology, 2003 LOV- Linked open vocabularies “Vocabularies provide the semantic glue enabling data to become meaningful data. ” Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 14 / 39
The landscape of sofware ontologies Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 15 / 39
The landscape of sofware ontologies Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 16 / 39
The landscape of sofware ontologies Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 17 / 39
The landscape of sofware ontologies Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 18 / 39
The landscape of sofware ontologies Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 19 / 39
The landscape of sofware ontologies Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 20 / 39
Outline Introduce sofware preservation as the key to sofware discovery 1 Describe and document sofware through metadata 2 Explore the landscape of sofware ontologies and vocabularies 3 Discover free sofware in Wikidata 4 Katherine Thornton, Morane Gruenpeter Pathways for Discovery of Free Sofware 25 March 2018 21 / 39
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