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Low residue sprout inhibition in potatoes Krt Demeulemeester, Kurt Cornelissen, Marie Demarcke Research Project RESKIA (2015-2017) Trial set-up 6 stores 4 boxes (750 kg/box) per store Ambient air ventilation + mechanical

  1. Low residue sprout inhibition in potatoes Kürt Demeulemeester, Kurt Cornelissen, Marie Demarcke

  2. Research Project RESKIA (2015-2017)

  3. Trial set-up • 6 stores • 4 boxes (750 kg/box) per store • Ambient air ventilation + mechanical cooling • Sprout control: • electrofog • restrain generator • 7 varieties per bo x

  4. Tested sprout suppressants Name Active ingredient 1 Gro-Stop Electro chloorpropham (636 g/l ) 2 Biox-M spearmint oil 100 % 3 Restrain ethylene 96% 4 Bio-024 orange oil 5 1,4 Sight 1,4-dimethylnaphthalene (987,6 g/l) 6 SmartBlock 3-decen-2-one (784 g/l) 6,5 ° C

  5. Applications: dose & timing 2016-2017 Number of Total dose applications (product per ton potatoes) 1 Bio-024 10 1000 ml 2 SmartBlock 3 300 ml 3 1,4Sight 5 100 ml 4 Restrain continuous 10 ppm 5 Biox-M 8 300 ml 6 Gro-Stop Electro 4 56,6 ml 16 Nov 23 Nov 10 May 18 May 30 May 14 Dec 21 Dec 15 Feb 20 Mar 21 Mar 29 Mar 11 Jan 17 Jan 25 Jan 19 Apr 3 May Total 4 Jan 8 Feb 8 Mar 1 Bio-024 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 1000 2 SmartBlock 100 100 100 300 3 1,4Sight 20 20 20 20 20 100 4 Restrain 10 10 5 Biox-M 90 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 300 6 Gro-Stop 18,8 12,6 12,6 12,6 56,6 Electro

  6. Varieties Industry Fresh market Double Fontane Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Innovator (MH) MH = maleic-hydrazide 8

  7. Assessments Effectiveness Other parameters • Sprouting • Fry colour • 1 February • Internal sprouting • 15 March • 1 May • Silver scurf • 15 June • Black dot • Shelf-life (fresh-market varieties) • Cooking quality • Washing • Weight loss • Store 2 weeks @ 15°C • Sprouting +7d and +14d

  8. Sprouting – scale Sprouting index (1-6 ) 1. No sprouts 2. White point 3. Biggest sprout < 2 mm 4. Biggest sprout 2 – 5 mm 5. Biggest sprout 5 – 10 mm 6. Biggest sprout > 10 mm Only biggest sprout assessed (white and brown apart)

  9. Sprouting index at unloading Sprouts < 2mm (%) Sprouts 2-5mm (%) Sprouts > 5mm (%) Sprouting index (1-6) (All) 3.8 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.9 1.8 Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola May 1 st June 15 th February 1 st T1 March 15 th T2 T3 T4

  10. Sprouting index at unloading Sprouts < 2mm (%) Sprouts 2-5mm (%) Sprouts > 5mm (%) Sprouting index (1-6) Gro-Stop 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.9 Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola May 1 st June 15 th February 1 st T1 March 15 th T2 T3 T4

  11. Sprouting index at unloading Sprouts < 2mm (%) Sprouts 2-5mm (%) Sprouts > 5mm (%) Sprouting index (1-6) Bio-024 4.9 4.8 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.2 1.9 Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola May 1 st June 15 th February 1 st T1 March 15 th T2 T3 T4

  12. Sprouting index at unloading Sprouts < 2mm (%) Sprouts 2-5mm (%) Sprouts > 5mm (%) Sprouting index (1-6) Biox-M 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.0 1.8 2.5 2.3 Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola May 1 st June 15 th February 1 st T1 March 15 th T2 T3 T4

  13. Sprouting index at unloading Sprouts < 2mm (%) Sprouts 2-5mm (%) Sprouts > 5mm (%) Sprouting index (1-6) 5.3 Restrain 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.3 4.4 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.4 3.2 3.1 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.6 3.2 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.0 2.6 1.9 Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola May 1 st June 15 th February 1 st T1 March 15 th T2 T3 T4

  14. Sprouting index at unloading Sprouts < 2mm (%) Sprouts 2-5mm (%) Sprouts > 5mm (%) Sprouting index (1-6) Smartblock 3.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola May 1 st June 15 th February 1 st T1 March 15 th T2 T3 T4

