Lif ife o on the n the Nu Nu F Frontie ntier Neutrinos - known - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Lif ife o on the n the Nu Nu F Frontie ntier Neutrinos - known - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Lif ife o on the n the Nu Nu F Frontie ntier Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K No a Daya Bay Laura Kormos Future frontiers Lancaster University The

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SLIDE 1

1

Lif ife o

  • n the

n the Nu Nu F Frontie ntier

Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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SLIDE 2

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay/Reno Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

e   =

U e1 U e2 U e3 U 1 U 2 U 3 U 1 U 2 U 3 1 2 3

mass eigenstates weak eigenstates

cij= cosθij, sij= sinθij

U= 1 c23 s23 0 −s23 c23 c13 s13e

−i

1 −s13e

−i

c13  c12 s12 −s12 c12 0 1

Neutrino mixing can be described by a set of linear equations matrix.

Parameters describing favour change and matter/antimatter asymmetry.

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SLIDE 3

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

3

e   =

U e1 U e2 U e3 U 1 U 2 U 3 U 1 U 2 U 3 1 2 3

mass eigenstates weak eigenstates

cij= cosθij, sij= sinθij

U= 1 c23 s23 0 −s23 c23 c13 s13e

−i

1 −s13e

−i

c13  c12 s12 −s12 c12 0 1

atmospheric solar

For some combinations

  • f L, E, Δmij

2, mixing

between 2 states dominates other mixings.

Neutrino mixing can be described by a set of linear equations matrix.

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SLIDE 4

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

3

e   =

U e1 U e2 U e3 U 1 U 2 U 3 U 1 U 2 U 3 1 2 3

mass eigenstates weak eigenstates

cij= cosθij, sij= sinθij

U= 1 c23 s23 0 −s23 c23 c13 s13e

−i

1 −s13e

−i

c13  c12 s12 −s12 c12 0 1

atmospheric solar

For some combinations

  • f L, E, Δmij

2, mixing

between 2 states dominates other mixings.

1st Beyond SM physics!

Neutrino mixing can be described by a set of linear equations matrix.

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e   ~ 0.8 0.5 s13e

−i 

0.4 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7  1 2 3

We know:

  • ν's have mass.
  • ν's change favour.
  • Flavour change is

consistent with

  • scillation.
  • θ12 ~ 35o.
  • θ23 ~ 37-53o.
  • θ13 < 12o.
  • Δm2

23, Δm2 12.

We don't know: (1) Value of θ13. (2) Sign of the mass ordering. (3) Deviation of θ23 from maximal. (4) Value of δ. (5) Number of ν types. (6) Majorana or Dirac? (7) Absolute ν masses.

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

Neutrinos - known and unknown

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4

e   ~ 0.8 0.5 s13e

−i 

0.4 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7  1 2 3

We know:

  • ν's have mass.
  • ν's change favour.
  • Flavour change is

consistent with

  • scillation.
  • θ12 ~ 35o.
  • θ23 ~ 37-53o.
  • θ13 < 12o.
  • Δm2

23, Δm2 12.

We don't know: (1) Value of θ13. (2) Sign of the mass ordering. (3) Deviation of θ23 from maximal. (4) Value of δ. (5) Number of ν types. (6) Majorana or Dirac? (7) Absolute ν masses.

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

Measure me!

Neutrinos - known and unknown

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SLIDE 7

4

e   ~ 0.8 0.5 s13e

−i 

0.4 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.7  1 2 3

We know:

  • ν's have mass.
  • ν's change favour.
  • Flavour change is

consistent with

  • scillation.
  • θ12 ~ 35o.
  • θ23 ~ 37-53o.
  • θ13 < 12o.
  • Δm2

23, Δm2 12.

We don't know: (1) Value of θ13. (2) Sign of the mass ordering. (3) Deviation of θ23 from maximal. (4) Value of δ. (5) Number of ν types. (6) Majorana or Dirac? (7) Absolute ν masses.

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

Measure me!

Long- and short- baseline expts MiniBooNE 0νββ expts Tritium decay expts

Neutrinos - known and unknown

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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ν are produced by:

  • the sun,
  • cosmic rays in the atmosphere,
  • or we make them ourselves in
  • reactors,
  • dedicated beams.

