MUNIC ICIPAL FIN INANCE IN INNOVATIONS Ses ession 4: : Envi vironmental Externalit ity Fin inancing November 15 – 16, , 2018 Aar arsi i Sag Sagar, , Gr Gree een Cit Citie ies Ana naly lyst, t, Gl Global l Gr Green Gr Growth Ins Insti titute
GGGI’s Mission “To help developing country governments transition towards a model of economic growth that is environmentally sustainable and socially inclusive.”
GGGI at a Glance Norway Denmark Mongolia United Kingdom Headquartered in Hungary China Republic of Korea Headquarters Seoul, Republic of Morocco Nepal Jordan Qatar India Korea, GGGI has UAE Vietnam Mexico Lao PDR Philippines Myanmar Senegal Cambodia Thailand 30 members with Burkina Faso Costa Rica Ethiopia Guyana Colombia Uganda Kiribati operations in Rwanda Indonesia Papua New Guinea Peru 30 countries Vanuatu Mozambique Paraguay Fiji Australia Member Co Countrie ies Operatio ions Australia, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, Costa Rica, Burkina Faso, Cambodia, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Ethiopia, Fiji, Guyana, Hungary, Ethiopia, Fiji, Guyana, Hungary, India, Indonesia, Jordan, Indonesia, Jordan, Kiribati, Republic of Korea, Lao Kiribati, Lao PDR, Mexico, Mongolia, Morocco, PDR, Mexico, Mongolia, Norway, Papua New Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Philippines, Rwanda, Senegal, Thailand, Uganda, United Senegal, Thailand, Tonga, United Arab Emirates, Arab Emirates, Vanuatu, Viet Nam United Kingdom, Vanuatu, Viet Nam
GGGI Value Chain & Thematic Sectors GREEN IMP GRE MPACT T SECT SE CTOR/S /SUB-SECTOR DESI DE SIGN, FIN FINANCING & & DI DIAGNOSIS ASS ASSESSMENT STRA TRATEGY & & PLA LANNING IMP MPLEMENTATI TION Development of Financing: Development, Sectoral green Macro sectoral/sub- Policy and Analysis of costs Design: Project Identification of economic growth and impact economic sectoral institutions and investment and policy possible Implementation sustainability assessment and impact investment analysis requirements preparation financial diagnosis prioritization assessment plans and structure selection Sustainable Water er & Sustainable Green Ener ergy Sanit itation La Landscapes Citie Cities
Appli lication of f envir ironmental taxes s that can facil ilitate urb rban develo lopment AND Contrib ibute to lo local l tax revenues Insert Photo If If so so, how?
Environmental Externalities • Externalities = behavioral change? • Degraded air quality = health impacts = Monetary Value • Degraded water quality = health impacts & damaged ecosystems = Monetary value • Health impacts = Loss in productivity/ quality of life • At macro level: loss in productivity/ loss in GDP & loss of ecosystems • At micro level: human health & ecosystems
Desig igning Green Cit ities: : Key Transformations To o ac achieve smart rt, Acce Access to o cl clean Water resource The way we plan gree gr een & & water r and and management sus ustain inable le citie ies san anit itatio ion The way For or a a res esource The way people Conn Co nnected & & buildings are effic ficie ient t & & low w move and walk alkable le/ / no non n designed & car arbon built built mo motor oriz ized citie ties connect envir en ironment operated Access to Ac o The energy Balancing rene enewable le Pro-poor r and and produced & expansion & ene energy & & inc nclu lusiv ive citie ies consumed inclusive growth effic ficie iency The way cities Imp mprove the the Create ‘bankable’ Waste to manage and was aste/ reso esource citie ties to o attr tract resources account their loo oop gree gr een fi fina nance assets
ACCOMMODATION, REFRESHMENTS AND ANY OTHER LI LICE CENSED HO HOTE TELS 1. 1. SERVICES TOU OURIST T VE VESSELS LS OP OPERATI TING G WITH THIN FIJ FIJI ACCOMMODATION, REFRESHMENTS AND ANY OTHER 2. 2. SERVICES PROVIDED ON BOARD WATE TERS MEALS, BEVERAGES AND ANY OTHER SERVICES PROVIDED IN LI LICE CENSED BAR ARS 3. 3. A LICENSED BAR, INCLUDING PRIVATE CLUBS Example: LICE LI CENSED NI NIGH GHTCLUB EG. MUSIC DANCING OR OTHER ENTERTAINMENT SERVICES 4. 4. ECAL in in Fij iji INB NBOUND TOU OUR OP OPERATORS TRAVEL TOUR AND SIGHT SEEING SERVICES 5. 5. ENTERTAINMENT ENT T PROGRAMS/ S/ PRODUCT CT ENTRY FEES TO THE EVENTS VENUE 6. 6. EXH EXHIBITIONS S OR ORGANIZERS RE RECREATI TIONAL ACTIVI TIVITY TY OP OPERATORS RECREATIONAL ACTIVITIES PROVIDED BY SUCH OPERATORS 7. 7. ENTRY FEES & ALL SERVICES PROVIDED WITHIN THE CINEMA OP CIN OPERATORS 8. 8. PREMISES LI LICE CENSED REN RENTAL/H /HIRE CAR CAR OP OPERATORS HIRING RENTAL CARS 9. 9. BIS BISTR TROS S AN AND COFF OFFEE SH SHOP OPS MEALS & BEVERAGES 10. 10. LI LICE CENSED RE RESTAURANTS MEALS & BEVERAGES 11. 11. AIRCRAFT AI FT OP OPERATORS LIMITED CHARTER FLIGHT SERVICES 12. 12. WATE TER SPO SPORTS S OP OPERATORS ALL WATER SPORTS 13. 13. HOME STAY HOM Y OP OPERATORS ALL SERVICES PROVIDED TO PAYING GUESTS 14. 14. Source: e: https:// ://www.frcs.org.fj/ j/our- services/t /taxat ation on/bu busine ness/ s/env nviron onment ntal-lev evy/ UNLIC NLICENSED SE SERVICE OP OPERATORS UNLICENSED REGISTERED SERVICE PROVIDER 15. 15.
Chall llenges/ Potentia ial ri risks of f ext xtern rnalit ity fi financin ing Insert Photo
Challenges/ Risks De Devolution of of power – Col Collection rates are Ho How to o valu lue an allo llow municipalities low lo externality? auth thority to o tax Ho How wou ould sec econdary ry Rais ise awareness on on Proper reg egula latory ry cit cities cop ope? Should be e externalities mec echanisms nee eeded lim limited to o la larger cit cities? Are som ome ext xternalities Ho How to o effi ficiently use e ea easier to o valu lue th than th the e revenues? oth others?
Th Thank You Aarsi Sagar Green Cities Analyst Email: aarsi.sagar@gggi.org Follow our Activities on Facebook and Twitter www.gggi.org
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