  15. Sprouting index at unloading Sprouts < 2mm (%) Sprouts 2-5mm (%) Sprouts > 5mm (%) Sprouting index (1-6) 1,4 Sight 3.1 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola Bintje Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh Markies Charlotte Nicola May 1 st June 15 th February 1 st T1 March 15 th T2 T3 T4

  16. 4.4 4.4 Bintje Comparison June 2017 (after 8 months storage) Fontane 4.0 Innovator BIO 024 Innovator_mh 3.4 4.2 4.2 Markies Sprouts < 2 mm Charlotte 4.6 Nicola Bintje 1.0 1.1 Fontane Smartblock Innovator 1.5 1.3 Innovator_mh Markies 1.1 1.1 1.1 Charlotte Nicola 2.8 2.9 2.7 Bintje Sprouts 2-5mm Fontane Innovator 1,4 Sight 3.0 Innovator_mh 2.5 Markies 2.1 Charlotte 2.4 Nicola 4.5 4.6 Bintje Fontane 5.1 Innovator Sprouts > 5mm Ethyleen Restrain 4.0 Innovator_mh 2.8 Markies 3.0 Charlotte 5.0 Nicola 3.6 3.6 Bintje Fontane Innovator 3.3 Biox M 3.5 3.4 Innovator_mh Markies Sprouting index (1-6) 2.9 Charlotte Nicola 3.6 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 Bintje Gro Stop Electro Fontane Innovator Innovator_mh 3.4 Markies Charlotte 2.9 3.0 Nicola

  17. Fry colour (0-6) Varieties Products Gro Stop Innovator_mh Biox M Innovator Restrain Markies 1,4 Sight Fontane SmartBlock Bintje Bio 024 2.0 3.0 4.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 19/jun 8/mei 15/jan 1/feb 19/jun 8/mei 15/mrt 1/feb

  18. Internal sprouting (% tubers) Varieties Products Nicola Gro Stop Charlotte Biox M Innovator_mh Restrain Innovator 1,4 Sight Markies SmartBlock Fontane Bio 024 Bintje 0 2 4 0 2 4 19/jun 8/mei 15/mrt 19/jun 8/mei 15/mrt

  19. Skin diseases Silver scurf Black dot

  20. Trial @ Thorembais (Pomuni) 1,4 Sight vs. CIPC 2016-2017

  21. Trial outline Location Assessments • Wooden boxes • Sprouting before washing • 2 cels 900 tonnes • Shelflife at 10°C and 18°C • Multiple varieties • Sprouting after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days • Challenger • Noblesse • Fogging

  22. Fogging regime & residues Date Box A Box B Residue Challenger Noblesse CIPC 14 Nov Growstop Fog 4 Jan 0,13 3,20 300g/l 25 Jan 0,65 5,90 22 Nov 1,4 Sight 10 Jan 1,4 Sight 16 Jan Growstop Fog 300g/l Dose: 20 ml/ton Residue Washed Peeled Challenger DMN 25 Jan no no - 28 Jan (+ 3d) yes no 0,76 1 Feb (+ 7d) yes no 0,51 23 Feb (+ 28d) yes no 0,23 23 Feb (+ 28d) yes yes 0,04

  23. Challenger - sprouting 6.0 Challenger - CIPC - 18°C Challenger - 1,4 Sight - 18°C Challenger - CIPC - 10°C Challenger - 1,4 Sight - 10°C 5.0 SPROUTING INDEX (1-6) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 5 jan 11 jan 19 jan 26 jan 2 feb 26 jan 2 feb 9 feb 16 feb 23 feb T1 T2 Fogging Mid January

  24. Noblesse- sprouting 6.0 Noblesse - CIPC - 18°C Noblesse - 1,4 Sight - 18°C Noblesse - CIPC - 10°C Noblesse - 1,4 Sight - 10°C 5.0 SPROUTING INDEX (1-6) 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 5 jan 11 jan 19 jan 26 jan 2 feb 26 jan 2 feb 9 feb 16 feb 23 feb T1 T2 Fogging Mid January

  25. Conclusions CIPC can be replaced for long term storage Shelf-Life • Alternatives work enough up to 7 days @ 15 °C without MH • Effect of interval between treatment and unloading Quality not influenced by product except... • Internal germination (suppressant vs. inhibitor) • Fry colour (depending on variety x product)

  26. Acknowledgments Partners Funding

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