Minnesota River Basin Meeting Minnesota River Basin Meeting St. Paul - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Watershed Management and Modeling Minnesota River Basin Meeting Minnesota River Basin Meeting St. Paul District COE April 20, 2010 Watershed Management Capabilities Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) (ERDC)

Tools For Watershed Modeling and Management – Discussion Items Watershed Management and Modeling g  Watershed Modeling System (WMS) W t h d M d li S t (WMS)  Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) Model  Upper Mississippi River Basin Study

WMS Overview Watershed Management and Modeling g  Comprehensive system for watershed modeling  Multiple computational models supported  Empirically ‐ based, lumped parameter models (e.g. HEC ‐ HMS, HSPF, TR ‐ 20, etc)  Physically ‐ based, distributed spatial parameter model (GSSHA)  Riverine models (e.g. HEC ‐ RAS)  R Reservoir models (e.g. CE ‐ QUAL ‐ W2 ) i d l ( CE QUAL W )  Integrates  Models to understand system ‐ wide effects  Multiple data sources to automate model parameter p p definition  With GIS through ESRI’s ArcObjects  With public data sources through web services   Widely used for civil and military applications Widely used for civil and military applications

WMS User Community Watershed Management and Modeling g  FY09 Stats:  439 Total USACE ‐ licensed users 39 Breakdown of WMS Users 439 Total USACE-licensed Users in FY09 439 T t l USACE li d U i FY09  58 New Users  149 Support Calls Other, 10 Navy, 16  WMS Numerical Model EPA, 33 Maintenance Funds from 10 DoE, 3 districts: CEORP, CELMM, USACE, 181 CESPL, CEMVRI, CENCS, CESAJ, CENAP CENAN CESWT CENPS CENAP, CENAN, CESWT, CENPS Army, 127 WES, 69

Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis y g y Watershed Management and Modeling g 1 st Order contaminant kinetics,   2D Overland Flow transport  1D Channel Network  N t i Nutrient Sub Module Library t S b M d l Lib  2Dx1D Infiltration kinetics, transport  2D Groundwater  Sediment transport  2D Evapotranspiration  Wetlands  DEM   Pipe Networks p Soil Type yp   Lakes Land Use  Special Boundary types  Precipitation – Radar, Gages  Hydrometeorological

What GSSHA Can Do Watershed Management and Modeling g Surface water hydrology Surface Water/Groundwater Surface water quality and Interaction I t ti TMDL’ TMDL’s Sediment Transport Contaminant fate/transport in surface water and surface water and groundwater and related health risk assessment Watershed Modeling and Management

Strengths and Weaknesses of GSSHA Weaknesses of GSSHA Watershed Management and Modeling g  Simulation of surface Water and Groundwater interactions  Tile drains  Wetlands  Physical Process ‐ driven model: can simulate fundamental changes in processes described by other models described by other models  SPARROW, SWAT  addition of wetlands for flood attenuation and nutrient/sediment processing  Spatially explicit formulation: can evaluate impacts of where changes occur p y p p g  Location of wetlands addition  Location of land use change  Can be run on multiple platforms p p  Requires moderate modeling background/expertise  Temporal and spatial applications currently have some constraints  SW/GW Hydrology – large and small scale applications  Sediment/Nutrient transport – tested on small spatial and temporal scales

Technical Support and Training Watershed Management and Modeling g Training Training Case Studies Case Studies Hawaii Applications Applications Applications Applications  T i i  Training Panama  GSSHA and WMS summer training courses  On ‐ line training at http://gsshawiki.com  Documentation  User’s Manual, Tutorials, Primer on ‐ line: http://gsshawiki.com  One ‐ on ‐ one assistance O i t

Wetland Model Watershed Management and Modeling g Bi-model flow: Linear transition L t Lateral flow l fl from Darcian flow through, over at bottom to vegetation Manning’s flow at overtopping level Lateral flow through Darcian Flow peat / muck layer Assessing Infiltration, 2D environmental Vertical infiltration, Groundwater restoration techniques exfiltration, Lateral models in the Rio Grande Groundwater Bosque in Albuquerque

Storm and Tile Drains Watershed Management and Modeling g  Connected set of pipes, manholes, inlet grates  Leaky pipes used to interact with groundwater Superlink 1 Node 1 Node 4 Link 1 Link 2 Link 3 Node 2 Node 3 Junction 1 Junction 2 Assumed Flow Direction Applied at Dead Run Creek Node 1 Link 1 Node 2 Link 2 Node 3 Baltimore District

