Overview of Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Gavin Dillingham, PhD, - Director SW CHP TAP May 2, 2018
DOE CHP Technical Assistance Partnerships (CHP TAPs) End User Engagement • Partner with strategic End Users to advance technical solutions using CHP as a cost effective and resilient way to ensure American competitiveness, utilize local fuels and enhance energy security. CHP TAPs offer fact-based, non-biased engineering support to manufacturing, commercial, institutional and federal facilities and campuses. Stakeholder Engagement • Engage with strategic Stakeholders, including regulators, utilities, and policy makers, to identify and reduce the barriers to using CHP to advance regional efficiency, promote energy independence and enhance the nation’s resilient grid. CHP TAPs provide fact - based, non-biased education to advance sound CHP programs and www.energy.gov/chp policies. Technical Services • As leading experts in CHP (as well as microgrids, heat to power, and district energy) the CHP TAPs work with sites to screen for CHP opportunities as well as provide advanced services to maximize the economic impact and reduce the risk of CHP from initial CHP screening to installation.
DOE CHP Technical Assistance Partnerships (CHP TAPs) Tarla T. Toomer, Ph.D. Patti Garland Ted Bronson DOE CHP Deployment CHP Deployment Manager DOE CHP TAP Coordinator [contractor] DOE CHP TAP Coordinator [contractor] Office of Energy Efficiency and Office of Energy Efficiency and Office of Energy Efficiency and Program Contacts Renewable Energy Renewable Energy Renewable Energy U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Energy www.energy.gov/CHPTAP Tarla.Toomer@ee.doe.gov Patricia.Garland@ee.doe.gov tbronson@peaonline.com
Agenda ▪ CHP Overview ▪ The State of CHP ▪ CHP and Resilience of Critical Infrastructure ▪ Project Snapshots ▪ How to work with CHP TAP
CHP Overview
CHP: A Key Part of Our Energy Future ▪ Form of of Dis Distrib ibuted Gen eneration (DG (DG) ▪ An in integ egrated system ▪ Loc Located ed at t or or nea ear a build ildin ing / / facili cility ▪ Provid ides at t lea least t a por ortion of of th the e ele elect ctric ical loa load and ▪ Uses es th ther ermal l en ener ergy for or: o Space Heating / Cooling CHP CHP pr provides s e efficient, cl clean, reli eliable, , affordable ene energy – o Process Heating / Cooling to today an and f for or the fu future. o Dehumidification Source: www.energy.gov/chp
Common CHP Technologies Microturbines Gas Turbines Reciprocating Engines Fuel Cells Steam Turbines 50 kW 100 kW 10 MW 1 MW 20 MW
CHP System Schematic Electricity On-Site Consumption Sold to Utility Prime Mover Generator Fuel Reciprocating Engines Natural Gas Combustion Turbines Propane Microturbines Thermal Biogas Steam Turbines Steam Landfill Gas Fuel Cells Hot Water Coal ORC turbine Space Heating Steam Process Heating Waste Products Space Cooling Others Process Cooling Refrigeration Dehumidification Heat Exchanger
What Are the Benefits of CHP? ▪ CHP is more effic icient than separate generation of electricity and heating/cooling ▪ Higher efficiency translates to lo lower operating costs (but requires capital investment) ▪ Higher efficiency reduces emis issions of pollutants ▪ CHP can also increase energy relia liabil ility and enhance power quality
Emerging National Drivers for CHP ▪ Benefits of CHP recognized by DOE / EPA CHP Report (8/2012) policymakers o State Portfolio Standards (RPS, EEPS), Tax Incentives, Grants, standby rates, etc. ▪ Favorable outlook for natural gas supply and price in North America ▪ Opportunities created by environmental drivers ▪ Utilities finding economic value ▪ Energy resiliency and critical infrastructure http://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufacturing/distributede nergy/pdfs/chp_clean_energy_solution.pdf
The State of CHP
CHP Today in the United States • 82.6 GW of installed CHP at nearly 4,400 industrial and commercial facilities • 8% of U.S. Electric Generating Capacity; 14% of Manufacturing • Avoids more than 1.8 quadrillion Btus of fuel consumption annually • Avoids 241 million metric tons of CO 2 compared to separate production Slide prepared on 5-30-17
Total CHP by State Slide prepared on 5-30-17
CHP Additions by Application (2013-2016) *This includes 91 expansions to existing CHP systems Slide prepared on 5-30-17
CHP Additions by State (2013-2016) *This includes 91 expansions to existing CHP systems Slide prepared on 5-30-17
