Leadership Dialogue Talking Points: SDG7 in Indonesia and the Asia- - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Leadership Dialogue Talking Points: SDG7 in Indonesia and the Asia- Pacific SDG7 Conference, Leadership Dialogue UNESCAP, Bangkok — 22 February 2018 Vice Chairman of Commission VII & Chairman of the Green Economy Caucus The House of RepresentaRves of the Republic of Indonesia

Agenda 1. Renewable energy 2. Energy access 3. Energy efficiency 4. Energy and health

Renewable energy Global RE investment trends Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance

Renewable energy Global solar PV price trend Source: World Economic Forum, Renewable Infrastructure Investment Handbook.

Renewable energy Comparison of naGonal RE targets Country RE target in naRonal energy mix Year Status Indonesia 23% 2025 6% (2017) Mexico 35% 2024 15.86% (2016) China 20% (TPES) 2030 12% (2015) India 175 GW (addiGonal capacity) 2024 13.2% (Oct, 2017) Brazil 28–33% (tanpa hydro power) 2030 5.3 (2015) South Africa 20% 2030 5.5% (2015)

Renewable energy Indonesia’s RE potenGal No. Type of energy Resources Reserves PotenRal 1 Geothermal 11,997.5 MWe 17,546 MWe 29,543.5 MW 2 Hydro 45,379 MW 75,000 MW (idenGfied 3 Mini-micro hydro resources) 4 Biomass 32,654 MWe 5 Solar 4.8 kWh/m 2 /day 6 Wind 970 MW 7 Uranium 3,000 MW 8 Shale Gas 574 TSCF 9 Coal-based Methane 456.7 TSCF 10 Marine current 1995.2 MW (pracGcal potenGal) 11 Ocean Thermal Energy 41,012 MW (pracGcal potenGal) Conversion 12 Tidal 4,800 MW (pracGcal potenGal)

Renewable energy RE target for naGonal energy mix • The Indonesian government is pursuing policies and strategies to increase investment appeGte for renewable energy and its porGon in the naGonal energy mix. 2016 2025 2050 Role of energy Commodity Prime mover of economy Renewables mix 7% 23% 31% Energy provision 169 MTOE 400 MTOE 1.012 MTOE 24% 55 GW 136 GW 443 GW Power capacity (renewables 8 (renewables > 45 (renewables > 167 2050 GW) GW) GW) 31% Energy elasticity > 1 < 1 < 1 1,012 MTOE 25% Elec./capita/year 865 KWh 2.500 kWh 7.000 kWh Electrification ratio 88% ∼ 100% ∼ 100% 20% 22% 7.6% 2025 30% 23.8 23% 400 MTOE % 2016 31.4 2016 Renewables % 169 169 25% Coal MT MTOE E 37.1 Crude Oil % Source: NaGonal Energy Council 2017 Natural Gas

Renewable energy Environmental technologies market Indonesia ranks seventh overall out of 50 countries on the 2015 Top Markets Study (TMS) with the market for environmental technologies valued at USD 6.3 billion in 2016. (InternaRonal Trade AdministraRon, 2016)

Renewable energy SDG 7 in Indonesian policy framework • There are 17 specific SDGs to be achieved by 2030, elaborated into 169 targets and 241 indicators. • SDG 13 addresses climate acGon, whereas SDG 7 strives to: “Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all” . • The House of Rep. and the Government (including the NaGonal Development Planning Agency as naGonal focal point for SDGs) are commiced to integrate SDG7 into Indonesia’s naGonal policy framework for RE development. • This is in line with SDG 13 on climate acGon, the output of which is naGonal commitment for cross- sectoral climate acGon through Indonesia’s NDC.

Renewable energy SDG 7: indicators/subindicators 7.1 By 2030, ensure universal access to affordable, reliable 7.1.1 ProporGon of populaGon with and modern energy services access to electricity 7.1.2 ProporGon of populaGon with primary reliance on clean fuels and technology 7.2 By 2030, increase substanRally the share of renewable 7.2.1 Renewable energy share in the energy in the global energy mix total final energy consumpGon 7.3 By 2030, double the global rate of improvement in energy 7.3.1 Energy intensity measured in efficiency terms of primary energy and GDP 7.a By 2030, enhance internaRonal cooperaRon to facilitate 7.a.1 InternaGonal financial flows to access to clean energy research and technology, including developing countries in support of renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and clean energy research and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in development and renewable energy infrastructure and clean energy technology energy producGon, including in hybrid systems 7.b By 2030, expand infrastructure and upgrade technology 7.b.1 Investments in energy efficiency as for supplying modern and sustainable energy services for a proporGon of GDP and the all in developing countries, in parRcular least developed amount of foreign direct countries, small island developing States and landlocked investment in financial transfer for developing countries, in accordance with their respecRve infrastructure and technology to programmes of support sustainable development services

