Conference on forest fires prevention, preparedness and lessons learnt after forest fires season 2017 ITALIAN CIVIL PROTECTION DEPARTMENT Podgorica 22 February 2018
AGENDA Italian Forest Fire Fight legislation and organization; Debriefing season 2017 and Lessons Learned; Forest Fire Fleet preparedness 2018.
Italian legislative framework on forest fires
Legislative Framework ITALIAN NATIONAL REGULATION ON FOREST FIRES (LAW n ° 353/2000) • The REGIONS have the responsibility for prevision, prevention and fire - fighting activities (reconnaissance, surveillance, alarm and fire extinguishing, with ground teams and regional fleet aircraft) They are autonomous and have full authority; • The STATE have the responsibility of contributing to fire- fighting activities in support of Region with the State Air Fleet.
Legislative Framework REGIONAL ACTIVITIES ITALIAN NATIONAL REGULATION ON FOREST FIRES (LAW n ° 353/2000) Regional Plan is a procedure and coordination tool for all “forest fires activities” at regional level. Fire fighting activities: Procedures and communication Knowledge of the flow; phenomenon and Regional Ops Room; its impact on the Coordination of human and territory instrumental resources; Prevention activities Prevision activities: predict forest management scenario of risk conditions and information to for FF the population
Legislative Framework NATIONAL ACTIVITIES ITALIAN NATIONAL REGULATION ON FOREST FIRES (LAW n ° 353/2000) Italian Civil Protection Department (ICPD): ICPD coordinates the fire fighting State air fleet by the Combined Air Operation Centre (COAU) ICPD supports regional activities in case of citizens or infrastructures are involved.
ITALIAN NATIONAL REGULATION • The ICPD calls periodical plenary meetings with all administrations involved (Regions, National Fire Corps, Military, Private Company, Ministry of Agriculture and Health, etc.) • President of the Council of Ministers signs and delivers the Operational Recommendations for forest fires and wildland- urban interface fires for the summer season; • Training school camps , information campaign to the population and support to voluntary training activities.
Legislative Framework NATIONAL ACTIVITIES ITALIAN NATIONAL REGULATION National Forest Fire Forecast Bulletin The ICPD issues a daily Bulletin containing the predict scenario with the risk conditions to ignition and spread of forest fires. It’s a combination of numerical model and expert evaluation. It’s distributed to all national and regional stakeholders. It’s an useful support to state air fleet daily set up;
Forest Fires Debriefing season 2017
Summer 2017: Temperature and Rainfall analysis Rainfall compared to historical mean values Temperature compared to historical mean values June 2017 June 2017 July 2017 July 2017 August 2017 More red more negative different compared to August 2017 historical mean values
State air fleet Comparison requests/flights hours 1st January – 31th December 2007 - 2017 Requests Flights Hours 13188 14000 11686 10634 9098 10500 6646 5383 5854 7000 5287 5666 2735 2306 3168 1368 957 1025 1625 2234 2650 3500 749 1049 1136 428 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 0 2015 2016 2017
State air fleet Fire fighting activities 1st January – 31th December 2017 Requests Flight hours STATE FLEET 2.650 13.188 REGIONAL FLEET 2.500 13.700 TOTAL 5.150 26.888
Positions of the FFF aerial requests from June 15 to October 31, 2017 Integrated National Civil Protection System ITALY 14
Debriefing Forest Fire season 2017 Copernicus emergency management service Rapid Mapping Copernicus monitoring system has been activated for several forest fires in Rapid Mapping mode for requesting mapping of damage. From 13th July for the forest fires in the center and south of Italy From 27th October for the forest fires in the Piemonte region .