Wher ere e is s th the R e Rem emaining aining Poten ential tial for CHP? P? October 11, 2016
The Potential for Additional CHP Is Nationwide October 11, 2016
CHP and Resilience
Critical Infrastructure and Resiliency Benefits of CHP “Critical infrastructure” refers to those assets, systems, and networks that, if incapacitated, would have a substantia ial negativ ive imp mpact on on nati tion onal securit ity, nati tion onal l econ onomic securit ity, or or nati tion onal l public health and safety.” Patr trio iot Act t of 20 2001 01 Sectio tion 10 1016 16 (e) ) Appli licatio ions: CHP (if properly configured): CHP ▪ Hospitals and healthcare centers ▪ Offers the opportunity to improve ▪ Critical Infrastructure (CI) Water / wastewater treatment plants resiliency ▪ Police, fire, and public safety ▪ Can continue to operate, ▪ Centers of refuge (often schools or providing uninterrupted supply of universities) electricity and heating/cooling to ▪ Military/National Security the host facility ▪ Food distribution facilities ▪ Telecom and data centers
CHP Design for Resilience ▪ One estimate states th that over $1 $150 50 bill illio ion per r year is is los lost by y U.S .S. in industries s due to o ele lectric network relia liabil ilit ity proble lems ▪ CHP systems desi signed for or resi sili lience will ill in incu cur ad additional l costs ($4 ($45 - $1 $170 70/kW dependin ing on on comple lexit ity of of system) ▪ These ad addit itional l costs s however provid ide im important resili ilience benefit its to o th the si site, an and to o th the community at t lar large Sou ource ce: : htt https:/ ://www1.eere.energy.gov/manufactu turing/distrib ributedenergy/pdfs/chp_crit ritica cal_faci cilities.pdf
CHP versus Backup Generation CHP CHP Backup Ge Bac Generation • Designed and maintained to run • Only used during emergencies System continuously Per erfor ormance • Improved performance reliability • Natural gas infrastructure typically • Limited by on-site storage Fuel Fuel Su Supp pply ly not impacted by severe weather • May be configured for “flicker - free” • Lag time may impact critical system Tran ansit itio ion fr from om transfer from grid connection to performance Grid Power Grid “island mode” • Electricity • Electricity Ene Energy Su Supply • Thermal (heating, cooling, hot/chilled water) • Typically natural gas fueled • Commonly burn diesel fuel • Achieve greater system efficiencies Emissio Emi ions (80%) • Lower emissions
Critical Infrastructure Texas CHP Legislation ▪ Crit ritical l In Infrastructure Le Legis islation: ▪ TX HB HB 1831 and HB HB 4409 – passed ed in in 2009 ▪ TX HB HB 1864 passed ed in in 2013 – req equires SECO to o devel elop gu guid ideli lines ▪ Requir ires all all cri critical l governmental l facili ilitie ies to formall lly con onsider th the feasib ibili ility of of im implementin ing Com ombin ined Heat an and Power (C (CHP) technology prio rior to: ▪ New con onstruction or or extensiv ive renovati tion ▪ Imp mple lementatio ion cos ost is $2 mi milli lion on or or mo more, base based on on the the ini nitia ial l cos ost es estim timate. (34 (34 TAC C Cha Chapter 19, Su Subchapter C, C, Rule Rule 19.33) ) ▪ Rep epla lacin ing majo jor hea eati ting ven entila tilation and air ir con ondit itionin ing eq equip ipment of of cri criti tical l build ildin ings and facil ciliti ties Source: http://www.seco.cpa.state.tx.us/chp/HB1864guidelines.pdf 22
Project Snapshot
Project Snapshot: Cost Savings University of Texas - Austin Austin, TX Application/Industry: University Capacity: 137 MW Prime Mover: Combined cycle gas turbine; steam turbine Fuel Type: Natural gas Thermal Use: Space heating, cooling and water heating Installation Year: 1929 Emissions Savings: Reduces CO 2 emissions by 82,000 tons/year Testimonial: “We’ve been able to produce twice the amount of energy, for twice the amount of square footage, with the same amount of fuel, for a 10-year period. Everyone could do that — I’m not the only one. These are all proven technologies that you can implement right now.” - Juan Ontiveras, Associate VP, Utilities, Energy & Facilities Management Slide prepared 6/2017
Project Snapshot: LEED Platinum Dell Children’s Medical Center of Central Texas Austin, TX Capacity: 4.6 MW Fuel: Natural gas Prime Mover: Combustion turbine Installed: 2009 Highlights: First healthcare facility in the world to achieve a LEED Platinum certification by the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) Slide prepared 6/2017
Recommend
More recommend