Renewable energy SDG 7 in economic development pillar Sumber: Bappenas 2017

Renewable energy Indonesian energy policy framework Sumber: Bappenas 2017

Breaking down SDG 13 Climate-related hazards, natural disasters 13.1 Strengthen 13.1.1 Number of deaths, missing persons and directly affected persons resilience and acributed to disasters per 100,000 populaGon adapRve capacity 13.1.2 Number of countries that adopt and implement naGonal disaster risk to climate- reducGon strategies in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk related hazards ReducGon 2015-2030 and natural 13.1.3 ProporGon of local governments that adopt and implement local disaster disasters in all risk reducGon strategies in line with naGonal disaster risk reducGon countries strategies Disaster management is handled by the Indonesian NaGonal Board for Disaster Management • (BNPB), overseen by Commission VIII. Lessons learned: from September to October 2015, daily esRmated GHG emissions from fires in • Indonesia surpassed average daily emissions from the enRre US economy (approximately 15.95 Mt CO2 per day). AnGcipaGng future crises: BNPB reported that per 22 August 2017, 538 hotspots (fires) have been • detected (medium to high confidence), parGcularly escalaGng in West Kalimantan (193 spots) and Papua (143 spots). Haze is a prime example of how climate change engenders cross-sectoral ramificaGons (disaster • management, geopoliGcs, environment, forestry and land use, law enforcement, etc.), which in turn necessitates cross-sectoral acGon.

Breaking down SDG 13 NaGonal policies, strategies, planning 13.2 Integrate climate 13.2.1 Number of countries that have communicated the establishment or change measures operaGonalizaGon of an integrated policy/strategy/plan which increases into naRonal their ability to adapt to the adverse impacts of climate change, and foster policies, climate resilience and low greenhouse gas emissions development in a strategies and manner that does not threaten food producGon (including a naGonal planning adaptaGon plan, naGonally determined contribuGon, naGonal communicaGon, biennial update report or other) SDG 13 à NDC à NaGonal policy, legislaGon Outline of Indonesia’s energy policy framework • Improving energy mix à 23% PP No. 79/2014 renewables by 2025, 31% by UU No. 30/2007 NaGonal Energy Policy 2030. Energy Law • Energy conservaGon. (KEN) • AcceleraGon of power plants. UU No. 22/2001 UU No. 30/2009 • ElaboraGon of targets of KEN. General Plan for Oil and Gas Law Electricity Law • Policies and strategies to NaRonal Energy achieve KEN. (RUEN) UU No. 4/2009 UU No. 21/2014 Mineral and Coal Geothermal Law Mining Law General Plan for • Breakdown and synchronizaGon Regional Energy of RUEN and KEN at regional (RUED) jurisdicGons and spaGal plans.

Breaking down SDG 13 NaGonal policies, strategies, planning -29% (UNCONDITIONAL) INDONESIA’S NDC 2030 -41% (CONDITIONAL) GHG GHG Emissions ReducRon Average GHG Emissions in 2030 Emissions Annual Average (MtCO 2 e) MtCO 2 e % of total BAU Growth in 2010 Growth Sector 2000– (Million BAU BAU CM1 CM2 CM1 CM2 CM1 CM2 2012* Tons of (2010– CO 2 e) 2030) 453.2 1,669 1,355 1,271 1 Energy 314 398 11% 14% 6.7% 4.5% (33.97%) (58.17%) (66.61%) (71.12%) 88 296 285 270 2 Waste 11 26 0.38% 1% 6.3% 4% (6.59%) (10.31%) (14.01%) (15.10%) 36 69.6 66.85 66.35 3 IPPU 2.75 3.25 0.10% 0.11% 3.4% 0.1% (2.69%) (2.42%) (3.28%) (3.71%) 110.5 119.66 110.39 115.86 4 Agriculture 9 4 0.32% 0.13% 0.4% 1.3% (8.28%) (4.17%) (5.42%) (6.48%) 647 714 217 64 5 LULUCF** 497 650 17.2% 23% 0.5% 2.7% (48.50%) (24.88%) (10.66%) (3.58%) TOTAL 1,334 2,869 2,034 1,787 834 1,081 29% 38% 3.9% 3.2% ** Including peatland fire * Including fugiGve CM1 = Counter Measure 1 ( uncondi(onal ) CM2 = Counter Measure 2 ( condi(onal )

Breaking down SDG 13 NaGonal policies, strategies, planning • The Indonesian government is pursuing policies and strategies to increase investment appeGte for renewable energy and its porGon in the naGonal energy mix. 2016 2025 2050 Role of energy Commodity Prime mover of economy Renewables mix 7% 23% 31% Energy provision 169 MTOE 400 MTOE 1.012 MTOE 24% 55 GW 136 GW 443 GW Power capacity (renewables 8 (renewables > 45 (renewables > 167 2050 GW) GW) GW) 31% Energy elasticity > 1 < 1 < 1 1,012 MTOE 25% Elec./capita/year 865 KWh 2.500 kWh 7.000 kWh Electrification ratio 88% ∼ 100% ∼ 100% 20% 22% 7.6% 2025 30% 23.8 23% 400 MTOE % 2016 31.4 2016 Renewables % 169 169 25% Coal MT MTOE E 37.1 Crude Oil % Source: NaGonal Energy Council 2017 Natural Gas