Nat Natio ional al Soil il Mois isture Map ap Steven M. Quiring, Ohio State University Quiring.10@osu.edu Developing National Soil Moisture Products to Improve Drought Monitoring (NOAA MAPP): 2017-2019 Developing Gridded Soil Moisture Maps Using NRCS SSURGO (NRCS): 2015-2017 NIDIS Pilot: 2014
Vision
In In Situ u So Soil Moisture Measurements: Na NationalSoilMoisture.com
Nationalsoilmoisture.com
Sy System Ar Architecture fo for Na NationalSoilMoisture.com
Da Data Acquisition, Qu Quality Control, & & Interpolation Zhang, N., Quiring, S. M., Ochsner, T. and T. W. Ford (2017) Comparison of Three Methods for Vertical Extrapolation of Soil Moisture in Oklahoma. Vadose Zone , 16(10): doi:10.2136/vzj2017.04.0085 Ford, T. W., Wang, Q. and S. M. Quiring (2016) The observation record length necessary to generate robust soil moisture percentiles. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 55: 2131-2149. DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0143.1 Yuan, S. and S. M. Quiring (2017) Comparison of three methods of interpolating soil moisture in Oklahoma. International Journal of Climatology , 37: 987–997. DOI: 10.1002/joc.4754 Quiring S. M., Ford T. W., Wang J. K., Khong A., Harris E., Lindgren T., Goldberg D. W., Li Z. (2016) North American Soil Moisture Database: Development and Applications. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society , 97: 1441–1459, doi: 10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00263.1 Forthcoming = sensor standardization, methods for developing a national SM map, etc.
Me Methods PRISM gSSURGO Sites Precipitation Soil characteristics Soil moisture Interpolation Ordinary Regression Reduced Optimal Kriging Kriging Interpolation Gridded soil moisture product
gSSURGO Data • 10 m resolution, resampled to 4 km, to match with PRISM • numerous soil characteristics (soil texture, AWC, organic matter)
Ac Accuracy As Assessment 5 cm 20 cm 5 cm 20 cm
Mo Monthly Multi-year (2005 to 2017) monthly mean MAE based on soil moisture percentiles Va Variations in interpolated by IDW , OK and RK at 5 cm and 20 cm MA MAE
National So Na Soil Moisture: Ne Near Real-Ti Time Experimental Products Current data formats: Data products: -web maps -percentiles -CSV -delta (7 day change) -GeoTIFF -soil temperature What other formats Future products: are desired? -VWC anomalies -others? Latency: 24 hours Resolution: daily soil moisture
Ne Next Steps 1. Incorporate more in situ measurements (CoCoRaHS, South Dakota, North Carolina, Georgia, Kentucky, etc.) 2. Improve interpolation accuracy 3. Complete the assessment of the fidelity of various in situ soil moisture observations and satellite remote sensing- and model-based soil moisture products (SIU) 4. **Integrate remote sensing (SMAP) and modeled (NLDAS or NWM?) soil moisture information with in situ measurements to develop a national- scale, near-real time soil moisture product for drought monitoring (OSU) [We will present this at MOISST next year]** 5. Deliver operational gridded soil moisture products (USGS)
Ch Challenges to Developing a National Soil Moisture Map 1. Data sharing and support • How can we support data collection, calibration and quality control (mesonets)? 2. Coordination and communication • How do we coordinate with and leverage other similar efforts (CRN, SMERGE, etc.)? 3. Leadership • Who decides? Where is the long-term home for these products? Who will provide the care and feeding?
Acknowledgements Chen Zhao, Shanshui Yuan, Zack Leasor, Ning Zhang, Paul Dirmeyer, Angelina Arcuri, Makenzee Loft, Jordan Read Funding Developing Gridded Soil Moisture Maps Using NRCS SSURGO (NRCS) Developing National Soil Moisture Products to Improve Drought Monitoring (NOAA MAPP) NIDIS St Steven Quiring – qui quiring ng.10@osu.edu u Trent Ford – twford@siu.edu Jessica Lucido – jlucido@usgs.gov Mike Strobel – michael.strobel@por.usda.gov NA17OAR4310148
Crow et al., 2012
Land Cover, Elevation, Slope, etc.
Wh What t is th the N Nati tional Soil M Moistu ture N Netw twork? • President Obama’s Climate Action Plan (2013) • Missing piece of hydrologic observational data
Who is the NSMN?
Vision • Where do we want to be in 5 years?
Next Steps (outlined in 2016 report)
St Standardizing So Soil Moisture Measurements
Me Measure rement De Depth Zhang, N., S. Quiring, T. Ochsner, and T. Ford. 2017. Comparison of three methods for vertical extrapolation of soil moisture in Oklahoma. Vadose Zone J. 16(10). doi:10.2136/vzj2017.04.0085
So Soil Moisture Pe Percentiles: How Mu Much Da Data is Ne Needed? Ford et al. (2016) The observation record necessary to generate robust soil moisture percentiles. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 55: 2131-2149.
Te Temporal variations in monthly MAE based on ID IDW, OK and RK 20 cm soil moisture percentiles in the continental U.S. 5 cm soil moisture percentiles in the continental U.S.
Ho How can you get involved in NSMN? 1. Join the NSMN community and contribute your knowledge and expertise 2. Contribute soil moisture data. We need more measurements in forests! 3. Provide feedback regarding the type of national soil moisture products that you would find most useful 4. Support soil moisture-related data collection and research
De Developing g National Soil Moisture Products to Improve Dr Drough ght Monitoring 1. Assess the fidelity of various in situ soil moisture observations and satellite remote sensing- and model-based soil moisture products 2. Integrate remote sensing and modeled soil moisture information with in situ measurements to develop a national- scale, near-real time soil moisture product for drought monitoring 3. Design and develop a proof-of-concept cyber infrastructure for delivery of the gridded soil moisture product
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