NASA Aeronautics Research May 14, 2014 2
Three mega-drivers have emerged that are shaping the future of aviation Revolutions in automation, Traditional measures of Severe energy and climate information and communi- global demand for mobility — issues create enormous cation technologies enable economic development, affordability and opportunity for safety critical urbanization — are growing sustainability challenges autonomous systems rapidly 3
What vision has NASA set for aviation? A revolution in sustainable global air mobility. TRANSFORMATIVE On Demand Fast SUSTAINABLE Low Carbon Intelligent GLOBAL Safety, NextGen Efficiency, Environment 4
NASA Aeronautics Research Six Strategic Thrusts Safe, Efficient Growth in Global Operations • Enable full NextGen and develop technologies to substantially reduce aircraft safety risks Innovation in Commercial Supersonic Aircraft • Achieve a low-boom standard Ultra-Efficient Commercial Vehicles • Pioneer technologies for big leaps in efficiency and environmental performance Transition to Low-Carbon Propulsion • Characterize drop-in alternative fuels and pioneer low-carbon propulsion technology Real-Time System-Wide Safety Assurance • Develop an integrated prototype of a real-time safety monitoring and assurance system Assured Autonomy for Aviation Transformation • Develop high impact aviation autonomy applications 5
What is the Airspace Operations and Safety Program? This program integrates the Airspace Systems Program and Aviation System-Safety work. Develops and explores Airspace fundamental concepts, algorithms, Operations and technologies to increase and Safety throughput and efficiency of the Program National Airspace System safely. Provides knowledge, concepts, and methods to the aviation community to manage increasing complexity in the design and Projects operation of vehicles and the air Continues Airspace Systems transportation system. Program research, and the Airspace Technology Demonstrations aircraft state awareness research and system wide SMART NAS — Testbed for Safe safety research that was Trajectory-Based Operations previously conducted within the Aviation Safety Program. Safe Autonomous System Operations 6
Where’s the Benefit? Air Traffic Control Association Technical Conference Chris Brinton Mosaic ATM, Inc. May 14, 2014
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Orlando Int. Airport (MCO) • 10,000 ft. (~7 min.) longer • “Taxi for direction [of flight]” taxi from Ramp 1 to 35L – Departure runway than 36R assigned based on departure fix – Independent departure 1 2 runways • “Taxi for convenience” – Departures runway closest to parking gate 3 4 – Local controllers coordinate releasing 35R aircraft 36L 36R – Runway delay small when queues do not accumulate 35L 10
TRCM at MCO Results • Tradeoff between taxi time and runway delay • Traffic recorded October 13, 2010 from 1055Z to 1155Z • Actual runway assignment was taxi for direction • TRCM advised taxi for convenience for entire time period • Actual and TRCM plans simulated in Metroplex Simulation Environment (MSE) – Taxi for convenience results in slightly longer runway delays but significantly shorter taxi times • TRCM saves 24.9 min. over 38 flights Taxi for Convenience Taxi for Direction Metric (TRCM) (Actual) Total Delay (38 flights) 16.5 min. 41.4 min. Avg. Delay / Flight 26 sec. 65 sec. Avg. Travel Time / Flight 20.4 min. 21.1 min. Avg. Rwy. Delay / Flight 26 sec. 24 sec. 11
Memphis Int. Airport (MEM) 18C • Arrivals: 18R, 18L | Departures: 18R, 18C • MEM uses rigid departure runway assignment rules 18R 18L based on direction of flight • Flexible arrival runway assignment • Most mornings – predominantly westbound departure bank, assigned to 18R, overlaps period of steady arrivals • TRACON does not consider departure traffic; assigns arrivals to runway closest to fix • Arrivals assigned 18R while 18L underutilized and departures queued at 18R • Same situation in North flow 12
TRCM at MEM – Results • Flight Counts 62 flights from Sept. 9, 2010, 1400-1530z by Direction of West East • Actual operations – arrival runways based Flight on direction of flight Arrival 10 9 • TRCM advised “18L is Primary Arrival Departure 30 13 Runway” policy for entire period – Arrival delays increased slightly (net effect of flight time and taxi time) – Departure queue / delays reduced substantially • TRCM saves 22.4 min. over 62 flights Arrival Runways Based 18L is Primary Arrival Metric on Direction of Flight Runway (Actual Operations) (TRCM) Total Delay 45.0 min. 22.6 min. Avg. Delay / Flight 44 sec. 22 sec. • Delay measured relative to unconstrained operation for each flight individually 13
