OPEN DEFECATION FREE CITIES PAS PROJECT, CEPT UNIVERSITY, INDIA - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

OPEN DEFECATION FREE CITIES PAS PROJECT, CEPT UNIVERSITY, INDIA

Contents I. Present scenario i. Current sanitation scenario ii. Schemes and programmes for sanitation improvement iii. Performance Improvement Plans under PAS for ‘Open Defecation Free’ status iv. Issues and practices related to community and individual toilets II. Proposal for ODF i. Present toilet schemes in PIP cities ii. Strategy for ODF plan iii. Scenario I - Achieving ODF status through provision of Individual and Shared Toilets iv. Scenario II -Achieving ODF status through provision of Individual and Community Toilets v. Scenario III-Achieving ODF status through provision of Community Toilets vi. Strategy for IEC campaign III. Class ‘A’ city-wise proposal for ODF status i. Achalpur vi. Chandrapur xi. Panvel ii. Ambernath vii. Gondia xii. Parbhani iii. Barshi viii. Ichalkarnji xiii. Satara iv. Beed ix. Jalna xiv. Wardha v. Bhusawal x. Latur xv. Yavatmal

Present scenario I i. Current sanitation scenario ii. Schemes and programmes for sanitation improvement iii. Performance Improvement Plans under PAS for ‘Open Defecation Free’ cities iv. Issues practices related to community and individual toilets

Sanitation in Urban India  31.16% of population, i.e. 377 million people or 79 million households live in urban areas–projections indicated that the urban population was to be 368 million by 2012  9.9 million (12.6 %) urban households do not have access to latrines and defecate in the open  14.8 million (6%) urban households depend on public latrines  14.37 million (18%) households do not have access to a drainage network  29.38 million (37%) households are connected to open drains Census 2011, National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP), 2010 Access to toilet facility (%) Census Census NSSO DLHS NFHS DLHS 2011 2001 2002 2002-03 2005-06 2007-08 Gujarat 91 76 83 79 88 82 Maharashtra 92 53 - 58 87 81 India 87 63 - 66 82 76

Sanitation Ladder (Urban)–Census 2011 Maharashtra Gujarat 5 Sewerage Connection Sewerage Connection Individual Individual 39% 63% Toilet Toilet On-site Disposal On-site Disposal 71% 88% 34% 27% Using Community and Using Community and Shared Toilets Shared Toilets 21.0%** 3.6%** Open Defecation Open Defecation 7.7 % (8.3 Lakh HHs) 8.7% (4.7 Lakhs HHs) Safe Disposal 69% 87% • 23% of cities report no data in Maharashtra • Source: PAS 1st Round data for Gujarat, Maharashtra ** Assuming all community and shared toilets to be connected to safe systems

National Urban Sanitation Policy, 2008  Ministry of Urban Development officially launched a country- wide National Urban Sanitation Policy (NUSP) with an objective to call upon individual states to draft their own strategies based on the NUSP and taking account of their own specific circumstances  The policy provides the necessary framework to states to approach urban sanitation in an integrated manner Vision All Indian cities and towns become totally sanitised, healthy and liveable and ensure and sustain good public health and environmental outcomes for all their citizens with a special focus on hygienic and affordable sanitation facilities for the urban poor and women

Scheme/Programme in Gujarat and Maharashtra Central: VAMBAY Scheme for Community Toilet (20% budget earmarked for  community toilet blocks) Integrated low cost sanitation (ILCS) is the only stand alone programme in the  country Slum Improvement programme like Environmental Improvement of Urban  Slums (EIUS), Urban Basic Services for Poor (UBSP), National Slum Development Programme (NSDP), Integrated Housing and Slum Development Programme (IHSDP) State: Maharashtra Sant Gadge Baba Clean City Campaign  Nirmal Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) Abhiyan of Mumbai  Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) scheme – 18 Cities Maharashtra Sujal and Nirmal Abhiyan  State: Gujarat Nirmal Gujarat Sanitation Programme 