Eu BUFFER 2017 n.2 CL-415 Period Nation Flight Hours Drops 18 – 25 june Portugal 108 400 25 – 27 june France 16 68
International Support in Italy Flight Partecipating Period Drops States hours France 28 172 13 – 14 July France 29 100 28 – 29 Aug. Morocco 48 104 29 Aug – 4 Sep Croatia 46 134 29 Oct – 2 Nov Switzerland 22 129 30 Oct – 1 Nov France 12 26 1 Nov
EU-Buffer Capacity June the 15th to sept. the 30th 107 107 day ays of readin iness but 44 day 44 ays NOT AVAILA LABLE BLE due to fire emergency (Compe pell llin ing Reasons ns) 18
Flight Safety Main technical issues Reduced availability of Aircraft during the campaign due to : (National Compelling Reasons) Stops airplane for damage (3 cables and damaged airplane keel impact events); Stops airplane for engine changes, necessarily anticipated because flew ; Stops airplane for ‘’base maintenance’’ inspections because flew required; 19
June – September total CANADAIR flying hours activity 2017 9600.00 2012 2007 2003 8400.00 7200.00 6000.00 Flying hours 4800.00 3600.00 2400.00 1200.00 0.00 1-Jun 8-Jun 15-Jun 22-Jun 29-Jun 6-Jul 13-Jul 20-Jul 27-Jul 3-Aug 10-Aug 17-Aug 24-Aug 31-Aug 7-Sep 14-Sep 21-Sep 28-Sep 20 Data
Crews limit extended beyond limits 24 hours / 7dd - PMAX 2017 20 160 18 140 16 120 14 100 12 10 80 18 8 60 15 1314 6 12 1111 40 10 9 9 9 4 8 8 1 6 4 3 1 6 3 2 4 4 5 4 20 2 4 3 2 0 2 0 0 N° piloti con estensione dei limiti oltre le 24 ore Ore di volo 21
Strictly Private and Confidential Flight Safety Main operational issues Three cases of aircraft that have impacted power lines cables. Needs to mitigate this risk exposure. Mitigating Action: Corporate working group with the aim of : Reduce Crew exposure to risks; Analyze the State and regional legislation; Develop an integrated system of actions addressed to stakeholders; Improving knowledge of Power lines of high and medium voltage position (mapping on board) I-DPCT – Porto di Sant’Agata di Militello DOS air force training aimed at a better knowledge of operating procedures 22 www.babcockinternational.com
Forest Fire Fight 2017 Lessons Learned
• Strong Points ▪ The centrality of the Italian Civil Protection Department and its coordination activity with all involved stakeholder; ▪ No victims: good prediction risk and preventive evacuation; ▪ Capability to generate human resources and flight hours during the emergency. Defense, Regional and State fleets Operators; ▪ Inter-regional twinning: exchange of human resources and equipment.
Critical Points & Lessons Learned ▪ During flight operations, strong or absence of wind has limited the flights due to turbulence or presence of smoke; - Use of Infrared Camera. ▪ Lack of information on the fires and low Situation Awareness about crises in progress, unable to make Fire analysis, choice of the asset, interventions, prioritization; ▪ Communication flow between COAU / Director of firefighting ops (DOS) / Pilots / Regional Ops room / Firefighter ineffective; - Improvement of procedures and SUITABLE standardization in case of crisis.
Critical Points & Lessons Learned ▪ Flight Hours to transfer approximately 40% of total on the fire (crew change, distance from airport, distance from sea/lake) - Use of mobile tanks; - Monitoring water source natural and artificial basin. ▪ Aerial work, often frustrated by limited mop-up (Lack of boots on the ground) - Improvement of procedures. ▪ Emergency in Northern Italy: request for water source beyond the border. Slow procedure between regional prefectures Italy / France ; - Improvement of procedures & exercise to test agreement in force.
Critical Points & Lessons Learned ▪ Not only the number is increased, but the severity and size of fire ; - Needs to adapt procedure end equipment to new environment challenge ▪ Request concentrated in the afternoon. Limited using assets; ▪ Limited use of retardant for environmental risk and load timing; ▪ State Forestry Corps reform: the Transition phase has been not easy to match with one of the worst season in our history.
Critical Points & Lessons Learned ▪ Needs of aerial reconnaissance in critical situation; ▪ A huge amount of Wildland-Urban Interface Fires. All aerial fleet capacity diverted near urban areas. Consequently, low capability to dedicate for F.F.F. but: ✓ NO VICTIMS; ✓ Containing fronts on crucial areas; ✓ Positive perception of Government presence.
Forest Fire Debriefing season 2017 Debriefing Season 2017 • The forest fires season in 2017 has been very demanding both in terms of forest fire interventions and civil protection interventions to support the population and infrastructures; • We have gathered information on the AIB regional systems that operated in 2017; • The ICPD has organized and structured an extensive institutional debriefing activity on the season 2017 with the Regions and the administrations involved. • The aim has been to examine the overall trend of the season, identify critical issues and the good practices sharing solutions for the benefit of the entire system.
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