Next Generation Integrated Power Systems (NGIPS) for the Future Fleet United States Naval Academy March 30, 2009 CAPT Norbert Doerry CAPT Norbert Doerry Technical Director, Future Concepts and Surface Ship Design Naval Sea Systems Command Norbert.doerry@navy.mil March 2009 Approved for Public Release 1 CAPT Doerry
Agenda • Vision • NGIPS Technology Development Roadmap • NGIPS Architectures • NGIPS Design Opportunities • Institutionalizing the Electric Warship g p March 2009 Approved for Public Release 2 CAPT Doerry
Electric Warship Vision Organic Surveillance Drone High Altitude Beam Power to Aircraft Minimal Handling - No NO ENERGETICS NO ENERGETICS Refueling High Powered Sensor Combination Sensor and ABOARD SHIP! ABOARD SHIP! Electromagnetic Gun Electromagnetic Gun Weapon Weapon More than 10 MJ on More than 10 MJ on High Powered Microwave Target High Powered Laser Megawatt Range High Energy Laser Enhanced Self Defense Integrated Power System Precision Affordable Power for Weapons and Engagement g g Propulsion No Collateral Damage All Electric Auxiliaries Power Dense, Fuel Efficient Megawatt Class Propulsion No Hydraulics Laser Reduced Signatures Reduced Signatures No HP Gas Systems No HP Gas Systems Reduced Sailor Workload Power Conversion Flexibility March 2009 Approved for Public Release 3 CAPT Doerry
NGIPS Technology Development Roadmap Vision: To produce affordable power solutions for future surface combatants, submarines, expeditionary warfare ships, combat logistic ships, maritime prepositioning force ships, and support vessels. ships, maritime prepositioning force ships, and support vessels. The NGIPS enterprise approach will: • Improve the power density and affordability of p p y y Navy power systems • Deploy appropriate architectures, systems, and components as they are ready into ship acquisition programs q p g • Use common elements such as: • Zonal Electrical Distribution Systems (ZEDS) • Power conversion modules • Electric power control modules • Implement an Open Architecture Business and Technical Model • Acknowledge MVDC power generation with ZEDS as the Navy’s primary challenge for future combatants March 2009 Approved for Public Release 4 CAPT Doerry
NGIPS Technology Development Roadmap sity ower Den Medium Voltage Direct Current (MVDC) 6 kVDC • Reduced power conversion Po • Eliminate transformers Eli i t t f Hi h F High Frequency • Advanced reconfiguration Alternating Current (HFAC) 4-13.8kVAC 200-400 Hz • Power-dense generation • Power-dense transformers Medium Voltage AC g • Conventional protection • Conventional protection Power Generation (MVAC) 4-13.8 kVAC 60 Hz DDG 1000 Now Now Near Near Future Future “Directing the Future of Ship’s Power” “Directing the Future of Ship’s Power” March 2009 Approved for Public Release 5 CAPT Doerry
IPS Architecture • Integrated Power – Propulsion and Ship Service Loads provided power from same p p p p prime movers • Zonal Distribution – Longitudinal Distribution buses connect prime movers to loads Longitudinal Distribution buses connect prime movers to loads via zonal distribution nodes (switchboards or load centers). March 2009 6 Approved for Public Release CAPT Doerry
Integrated Power System (IPS) IPS consists of an architecture and a set of modules which together provide the basis for designing, procuring, and g g, p g, supporting marine power systems applicable over a broad range of ship types: – Power Generation Module (PGM) Power Generation Module (PGM) – Propulsion Motor Module (PMM) – Power Distribution Module (PDM) – Power Conversion Module (PCM) – – Power Control (PCON) Power Control (PCON) – Energy Storage Module (ESM) – Load (PLM) March 2009 7 Approved for Public Release CAPT Doerry
Notional Medium Voltage Architecture • Power Generation Modules produce Medium Voltage produce Medium Voltage Power (either AC or DC) • Large Loads (such as Propulsion Motor Modules) Propulsion Motor Modules) interface directly to the Medium Voltage bus • • PCM 1A is interface to in zone PCM-1A is interface to in-zone distribution system (ZEDS) • Control provided by PCON Location of Energy Storage within Architecture still an open issue Architecture still an open issue March 2009 Approved for Public Release 8 CAPT Doerry