Integrated Low Cost Sanitation (ILCS) The salient features of the revised guidelines Provided in 2008 are as follows: The objective of the Scheme is to convert/construct low-cost sanitation units into sanitary two pit pour  flush latrines with superstructures and appropriate variations to suit local conditions (area specific latrines) Construct new latrines where households have dry latrines or no latrines including slums  Scheme is ‘on All Town’ coverage basis. The Scheme is limited to EWS households only  Targets were fixed initially in the ratio of 75% for conversion of dry latrines with reference to 6 lakhs dry  latrines reported by the States so far and 25% for provision of pour flush latrines to beneficiaries having no latrines Funding Pattern: Central Subsidy-75%, State Subsidy-15% and Beneficiary Share-10%  The upper ceiling cost of Rs. 10,000/- is provided for the complete unit of a two pit pour flush individual  latrine with superstructure (excluding States falling in difficult/hilly areas) 1% of total central allocation is retained by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation  (MoHUPA) every year, to be utilised for MIS, Monitoring System, Capacity Building and IEC components Target Revised ILCS Scheme is to convert six lakh dry latrines as reported by the States as on March 2010  Physical and Financial Progress of the ILCS Scheme as on 04.03.2011 Name of the State No. of units No. of units in No. of Utilisation sanctioned completed units in Certificates progress Received (Rs. in crore) Maharahstra 12,237 1,616 199 0.85 India 30,2761 2,08,809 28,253 107.02

VAMBAY Scheme for Community Toilet Pay & Use toilet construction under Night Shelter Scheme was merged with  VAMBAY 20% budget earmarked for toilet block construction as sanitation component  Provision of construction of pay & use and community toilet blocks under the  scheme HUDCO is the implementing agency for Pay & Use toilet  An NGO or a community based organisation maintains the units  The beneficiary community pays a small fixed monthly amount for maintenance  of the toilet 2,663 community toilet blocks have been constructed against 2,809 sanctioned  toilets in Maharashtra under 10 th Five Year Plan Construction cost is approximately Rs. 40,000 per toilet seat 

Nirmal MMR Abhiyan of MMRDA - 2007 The Central Government had decided to eradicate the  Actual Target Target Achieved practice of open defecation prior to 2009 Name of ULB Sites Seats Sites Seats The Government of Maharashtra took a policy decision  Thane 361 7101 339 6672 to provide sanitation facilities (community toilet blocks) Kalyan- Dombivli 192 3112 189 3051 including operation and maintenance of these facilities Mira- in the jurisdiction of municipal corporation/councils in Bhayander 152 3016 142 2737 the state except Municipal Corporation of Greater Ulhasnagar 163 2633 156 2501 Mumbai Bhivandi- Nizampur 207 4416 183 3978 Decided to construct 24,000 toilet seat at a cost of Rs. 250  Ambernath 72 1414 52 1021 crore Kulgaon- Badlapur 27 256 18 150 Covered 13 municipal corporations and 5 municipal  Vasai 11 156 5 60 councils Navghar Manikpur 7 110 7 110 100% grant provided by MMRDA. The ULB has to check  Nalasopara 7 68 1 10 the quality and provision of land, water and electricity. Virar 7 88 4 64 The NGO’s role includes designing, implementation, Karjat 22 240 14 148 community mobilisation, IEC etc. The community’s role Khopoli 28 615 12 216 includes operation and maintenance Matheran 5 83 0 0 Nirmal Abhiyan accelerated employment opportunities  Panvel 9 84 5 50 Project received immense support of the local bodies and Uran 2 12 0 0  corporates Pen 17 329 17 329 Alibag 1 15 0 0 At present, approximately 7,60,000 people are using  Total 1290 23748 1144 21097 these toilets daily at an average of 40 people per seat

Maharashtra Sujal and Nirmal Abhiyan Toilet management 1 Survey of individual and public toilets in the city  Aims at basic infrastructural 2 Detailed action plan and annual budget provisions improvements for toilets  Improved operational and financial 3 Repair unserviceable public toilets in city management to ensure effective service provision to all its urban citizens 4 Repair existing toilets in slums and construct  Performance measures to be implemented additional toilets in all water, sanitation, solid waste 5 Repair toilets available for the female users in the management and storm water drainage city. Construct adequate toilets sectors  ULBs to commit to reforms and enter 6 Repair existing toilets and construct adequate into a Memorandum of toilets for schools Association (MOA) with the State  Status report and action plan for reforms 7 Private Sector/NGO participation for efficient O&M of public toilets to be submitted to District Collector and Government of Maharashtra 8 Connect public toilets to sewerage system in a city 9 Connect individual toilets to city sewerage system 10 Abandon the practice of open defecation