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No Symbol Left Behind a Link-Layer Protocol for Rateless Codes - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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No Symbol Left Behind a Link-Layer Protocol for Rateless Codes Peter Iannucci Jonathan Perry Hari Balakrishnan Devavrat Shah MIT Wednesday, August 29, 12 Preview of Key Ideas Wednesday, August 29, 12 Preview of Key Ideas 1.

  1. No Symbol Left Behind a Link-Layer Protocol for Rateless Codes Peter Iannucci • Jonathan Perry Hari Balakrishnan • Devavrat Shah MIT Wednesday, August 29, 12

  2. Preview of Key Ideas Wednesday, August 29, 12

  3. Preview of Key Ideas 1. Transmission Schedules & Rateless Codes ... ? ? ? ? 0 1 2 3 4 Wednesday, August 29, 12

  4. Preview of Key Ideas 1. Transmission Schedules & Rateless Codes ... ? ? ? ? 0 1 2 3 4 2. Backward Induction Wednesday, August 29, 12

  5. Preview of Key Ideas 1. Transmission Schedules & Rateless Codes ... ? ? ? ? 0 1 2 3 4 2. Backward Induction P(decoded) 3. The Decoding CDF 1 0 # of symbols Wednesday, August 29, 12

  6. Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) Start error? payload NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  7. Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) Start error? redundancy NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  8. Type II HARQ NAK Start error? error? payload redundancy NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  9. Type II HARQ NAK Start error? error? payload redundancy NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  10. Type II HARQ NAK Start error? error? payload redundancy NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  11. Type II HARQ NAK Start error? error? payload redundancy NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  12. Type II HARQ NAK Start error? error? payload redundancy NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  13. Type II HARQ NAK Start error? error? payload redundancy NAK ACK Wednesday, August 29, 12

  14. Transmission Schedule error? error? payload redundancy Wednesday, August 29, 12

  15. Transmission Schedule error? error? ? ? Feedback interval: 0 1 Wednesday, August 29, 12

  16. Transmission Schedule (5, 5) error? error? ? ? Feedback interval: 0 1 Wednesday, August 29, 12

  17. Rateless Codes • Prefix property (variable-length decoder) • Code is stronger when prefix is longer • Characterized by decoding CDF • (Potentially) also: • unlimited length • no need to pick constellation • tolerates arbitrary erasures Wednesday, August 29, 12

  18. Rateless Codes Aggressive ... ? ? ? ? Feedback interval: 0 1 2 3 4 Wednesday, August 29, 12

  19. Rateless Codes Aggressive ... ? ? ? ? Feedback interval: 0 1 2 3 4 Moderate ... ? ? ? Feedback interval: 0 1 2 3 Conservative ... ? ? Feedback interval: 0 1 2 Wednesday, August 29, 12

  20. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Legend Strategy still unknown Wednesday, August 29, 12

  21. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Legend Strategy still unknown Wednesday, August 29, 12

  22. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Legend Strategy still unknown Wednesday, August 29, 12

  23. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Legend Strategy still unknown Wednesday, August 29, 12

  24. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Legend Strategy still unknown Wednesday, August 29, 12

  25. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Legend Strategy still unknown Wednesday, August 29, 12

  26. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Legend Strategy still unknown Strategy to be found Wednesday, August 29, 12

  27. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Immediate cost to send so many symbols Legend Strategy still unknown Strategy to be found Wednesday, August 29, 12

  28. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Immediate cost to send so many symbols Legend Strategy still unknown Cost of best fall-back Strategy to be found plan (in event of NAK) Wednesday, August 29, 12

  29. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Immediate cost to send so many symbols Legend Strategy still unknown Expected cost of fall-back Strategy to be found Wednesday, August 29, 12

  30. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Immediate cost to send so many symbols Legend Strategy still unknown Expected cost of fall-back Strategy to be found Wednesday, August 29, 12

  31. Backward Induction # symbols 0 sent so far: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 ... Strategy known Immediate cost to send so many symbols Legend Strategy still unknown Expected cost of fall-back Strategy to be found Wednesday, August 29, 12

  32. Induction: Base Case • Need to know strategy for all m > n to find strategy for n . • How to bootstrap this infinite recursion? • Solution: modify the inputs to ensure that a steady-state strategy exists • Full details in the paper Wednesday, August 29, 12

  33. Summary of Results • Tested with Strider, spinal, raptor codes • Overhead ↓ 2.6–5.4x versus ARQ, HARQ • Throughput ↑ 26% • Throughput when inputs are only estimated is just 1.57% less vs. fully known inputs • Estimation converges within 10-20 packets Wednesday, August 29, 12

  34. Decoding CDFs P(decoded) 1 0 # of symbols Wednesday, August 29, 12

  35. Decoding CDFs P(decoded) 1 High SNR Low SNR 0 # of symbols Wednesday, August 29, 12

  36. Decoding CDFs (empirical for spinal codes) Wednesday, August 29, 12

  37. Decoding CDFs (empirical for spinal codes) Wednesday, August 29, 12

  38. Decoding CDFs (empirical for raptor codes) Wednesday, August 29, 12

  39. Key Ideas in RateMore • Even rateless codes need rate adaptation • More feedback = fewer wasted symbols • Induction picks # of symbols per feedback • Decoding CDF captures code and channel • Coordination helps amortize cost (paper) Wednesday, August 29, 12

  40. Fading channel estimation Wednesday, August 29, 12

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