Overview of the U.S. Army’s Small Arms Overview of the U.S. Army’s Small Arms Live Fire Test and Evaluation Process Live Fire Test and Evaluation Process Presented by David L. Scott David L. Scott Army Evaluation Center (AEC) scottdavid@usaec.army.mil and Dr. Frederick A. Malinoski Dr. Frederick A. Malinoski Survice Engineering Co. malinoskifred@usaec.army.mil 14 Aug 2001
Report Documentation Page Report Date Report Type Dates Covered (from... to) 14Aug2001 N/A - Title and Subtitle Contract Number Overview of the U.S. Army’s Small Arms Live Fire Test Grant Number and Evaluation Program Element Number Author(s) Project Number Scott, David L.; Malinoski, Frederick A. Task Number Work Unit Number Performing Organization Name(s) and Address(es) Performing Organization Report Number ATEC Sponsoring/Monitoring Agency Name(s) and Sponsor/Monitor’s Acronym(s) Address(es) NDIA (National Defense Industrial Association) 211 Sponsor/Monitor’s Report Number(s) Wilson Blvd, STE. 400 Arlington, VA 22201-3061 Distribution/Availability Statement Approved for public release, distribution unlimited Supplementary Notes Proceedings from the 2001 Joint Services Small Arms Symposium, Exhibition & Firing Demonstration 13-16 August 2001 Sponsored by NDIA, The original document contains color images. Abstract Subject Terms Report Classification Classification of this page unclassified unclassified Classification of Abstract Limitation of Abstract unclassified UU Number of Pages 33
Introduction Introduction This briefing does NOT NOT present or reveal results present or reveal results This briefing does or details related to any specific Live Fire or details related to any specific Live Fire Programs. This briefing is an overview from Programs. This briefing is an overview from the LF Evaluator’s perspective of the U.S. the LF Evaluator’s perspective of the U.S. Army’s Live Fire Test and Evaluation process Live Fire Test and Evaluation process Army’s only. only. Army Evaluation Center 2 2
What is Live Fire Test & What is Live Fire Test & Evaluation (LFT&E)? Evaluation (LFT&E)? • Congressionally Mandated by Title 10, United States Code, Sec. 2366. • VULNERABILITY: Firing of threat munitions against combat configured U.S. systems to test their vulnerability. Vulnerability is considered a subset of survivability. (DoD 5000.2-R) Not commonly applicable to Small Arms. • LETHALITY: Firing of U.S. munitions/missiles against combat configured threat systems to test the lethality of munitions/missiles. Lethality is a subset of survivability. (DoD 5000.2-R) • LFT&E must be considered in all phases of the acquisition cycle: Milestone A though C. Army Evaluation Center 3 3
Survivability Survivability • Live Fire is a subset of Survivability • The AEC LFT&E Division: Responsible for ballistic vulnerability and lethality. • The AEC Survivability Division: Responsible for: • Soldier Survivability • Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) • Electronic Warfare • Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) Effects • Nuclear Weapons Effects (NWE) • Information Operations • Effects of Obscurants and Atmospherics An overall System Evaluation Report (SER) may include all or some of the above areas, including lethality . Army Evaluation Center 4 4
Primary Live Fire Primary Live Fire Guidance Guidance • United States Code, Title 10, Section 2366 – Defines qualifications for Live Fire candidates. – It is mandatory that OSD, DOT&E submit an independent evaluation report to Congress prior to full-scale production. • DoD 5000.2-R REQUIRES: – Mission Critical systems shall be survivable to the threat levels anticipated in their operating environment. – Survivability from all threats found in the various levels of conflict shall be considered and fully assessed. • AR 5-11, 70-1, 73-1 • DA Pam 73-6 Army Evaluation Center 5 5
Live Fire Objectives Live Fire Objectives • Conduct a timely and thorough assessment of the assessment of the vulnerability/lethality of a system as it progresses through its vulnerability/lethality development and subsequent production phases. • Provide the decision makers with information on potential user • Provide the decision makers with information casualties, vulnerabilities, and lethality. • LFT&E based upon combat realistic conditions. combat realistic conditions. • Design deficiencies identified to allow correction before LRIP. • Design deficiencies • Battle damage assessment and repair (BDAR BDAR) - (for vulnerability). Army Evaluation Center 6 6