Notional In-Zone Architecture • PCM-1A – Protect the longitudinal bus from in-zone faults – Convert the power from the longitudinal bus to a voltage and frequency that PCM-2A can use – Provide loads with the type of power they need with the requisite power they need with the requisite survivability and quality of service • PCM-2A – Provide loads with the type of load load VAC) VAC) p power they need with the requisite y q load load PDM (450 PDM (450 survivability and quality of service Emergency Load PDM (600 VDC) via CBT PDM (600 VDC) – IPNC (MIL-PRF-32272) can serve MVAC MVAC PCM-1A PCM-1A load load as a model HFAC HFAC MVDC MVDC load • Controllable Bus Transfer (CBT) or or Emergency Load and un-interuptible 1000 VDC 1000 VDC load v ia auctioneering diodes – Provide two paths of power to Provide two paths of power to via PCM-4 via PCM-4 loads that require compartment PCM-2A level survivability Un-interruptible Un-interruptible Load Load Location of Energy Storage within gy g load load Architecture still an open issue Variable Speed load Variable Voltage Special Frequency Load March 2009 Approved for Public Release 9 CAPT Doerry
NGIPS Design Opportunities • Support High Power Mission Systems y • Reduce Number of Prime Movers • Improve System Efficiency • Provide General Arrangements Flexibility Flexibility • Improve Ship Producibility • Facilitate Fuel Cell Integration g • Support Zonal Survivability • Improve Quality of Service March 2009 Approved for Public Release 10 CAPT Doerry
Support High Power Mission Systems Increasing Power Demands Deployed 2020+ 2012 2014 2015+ 2016 2010 Mission Capability 10 MW 30 MW 2 MW 0.4 MW 1 MW 1 MW Weapon System Development Active TRL=6 Denial System System Weapon Femtosecond Development Laser System TRL=4/5 Solid State Laser System Laser Guided Energy Energy Technology Electro- Development Free Electron Magnetic Power Demands per Mount Power Demands per Mount TRL=3/4 Laser System Launch Multiple Mounts per ship Multiple Mounts per ship Rail Gun Sensor and Weapons Power Demands will Sensor and Weapons Power Demands will Rival Propulsion Power Demands Rival Propulsion Power Demands March 2009 Approved for Public Release 11 CAPT Doerry
Reduce Number of Prime Movers Ship’s Power Propulsion GEN Reduction Power Gear Traditional Conversion GEN and Di t ib ti Distribution Reduction Gear Power GEN Conversion Electric and Drive Drive GEN GEN Distribution Distribution Mtr MD with GEN Integrated MD Mtr Power GEN March 2009 Approved for Public Release 12 CAPT Doerry
Improve System Efficiency Mechanical Electric • A generator, motor drive and Drive Drive motor will generally be less Gas Turbine 30% 35% efficient than a reduction Reduction Gear 99% gear …. Generator 96% • But electric drive enables the Drive 95% prime mover and propulsor Motor 98% to be more efficient, as well Propeller 70% 75% as reducing drag. Relative Drag Coefficient 100% 97% Total 21% 24% Ratio 116% Representative values: not universally true TRADE TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY TO REDUCE DRAG TRADE TRANSMISSION EFFICIENCY TO REDUCE DRAG AND IMPROVE PRIME MOVER AND PROPELLER EFFICIENCY AND IMPROVE PRIME MOVER AND PROPELLER EFFICIENCY March 2009 Approved for Public Release 13 CAPT Doerry
Improve System Efficiency: Contra-Rotating Propellers • Increased Efficiency – Recover Swirl Flow – 10 – 15% improvement • Requires special bearings for R i i l b i f inner shaft if using common Anders Backlund and Jukka Kuuskoski, “The Contra Rotating Propeller (CRP) shaft line Concept with a Podded Drive” • Recent examples feature Pod for aft propeller http://www.mhi.co.jp/ship/english/htm/crp01.htm March 2009 Approved for Public Release 14 CAPT Doerry
General Arrangements Flexibility Improve Ship Producibility • Vertical Stacking of Propulsion Components Propulsion Components Diesel Mechanical System Di l M h i l S t • Pods • Athwart ship Engine M Mounting ti • Horizontal Engine Foundation Propulsion / Electrical Power Machinery Space • Engines in E i i Intakes/Uptakes Zones Without Propulsion / Superstructure Electrical Power Spaces Shaft Lin e Integrated Power System • Distributed Propulsion • Small Engineering Spaces 12APR94G. CDR NH D : S E A 0 3R 2 Rev 1 28 MAR 9 5 March 2009 Approved for Public Release 15 CAPT Doerry
Facilitate Fuel Cell Integration • Many Advantages – Highly Efficient (35-60%) – Highly Efficient (35-60%) – No Dedicated intakes- uptakes; use ventilation • Challenges g – Reforming Fuel into Hydrogen – Onboard Chemical Plant. – Eliminating Sulfur from Eliminating Sulfur from fuels. – Slow Dynamic Response – Requires Energy storage to b l balance generation and ti d load – Slow Startup – Best used for base-loads March 2009 Approved for Public Release 16 CAPT Doerry
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