Spatial Hydrology: Dealing with Runoff Processes Changes Runoff Processes Changes Watershed Management and Modeling g  Spatial effects of land use changes  Where you put a commercial zone, detention basin, or wetland changes the hydrology  Include engineered wetlands l d d l d  Include detention basins  Planning and after ‐ the ‐ fact land use changes h Kishwaukee River Basin

Spatial Hydrology: Sediment and Contaminants for TMDLs Watershed Management and Modeling g  U.S. Army Garrison – Schofield Barracks, HI  Evaluating the Total Daily Maximum Load Evaluating the Total Daily Maximum Load (TMDL) from the live ‐ fire training ranges at Schofield Barracks for sediments and military constituents   Design Best Management Practices Design Best Management Practices (BMPs) to reduce loadings  Vegetation management practices  Training schedules  Reduce erosion associated with roads d d h d  Capture sediments and associated contaminants  Vegetative filter strips   Detentions basins Detentions basins  Embankments

Sediment Transport Watershed Management and Modeling g 50000 Event model within continuous simulation tons/day) Simulated framework 40000 Observed  30000 30000 O Overland flow: l d fl Sediment flux (  20000 Any number of grain sizes  Detachment by raindrop impact and 10000 surface runoff 0  145 145.5 146 146.5 147 Transport capacity can be Kilinc ‐ Julian day, 1982 Richardson ‐ Julien or Engelund ‐ Hansen Sediments  Erosion, deposition, transport 10000  Elevation and particle distribution ent Discharge (cubic meters) evolution 1000  Stream flow:  Simulated Sand and larger size particles simulated 100 Observed as bed load. Sedime  Smaller particles simulated as wash 10 load.  Stream channel cross sections adjusted 1 0.1 1 10 100 1000 for erosion/deposition p Peak Discharge (cms)  Goodwin Creek Coupled to constituent transport

Nutrient Transport Watershed Management and Modeling g  Link to the Nutrient Sub Module developed by the Environmental Laboratory  Overland/Soils Module Overland/Soils Module  NH4, NO3, Organic Nitrogen (Dissolved and Adsorbed)  PO4 and Organic Phosphorus (Dissolved and Adsorbed)  Channel Module  NH4, NO3, Organic Nitrogen (Dissolved and Adsorbed) NH4, NO3, Organic Nitrogen (Dissolved and Adsorbed)  PO4 and Organic Phosphorus (Dissolved and Adsorbed)  Dissolved Oxygen  Algae Groups  Phytoplankton (Floating Algae) Phytoplankton (Floating Algae)  Benthic or Periphyton (Submerged Attached Algae)  Plant Module (Terrestrial)  EPIC formulations based upon the Heat Index Method  EDYSLite (developed put not integrated within NSM yet) EDYSLite (developed put not integrated within NSM yet)

Eau Galle Reservoir Demo Watershed Management and Modeling g Large Scale Hydrologic Assessment g y g Small Scale Nutrient and Sediment Transport Study

Discharge Calibration Watershed Management and Modeling g EG 18.5 observed EG 18.5 cal1 40 Initial 35 m 3 s -1 ) 30 Discharge (m 25 25 20 15 10 5 0 2002.4 2002.48 Date (years) EG 18.5 observed EG 18.5 final cal 80 Peak Mean Absolute Error (MAE) – 3% 70 3 s -1 ) 60 Total Discharge Error – 1 5% Total Discharge Error – 1.5% Discharge (m 3 50 40 30 20 10 0 Final 2002.4 2002.48 2002.56 2002.64 2002.72 2002.8 Date (years) Peak (MAE) – 42% Total Discharge – 7%

Reservoir Modeling Watershed Management and Modeling g computed simulated 60 50 40 Discharge (m 3 s -1 ) 30 20 10 10 Elevation 0 2002.37 2002.42 2002.47 2002.52 2002.57 2002.62 2002.67 2002.72 Date (years) observed computed 289.00  Error Total Discharge – 3% g 3 288.50 288.00 ) (m n tio a v 287.50 le e e k a L L 287.00 286.50 286.00 2002.37 2002.42 2002.47 2002.52 2002.57 2002.62 2002.67 2002.72 2002.77 Date (years)

Water Quality Calibration ‐ DIP Watershed Management and Modeling g

Dead Run Creek Demo Watershed Management and Modeling g  14.3 km 2 (~5 mi 2 )watershed in Baltimore, MD   Impacts of storm drain networks on storm hydrographs Impacts of storm drain networks on storm hydrographs

Drainage Networks Watershed Management and Modeling g Storm Drain Digitization Historical Current Stream Network Stream and Storm Drain Network

Urbanization and Wetlands Creation in the Kishwaukee Watershed Watershed Management and Modeling g