Small Arms Munitions Small Arms Munitions • Munitions =/< 40mm diameter • Weapons: – Rifles, Carbines – Machine Guns, light, medium, heavy – PDW (Personal Defense Weapons) – Grenade Launcher, Grenade Machine Gun – Cannon Caliber Weapons, vehicle or aircraft fired – Hand Grenades • Munitions: – Ball; HE; AP; APDS; APFSDS; HEAB; HEPD; API; HEI; SAPHEI; HESC; etc. Annual Small Arms Live Fire Review Meeting at Picatinny Arsenal Army Evaluation Center 7 7
Qualified for Live Fire? Qualified for Live Fire? Major system that Major system that 1,000,000 1,000,000 provides protection provides protection Rounds Rounds for user for user Live Fire Live Fire (vulnerability) (vulnerability) Oversight List Oversight List Product Product Improvement Improvement Program (PIP) Program (PIP) Funding : FY80 (FY01): Funding : FY80 (FY01): RDT&E: $75M ($143M) RDT&E: $75M ($143M) Total Procurement: $300M ($531M) Total Procurement: $300M ($531M) OSD Designates LF Candidates Army Evaluation Center 8 8
Small Arms on 2001 Small Arms on 2001 LF Oversight List LF Oversight List OICW OICW OCSW OCSW XM1001 40mm Cartridge XM1001 40mm Cartridge XM96 LFHG XM96 LFHG Test Item Must Be Production Representative! Army Evaluation Center 9 9
Live Fire Team Live Fire Team DUSA (OR) DUSA (OR) AEC AEC OSD, DOT&E, OSD, DOT&E, SME SME LFT&E LFT&E CONTRACTOR CONTRACTOR ATC ARL ATC ARL TSM TSM AMSAA AMSAA DTC DTC PMO PMO Live Fire IPT Live Fire IPT Army Evaluation Center 10 10
Evaluator’s Mission Evaluator’s Mission Independent Evaluator for Army Chair of the Live Fire IPT Develop Live Fire Strategy Develop Live Fire Event Design Plan Witness Testing Write Live Fire System Evaluation Report Army Evaluation Center 11 11
Evaluator’s Documents Evaluator’s Documents • System Evaluation Plan (SEP) – Defines overall evaluation criteria and plan • LF Strategy – Section 4 of TEMP Live Fire Strategy Live Fire Strategy – Defines LF Shots, test scope, cost, resources – Required for Milestone A and B TEMP Updates – Approved by DUSA (OR) and OSD, DOT&E • Event Design Plan (EDP) – Defines shotlines – Feeds DTP • System Evaluation Report (SER) – Compares Test and Modeling results to requirements and criteria – Approved by DUSA (OR); forwarded to OSD, DOT&E – Feeds OSD, DOT&E Evaluation Report for Congress Army Evaluation Center 12 12
Tester’s Documents Tester’s Documents • Detailed Test Plan (DTP) – Approved by DUSA (OR) and OSD, DOT&E • Detailed Test Report (DTR) – Approved by DTC Detailed Test Report Detailed Test Report – Feeds SER – Forwarded to DUSA (OR) and OSD, DOT&E Army Evaluation Center 13 13
Live Fire Strategy & EDP Live Fire Strategy & EDP Approval Process Approval Process ATEC TD ATEC TD Live Fire Strategy Live Fire Strategy Dir. AEC AEC Dir. ATEC CG ATEC CG Event Design Plan Event Design Plan DUSA (OR) DUSA (OR) TEMP Section 4 TEMP Section 4 OSD, DOT&E OSD, DOT&E Includes LF Strategy Includes LF Strategy Army Evaluation Center 14 14
LFT&E Program Build LFT&E Program Build Approach Approach Blue = Intel Document Green = User Document Spec Purple = ATEC Document 1 Requirements 0.9 0.8 Yellow = PMO Document 0.7 ORD 0.6 Pd/h 0.5 0.4 Tan = Tester Document Requirements 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Velocity (fps) MNS Identify Determine required Critical Issues tests and methods of Identify Data Review evaluation to fill COIC Voids Previous remaining data voids (Threats/Components Tests & not tested) Analysis STAR LFT&E Strategy Develop Threat TEMP Conduct Matrix Test(s) & Evaluation(s) Event Design System Detailed Plan Test Evaluation Detailed Test Report(s) Report Plan(s) Army Evaluation Center 15 15
Data Sources Data Sources • Live Fire Tests • All data may be used for Live Fire Evaluation – DT and OT All Testing is All Testing is Live Fire Testing Live Fire Testing – Must validate data from Non-Live Fire Tests – Witness Non-Live Fire Tests • Government Tests • Contractor Tests Develop LF Evaluation Criteria, Design Live Fire Tests IAW Criteria, and Evaluate Test Results IAW Criteria. Army Evaluation Center 16 16
Targets in Small Arms LFT Targets in Small Arms LFT • Personnel Simulants - Plywood Mannequins • Orthogonal panels are sufficiently 3-D • Records shotline location, direction, and hole geometry • Provides input to ComputerMan Model • Materiel Targets • Unarmored Vehicles • Light Armor Vehicles • Helicopters • Fixed Wing Aircraft • Self Propelled Anti-Aircraft Guns and Air Defense Systems • Surrogates Army Evaluation Center 17 17
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