A muon in Super Kamiokande

Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

6

Solar/Atmospheric θ12/θ23 SNO (ended 2006) Borexino Super Kamiokande Short-baseline/ reactor θ12,θ23,θ13 Chooz (ended 1998) KamLAND DoubleChooz Daya Bay Reno Long-baseline/ accelerator θ23,θ13, MSW effects, δ K2K (ended 2005) MINOS MiniBooNE Icarus and Opera T2K Noνa Not an exhaustive list!

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Long-baseline/ accelerator θ23,θ13, MSW effects, δ K2K (ended 2005) MINOS MiniBooNE Icarus and Opera T2K Noνa Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement Short-baseline/ reactor θ12,θ23,θ13 Chooz (ended 1998) KamLAND DoubleChooz Daya Bay Reno

Chooz site, France MINOS ν target

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SLIDE 11

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

7

Long-baseline/ accelerator θ23,θ13, MSW effects, δ K2K (ended 2005) MINOS MiniBooNE Icarus and Opera T2K Noνa Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement Short-baseline/ reactor θ12,θ23,θ13 Chooz (ended 1998) KamLAND DoubleChooz Daya Bay Reno

Chooz site, France

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SLIDE 12

Chooz: Reactor anti-νe Looking for anti-νe disappearance.

  • Detected via νe+p→e++n
  • Baseline: 1.0 and 1.1 km
  • Target: 5 ton 0.09% Gd in LS
  • Data: Apr '97 - Jul '98

No evidence of disappearance but best limit to date on θ13.

8

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Chooz: sin22θ13< 0.10 (θ < 9.2o) Double Chooz Double Chooz

  • 2 identical detectors
  • Near: 400m; Far: 1.05 km

Expected limits: Phase 1 2010 FD 1.5 yrs sin22θ13< 0.08. Phase 2 2012 ND+FD, 3 yrs sin22θ13< 0.03.

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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DoubleChooz: sin22θ13< 0.03 Double Chooz Double Chooz

  • 2 identical detectors
  • Near: 400m; Far: 1.05 km

Expected limits: Phase 1 2010 FD 1.5 yrs sin22θ13< 0.08. Phase 2 2012 ND+FD, 3 yrs sin22θ13< 0.03.

Predicted sensitivity

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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MINOS: Accelerator νμ. Looking for νe appearance, νμ disappearance, sterile ν

Detect νe + Fe → e + X (CC)

  • NuMI beam from FNAL
  • Baseline: 735 km
  • Far detector in Soudan Mine
  • Near detector at 1 km.

MINOS Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

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MINOS detectors

Steel/scintillator sampling calorimeters, magnetised ~1.3T Near Detector: 1km downstream of target, ~1kT total mass, shaped as squashed octagon 4.8x3.8x15m3, partially instrumented (282 steel, 153 scintillator planes) Far Detector: 735km downstream of target, 5.4kT with 2 supermodules shaped as octagonal prism 8x8x30m3, 486 steel, 484 scintillator planes)

NEAR DETECTOR FAR DETECTOR

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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13

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Z-decay width → 3 active ν favours. Sterile ν do not interact via weak force. Sterile ν → defcit of NC events in MINOS. f = fraction of disappearing νμ that could convert to νs.

14

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

MINOS search for active neutrino disappearance

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SLIDE 20

April 9th!

New νe result with 2x statistics.

2010

νμ, , νμ , sterile ν. Just fnished νμ run with 1.8 x 1020 POT. Switching back to νμ. Plan to run until Oct 2011

15

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

MINOS upcoming!

Done: 1.5σ excess reduced to 0.7σ with new data.

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SLIDE 21

Neutrino Beam: J-P ARC

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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SUP UPERB RBEAM

T2K: Accelerator νμ. Looking for νe appearance, νμ disappearance, δ 2 near detectors at 280 m INGRID (on-axis) ND280 (off-axis) Far detector at 295 km SuperKamiokande Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

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m2=3x10-3

Off axis-beam  narrow band, just the  we want.

UA1 magnet (recycled)  0.2T field 17

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

Detect νμ + O,C → μ + X (CC)

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SLIDE 23

m2=3x10-3

Off axis-beam  narrow band, just the  we want.

