Slide 1 / 91 Slide 2 / 91 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org and is intended for the non-commercial use of students and teachers. These materials may not be Membranes & used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its Enzymes website for the convenience of teachers who wish to make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course Practice Questions materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: www.njctl.org www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 91 Slide 4 / 91 1 How does a phospholipid membrane create an 2 Draw and label a phospholipid. isolated internal environment? Slide 5 / 91 Slide 6 / 91 3 In what way do the screen on a window and a cell 4 What essential role does a cell membrane play in membrane serve a similar function? What maintaining homeostasis? characteristic is used to describe this function?
Slide 7 / 91 Slide 8 / 91 5 If you stir a cube of sugar into a glass of water, 6 If you have a solution consisting of 5 grams of which of these materials would be a solute, and NaCl in 200 mL of water, what is the molarity of which would be a solvent? your solution? Slide 9 / 91 Slide 10 / 91 7 What characteristic of passive transport makes it 8 What role does a concentration gradient play in ‘passive?’ the process of passive transport? Slide 11 / 91 Slide 12 / 91 9 Which image below is in a state of equilibrium? 10 Dialysis tubing contains 0.5 M glucose solution. It Explain your answer. is placed in a beaker of 1.0 M glucose solution. Describe the direction of diffusion.
Slide 13 / 91 Slide 14 / 91 11 A cell with an O2 concentration of 8 mM and a 12 Compare a phospholipid membrane to a chain CO2 concentration of 5 mM is placed in a solution link fence. How are these two structures similar? of 10 mM O2 and 1 mM CO2. Describe the What function do they both serve? direction of diffusion of each gas. Homework Slide 15 / 91 Slide 16 / 91 13 How do amphiphilic phospholipids prevent their 14 Why is it necessary for cellular health that a cell hydrophobic ends from coming into contact with membrane be selectively permeable? water? Slide 17 / 91 Slide 18 / 91 15 Make a correction to the following statement to 16 If you have a solution consisting of 100 grams of make it true: C6H12O6 in 1000 mL of water, what is the A solute has the ability to dissolve a solvent. molarity of your solution?
Slide 19 / 91 Slide 20 / 91 17 Suppose you have a solution consisting of 20 18 What type of cellular transport would you use to grams of carbon dioxide in 750 mL of water. describe a ball rolling down a hill? Explain your What is the molarity of your solution? answer. Slide 21 / 91 Slide 22 / 91 19 Suppose you spray air freshener into the corner 20 What impact does the state of equilibrium have on of a room. Explain how the air freshener will the rate of diffusion? move throughout the room. Be sure to use the term concentration gradient in your response. At what point will the air freshener molecules stop moving through the room? Slide 23 / 91 Slide 24 / 91 21 Suppose you have a cell that is freely permeable 22 A cell with an O2 concentration of 2 mM and a to H2O. There are more H2O molecules outside of CO2 concentration of 10 mM is placed in a the cell than inside of the cell. In what direction solution of 9 mM O2. Describe the direction of will the net movement of H2O molecules occur? diffusion of each gas. Why? Osmosis Classwork
Slide 25 / 91 Slide 26 / 91 23 Since osmosis is passive transport, in which 24 If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, in direction does water move related to its which direction will water flow in relation to the concentration gradient? What direction does it cell? move in relation to the solution concentration gradient? Slide 27 / 91 Slide 28 / 91 25 Sometimes, doctors will recommend that patients 26 Suppose a cell is placed in an unknown solution. experiencing a sore throat should gargle saltwater After examining the cell under a microscope, you to relieve their symptoms. Explain, in terms of see that the cell membrane has expanded, like a solute concentration, how gargling saltwater tight water balloon. What kind of solution, could help reduce swelling in the throat. hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic, is the unknown substance? Why did you come to this conclusion? Slide 29 / 91 Slide 30 / 91 27 If there is equal concentration of free water 28 Suppose you have a houseplant that has begun to molecules inside of a cell compared to its wilt. Would it be more beneficial to water this surrounding solution, what type of environment is plant with a solution that was hypertonic or the surrounding solution? hypotonic when compared to the plant cells? Explain your answer.
Slide 31 / 91 Slide 32 / 91 29 A cell with a sucrose concentration of 0.65 M is 30 Does osmosis require the input of energy? Why placed in a 1.2 sucrose solution. Describe the net or why not? flow of water. Homework Slide 33 / 91 Slide 34 / 91 31 What will happen to a cell that is placed in a 32 One way to preserve perishable food, such as hypertonic solution? meat, is to pack the food in a heavy concentration of salt. Knowing that bacteria survive well in a moist environment, explain why this method of food preservation can be effective. Slide 35 / 91 Slide 36 / 91 33 If a cell lyses after being submerged in a solution, 34 If a cell membrane were impermeable to water would you suggest this solution is hypertonic, molecules, how would this change the process of hypotonic or isotonic? Why? osmosis in our cells?
Slide 37 / 91 Slide 38 / 91 35 What is the relationship between osmosis and 36 A cell with an O2 concentration of 0.4 M and a diffusion? glucose concentration of 0.1 M is placed in a 0.5 M glucose solution. Describe the net flow of both solutes and water. Plasma Membrane, Transport Through Proteins Classwork Slide 39 / 91 Slide 40 / 91 37 Explain why a cell that requires only passive 38 What similarities exist between peripheral vision transport of small molecules may not require the and peripheral proteins? Why is the same presence of membrane proteins. adjective used to describe both of these things? Slide 41 / 91 Slide 42 / 91 39 Why might a polar molecule have a difficult time 40 Explain why the term fluid mosaic is used to moving across a phospholipid bilayer, even if it describe the structure of a phospholipid bilayer. were a small molecule?
Slide 43 / 91 Slide 44 / 91 41 Do you think an integral protein or a peripheral 42 Identify one similarity that exists between the protein is more useful for the transport of processes of active transport and facilitated molecules across a cell membrane? Justify your diffusion. answer. Slide 45 / 91 Slide 46 / 91 43 Suppose you need to determine whether glucose 44 Cl- ions often move across cell membranes is being transported using active transport or through a membrane protein that does not change facilitated diffusion. The only clue you have is shape to accommodate their transport. Is this that ATP molecules are required for the protein more likely a channel protein or carrier movement to occur. Which type of transport do protein? Justify your response. you suggest is being used? Why? Slide 47 / 91 Slide 48 / 91 45 What type of cell transport is required to move a 46 Describe one function that peripheral proteins substance from an area of low concentration to an may provide for the cell. area of high concentration?
Slide 49 / 91 Slide 50 / 91 47 In order for nerve cells to conduct electrical 48 Why are membrane proteins necessary for the signals appropriately, certain ions need to be movement of some larger molecules across cell transported against their concentration gradient. membranes? What type of cell transport is necessary for this to occur? Is ATP required for this process to occur? Homework Slide 51 / 91 Slide 52 / 91 49 What is the difference between a peripheral 50 Are the phospholipids and proteins that construct membrane protein and an integral membrane a cell membrane anchored in a stationary protein? position? What is the term used to describe the arrangement of a phospholipid bilayer? Slide 53 / 91 Slide 54 / 91 51 Why are integral proteins sometimes also called 52 Even though ions are very small, they often transmembrane proteins? require the assistance of a membrane protein to enter or leave a cell. What characteristic of ions makes this necessary?
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