Overview of global trends in international migration and - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Overview of global trends in international migration and urbanization Sabine Henning Population Division, DESA UN Expert Group Meeting on Sustainable Cities, Human Mobility and International Migration New York, 7-8 September 2017

International Migration

Number of international migrants by region of destination, 2000 and 2015 244 World 172 76 Europe 56 2015 75 Asia 2000 49 54 Northern America 40 21 Africa 15 Nearly 2/3 of all 9 Latin America and the Caribbean international migrants 7 live in Europe and Asia 8 Oceania 5 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Percentage female among all international migrants, 2015 Women comprise slightly less than half of all international migrants. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Median age among international migrants and by region of destination, 2000 and 2015 29 Africa 2015 27 2000 35 Asia 35 36 Latin America and the Caribbean 40 42 Northern America 38 43 Europe 41 Median age of 44 Oceania international migrants 45 Worldwide was 39 years, 39 World compared to 29.6 years 38 for the total population age (years) 0 10 20 30 40 50 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015 Almost half of all international migrants 104 Asia worldwide were born in 68 Asia 62 Europe 2015 52 2000 37 Latin America and the Caribbean 26 34 Africa 23 4 Northern America 3 2 Oceania 1 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 Number of migrants (millions) Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Number of international migrants by region of origin, 2000 and 2015 In many parts of the World, migration occurs primarily within major areas Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

Components of population change - Africa and Europe compared Net international migration is slowing population decline in Europe 70 – in Africa, it has hardly 420 60 any effect 370 50 Europe 320 40 Africa 30 270 millions millions 20 220 10 170 0 120 -10 70 -20 20 -30 -30 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1950- 1960- 1970- 1980- 1990- 2000- 2010- 2020- 2030- 2040- 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Net international migration Total net population change Natural change Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). Trends in International Migrant Stock: The 2015 Revision. (United Nations database, POP/DB/MIG/Stock/Rev.2015).

URBANIZATION

Urban and rural population of the world, 1950-2050 A majority of the world’s population lives in urban areas 7.0 6.0 Population (billions) Urban 5.0 Rural 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050 Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Urban and rural population as proportion of total population, 1950-2050 Proportion urban of total population (per cent) Urbanization has 100 occurred in all regions, 90 but Africa and Asia 80 remain mostly rural 70 60 50 40 81.6 79.8 73.6 70.8 30 47.8 2015: 20 40.4 10 0 Africa Asia Europe Latin America and Northern America Oceania 1950-2050 the Caribbean Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

World’s population by size class of settlement, 1990 -2030 9 Close to half of the world’s urban population lives in settlements > 10 mill. 8 with fewer than 500,000 inhabitants 5 – 10 mill. 7 1 – 5 mill. 500,000 Population (billions) 6 - 1 mill. 5 < 500,000 4 3 2 rural 1 0 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Rural Fewer than 500 000 500 000 to 1 million 1 to 5 million 5 to 10 million 10 million or more Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Global urban population by size class of settlement, 1990-2030 6,000 5,000 41 cities Population (millions) 63 cities 4,000 31 cities 45 cities 558 cities 3,000 436 cities 10 cities 731 cities 551 cities 21 cities 2,000 239 cities 294 cities 1,000 0 1990 2016 2030 <500,000 500,000-1 mill. 1-5 mill. 5-10 mill. >10 mill. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Percentage urban and location of urban agglomerations with at least 5000,000 inhabitants, 2014 Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Growth rates of the world’s cities, 2000 -2016 Most of the world’s Fastest growing cities are located in Asia and Africa Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision.

Governments with policies or strategies in the past five years to encourage population redistribution, 2015 The majority of countries have policies 100 in place to reduce rural 100 to urban migration 87 80 80 72 72 72 70 60 48 46 39 40 34 20 14 7 0 0 World Africa Asia Europe Latin America Northern Oceania and the America Reduce rural to urban migration Caribbean Decentralize large urban centres to smaller urban, suburban or rural areas Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2016): World Population Policies Database: The 2015 Revision

Cities’ risk of exposure to natural disasters, 2014 Many cities are vulnerable to at least one type of natural disaster Note: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Source: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2014): World Urbanization Prospects: The 2014 Revision; Gu and others (2015). Risk of exposure and vulnerability to natural disasters at the city level: a global overview. Technical Paper No. 2015/2, Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations.

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