Where is the (Largest) Benefit? • Low Frequency x Very High Cost = $$ X Benefit • High Frequency x Low Cost = $$ Y Benefit • Which is Larger: X or Y ? 14
FAA Enterprise Safety: A Portfolio Management Approach ATCA Safety Committee Presentation ATCA Technical Symposium May 14, 2014 Atlantic City, NJ
Paradigm Shifts in Transportation Pony Express - 1861 16
Transcontinental Railroad - 1870 17
Commercial Aviation - 1921 18
Game Changer: Radar - 1961 19
The NextGen Age of Aviation - 2011 Enterprise Safety Portfolio 20
The First Enterprise Safety Portfolio • • R & D Safety • • Flight Standards Finance • • Facilities/ Tech Ops HR • Legal (Last Will and • Air Traffic (Wilbur) Testament) “If you are looking for perfect safety, you will do well to sit on a fence and watch the birds; but if you really wish to learn, you must mount a machine and become acquainted with its tricks by actual trial.” — Wilbur Wright, from an address to the Western Society of Engineers in Chicago, 18 September 1901
FAA Enterprise Safety Portfolio Source : Project Management Institute, Portfolio Management
Safety and System Performance
The Business Case for Safety Attribute Example The big-picture perspective afforded through portfolio management makes it an invaluable Administrator’s Strategic Initiative tool to ensure an organization’s projects sync with its strategic business goals Organizations can realize the full benefit of Improved portfolio management portfolio management by making it a fixed part Increased ROI and less risk of their day-to-day culture More powerful business value Source : Project Management Institute, Portfolio Management
A future state…
Questions?
NextGen Progress Report May 15, 2014 Edward Bolton Assistant Administrator, NextGen Federal Aviation Administration
NextGen Improvements Legacy System NextGen Digital Communication Voice Communication Ground-Based Navigation Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) Radar Surveillance Satellite-Based Surveillance Flexible Automation, Decision- Constrained Automation Support Tools Integrated Systems and Information Disparate Point-to-Point Systems Distribution Delivers increased efficiency, flexibility, predictability, safety, environmental benefits. 40
En Route Automation As of: March 18, 2014 ORD 14 of 20 Cont Ops 15 of 20 IOC 18 of 20 Pre-IOC 2 of 20 Changes from Previous Month: Cleveland Center (ZOB): ORD – 04 Mar Fort Worth Center (ZFW): ORD – 07 Mar En Route Automation Modernization Memphis Center (ZME): ORD – 14 Mar Complete Final / 20 th IOC Complete Final / 20 th ORD September 2014 March 2015 41
Terminal Automation As of March 2014 Changes from Previous Month: None Miami : (MIA): STARS IOC – 04 Mar Kalamazoo: (AZO): IOC – 16 Mar Terminal Automation Modernization and Replacement 1 ARTS IIIE IOC (Dallas – D10) Complete 3 ARTS IIE IOCs Final ARTS IIIE IOC April 2013 Sept. 2014 May 2016 42
ADS-B Coverage and En Route Integration As of March 2014 Service Delivery Points for ATC Separation Services En Route 15 of 24 Terminal 53 of 159 Surface (Advisory) 30 of 44 Rule-Driven ADS-B Out Avionics Equipage: 3,817 ADS-B In Avionics Equipage: 3,216 Changes from Previous Month: 634 Radios Installed Across CONUS En Route IOCs: Kansas City – 20 Mar Indianapolis – 15 Mar Automatic Dependent Surveillance – Broadcast Complete All Term. & Complete Final 24 of 24 Surf. IOCs 2019 En Route IOCs Sept. 2015 Radio Infrastructure Complete NAS-wide Pilot Advisory Services ADS-B Out Rule Compliance Jan. 2020 March 2014 (Traffic & Weather) June 2014 43
Data Communications Departure Clearance Tower Service As of: March 2014 Key - Trials Sites - Tower DCL Sites Will deploy En Route Services to all 20 ARTCCS Changes from Previous Month: None Data Communications (Data Comm) Initiate DCL Tower Trials: Complete DCL Tower Service DCL Tower Service En Route Services FID Complete DCL Tower Trials MEM Jan.2013 & Operational Test & IOC Key Site (SLC) First Site IOC October 2014 September 2014 EWR April 2013 Evaluation (OT&E) Nov. 2015 March 2016 En Route 44 Service 2019
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