Marine Ecosystem Change WG Mark Costello, Isabel Sousa Pinto, Carlo Heip, Gary Geller
Who we are Linda Amaral Zettler Marine Biological Laboratory, USA yes Ward Appeltans OBIS (UNESCO IOC IODE) yes Patricio Bernal IUCN High Sea Initiative yes Peter Burkill Plymouth University, UK yes Francisco Chavez MBARI, USA yes Mark Costello University of Auckland, New Zealand yes Pat Halpin Duke University, USA no Carlo Heip NIOZ NL no Brian Helmuth University of South Carolina, USA no Nicolas Hoepffner JRC Ispra, Italy no Randy Kochevar Stanford University USA yes Pedro Martinez-Arbizu Senckenberg Institute, Germany yes David Obura CORDIO Katja Philippart NIOZ, Netherlands no Roland Pitcher CSIRO, Australia no Trevor Platt Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Canada Henry Ruhl National Oceanography Centre in Southampton, UK yes Isabel Sousa Pinto CIIMAR, U Porto, Portugal Marbef, Euromarine, EMBOS yes Louisa Wood UNEP-WCMC
Criteria for mBON Products • Relevance to marine biodiversity • Ready in 2 years, published by 2015 • Global (ideally) in scope • Relevant to end-users (governments, IMO, IUCN, CI, WWF, UNESCO, Big-NGO) e.g. a product may bring together data, expertise, and/or analyses at a global scale to provide a publication, database, or resource
Existing global resources • World Register of Marine Species and its experts - 95% complete, associated content expanding, includes IAS, Red List status • Ocean Biogeographic Information System - 120,000 species, 30 million locations, 700 datasets • World Database of Marine Protected Areas • Aquamaps – ranges of >10,000 marine species • IUCN Red Lists of Species and Ecosystems • Continuous Plankton Recorder Database (going global) • Marineregions.org : gazeteer and digital maps of marine regions (EEZ, LME, FAO, ICES, IHO, MEOW, ..) • Global Invasive Species Database and regional IAS databases
Candidate products Product Lead or contact person World map of marine IAS occurrences and Sergej Olenin potential ranges Compendium of global environmental data Zeenatul Basher, Mark Costello, layers VLIZ Global map of marine ecosystems Mark Costello underpinned by environmental data using GEO Ecosystems approach Collection of population time-series datasets To be determined and monitoring stations Other? ?
SECOND BALTIC REGIONAL WORKSHOP , 2012 Nov 27-28, Charlottenlund, Denmark An integrated information system on aquatic non-indigenous species in Europe and neighboring regions (AquaNIS) and its application for bioinvasion process studies in the Baltic Sea Aleksas Narščius 1 , Sergej Olenin 1 , Anastasija Zaiko 1 & Dan Minchin 1,2 1 Coastal Research and Planning 2 Marine Organism Investigations, Institute, Klaipeda University, Lithuania Killaloe Ballina, Co Clare, Ireland
AquaNIS • The system stores and disseminates information on NIS introduction histories, recipient regions, taxonomy, biological traits, impacts, and other relevant documented data. www.corpi.ku.lt/databases/aquanis Information support: Developers (VECTORS) : 1. Agnese Marchini (Italy) • Baltic Sea Alien Species Aleksas Narščius (Lithuania ) 2. Database 3. Anastasija Zaiko (Lithuania) • FP5 CA Ballast Waters 4. Anna Occhipinti (Italy) • FP6 ALARM 5. Bella Galil (Israel) • FP6 DAISIE 6. Dan Minchin (Ireland) Greta Sr ėbalienė ( Lithuania) • 7. FP6 IMPASSE • 8. Henn Ojaveer (Estonia) FP7 MEECE 9. Nadav Kallenberg (Israel) • FP7 VECTORS 10. Sergej Olenin (Lithuania) 11. Stephan Gollasch (Germany) other contributors are welcome!
Marine ecosystems • Environmentally relevant basis for stratified (sampling) reporting on biodiversity • Natural context for fisheries, biogeography, and conservation • Needs global map derived from data • What are available ……..?
Marine regions IHO Seas & oceans Large Marine Ecosystems LME Biogeographic realms Exclusive Economic Zones EEZ Marine Ecoregions of the World MEOW Global Open Ocean & Deep-Sea GOODS FAO fisheries Longhurst pelagic ecosystems
Global environmental data layers Global data layer Sources Bottom Temperature layers for various depths up to 4000m NOAA PDC Bathymetry GEBCO8, CleanTopo, BlueMarbel Mean Sea level Anomaly AVISO Mean Dynamic Ocean Surface topography AVISO Near real-time Significant Wave Height and Wind-speed AVISO Ocean Surface Currents AVISO LGM Ice Extend For Land and Sea NOAA Paleoclimatology Present Global Ice Extend For Land and Sea NOAA Paleoclimatology Chlorophyll-a, monthly, annual, long-term averages etc. NOAA Ocean Color Products pH Bio-Oracle Calcite Concentration Bio-Oracle Photosynthetically Available Radiation Bio-Oracle Cloud Cover Bio-Oracle Diffuse Attenuation Bio-Oracle Global marine gravity NASA-GODC Human Impact on Marine Environment Halpern et al.2008 Threatened Red List Species Layers IUCN World Soil Database IIASA, Austria World Protected Area Regions Protected Planet-WCMC
Global environmental layers Used by, and accessible from, Aquamaps and KGS Mapper for Species Distribution Modelling Bathymetry Distance from Land Temperature Surface and Bottom Salinity Surface and Bottom Ice concentration, Annual, Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter Average Wave Height Average Surface Wind speed Average Tides Tidal Range Dissolved O2, Annual mean bottom and surface Saturated O2, Annual mean bottom and surface Apparent Oxygen Utilization (AOU), Annual mean bottom and surface Silicate, Nitrate, Phosphate – uM, Annual mean bottom and surface Chlorophyll-a Mean, Minimum, Range, Standard Deviation, Sum
Other ideas Potential Product Lead or contact person Permanent ocean pelagic features map Patricio Bernal GOBI Map of global patterns and predictor of microbial diversity Linda Amaral-Zettler Gridded global composites of present conditions for biomass, and Henry Ruhl? body size distributions, habitats, for taxonomically specific groups Monitoring indicators and variables (EBV) Brian Helmuth? Enhanced OBIS portal for analysis of above variables and Ward Appeltans biodiversity? Maps human pressure indicators Other BON WG? Marine Biodiversity Alliance of key organisations Carlo Heip, Isabel Pinto (WG5 members?) Standard globally-applicable classification of marine habitats Mark Costello +2 Other? ?
What can products be? • Resources for use by policy makers (e.g. funding, fisheries) and/or scientists • Evidence based recommendations for management organisations, e.g. GEO, IUCN, CBD, GBIF, etc. • Open-access, online publications, • New databases • Enhanced portals to data
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