17

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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SK: 50,000 tons water-Cherenkov cylindrical detector in the Kamioka mountains.

Sharp edge

μ

2 e-like rings

π0

Fuzzy edge

e

18

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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SLIDE 25

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

First ND280 Neutrino Event

19th Dec 2009 07:40

P0D P0D TPC1 (not there yet) TPC3 (not yet fully read out) FGD1 DS ECal TPC2 FGD2

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

First ND280 Neutrino Event

19th Dec 2009 07:40

P0D P0D TPC1 Now working! TPC3 Now working! FGD1 DS ECal TPC2 FGD2

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SLIDE 27

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

First T2 T2K Event at SK

24th Feb 2010 06:00

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SLIDE 28

N(x)/ )/ N ( (

   )

 disappearance e appearance

sin2223 Δm23

2

E (MeV)‏

Predicted sensitivity to θ13 (eappearance) and θ23 ( disappearance) after 5 years (750 kW)of beam (end 2014).

21 N(x)/ )/ N ( (

   )

Chooz 90%

sin22θ12=0.87 sin22θ23=1.0 Δm2

12=7.6x10-5ev2

δCP=0

sin22θ13

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

22

Current status: taking ν data until summer shutdown (Jul-Sep). beam group working to improve intensity/stability. everyone working to develop/refne analyses. just fnished initial detector calibrations.

candidate ν event

  • magnet on.
  • all inner detectors operating.
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SLIDE 30

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

23

Noνa: Accelerator νμ. Looking for νe appearance, νμ disappearance, δ, mass hierarchy.

Detect νμ + N → μ + N' (CC)

  • NuMI beam from FNAL
  • Baseline: 810 km
  • off-axis 0.8o , 2 GeV

Noνa Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

22

Noνa: Accelerator νμ. Looking for νe appearance, νμ disappearance, δ, mass hierarchy.

Detect νμ + N → μ + N' (CC)

  • NuMI beam from FNAL
  • Baseline: 810 km
  • off-axis 0.8o , 2 GeV
  • Far detector 15 kT
  • Ash River MN
  • Identical Near detector
  • 215 T at 1 km.
  • 3 years νμ,3 years anti-νμ.

ND taking data on surface spring 2010. Move UG autumn 2011. FD construction 2011-2013. Modular → data after 1st few kT. Sensitivity ~ T2K, reactor experiments. Noνa

21 24

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Daya Bay - Reactor anti- νe search for θ13.

Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

25

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

  • 70 km NE of

Hong Kong airport.

  • Detectors underground

in the hills.

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SLIDE 33

Daya Bay - Reactor anti- νe search for θ13.

  • 2 power plants, 2 ND, 1 FD.
  • 8 moveable, identical, interchangeable

20 T, anti-nu detector (AD) modules.

  • Each ND has 2 modules.
  • FD has 4 modules.
  • Expect 1% sensitivity.
  • Peak Eν = 4 MeV

.

  • νe + p → n + e+

26

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Daya Bay - Reactor anti- νe search for θ13.

363 m 500 m 27

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

Baselines in meters Expected number of IBD events, hall depth, expected muon and background rates.

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  • Civil construction started 2007

.

  • First pair of ADs

to Daya Bay 2009.

  • Data 2010.
  • 3 years to reach sensitivity goal.

28

Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

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Laura Kormos Lancaster University Birmingham 2010

  • Civil construction started 2007

.

  • First pair of ADs

to Daya Bay 2009.

  • Data 2010.
  • 3 years to reach sensitivity goal.

29

3 years 90% CL. Green band is 90% Confdence region

  • n Δm2

13 .

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SLIDE 37

Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement What does the future hold? Many new experiments coming online now or in the next 5 years. Possible upgrades (depending on what we fnd) T2HK, T2HKK, DUSEL β-beams, ν-factories All-purpose neutrino/DM/0νββ sites.

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SLIDE 38

Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

θ13

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SLIDE 39

Neutrinos - known and unknown Neutrino experiments Long and short baseline experiments Chooz/Double Chooz MINOS T2K Noνa Daya Bay Future frontiers The Next Big Measurement

θ13 constrains existing models (GUT, tribimaximal mixing, favour models). If large enough, we next measure δ. (It could be why we're all here....)