Lawns Cultivation and inter-seeding Management of Alec Kowalewski - PDF document

3/19/2018 Lawns • Primary Cultural Practices • Mowing • Fertilization • Irrigation Lawns • Cultivation and inter-seeding • Management of… Alec Kowalewski • False dandelion Turfgrass Specialist Oregon State University • White clover alec.kowalewski@oregonstate.edu Primary Cultural Practices Primary Cultural Practices 1. Mowing 2. Fertilizing 3. Irrigation Primary Cultural Practices Primary Cultural Practices Turfgrass Turfgrass 1

3/19/2018 Primary Cultural Practices Primary Cultural Practices Turfgrass MOWING 2

3/19/2018 Mowing Mowing • The one-third rule • The one-third rule 6” 4.5” Mowing following 1/3 Rule 4” Desired Mowing Height 3” 3” 2” 1.5” 1” Mowing Mowing • The one-third rule • The one-third rule • Prevent scalping • Prevent weed seed germination • Scalping… Sunlight Sunlight • Causes a brown appearance • Stops growth and development • Depletes carbohydrates • Makes turf susceptible to environmental stress 4” 3” Mowing Mowing • The one-third rule • Raise your mowing height • Prevent weed seed germination • Adhere to the one-third rule • Improve rooting Sunlight Sunlight 4” 2” 3

3/19/2018 Mowing Mowing • Raise your mowing height • Raise your mowing height • Prevent weed seed germination • Raising the height from 1.5” to 3.0” • Improved turfgrass quality Sunlight Sunlight • Reduced weed populations • Crabgrass cover by up to 52% • Dandelion populations by up to 45% • White clover by up to 58% 4” 2” Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass and fine fescue mixture Mowing Mowing • Increase your mowing frequency • Increase your mowing frequency • Adhere to the one-third rule • Adhere to the one-third rule • Increase turfgrass density • Increase turfgrass density • Weed control • Weed control • Lambsquarter • Lambsquarter • Ragweed • Ragweed 35 days 42 days • Purslane • Purslane • Garlic mustard • Garlic mustard Mowing Mowing • Increase your mowing frequency • Weeds that indicate your mowing height is to low… • Adhere to the one-third rule • Annual bluegrass • Increase turfgrass density • Crabgrass • Weed control • Dandelion • Lambsquarter • Ragweed 49 days • Purslane • Garlic mustard Annual bluegrass Crabgrass 4

3/19/2018 MOWING Fertilization • Select a fertilizer designed for turfgrass • Primary nutrient (N-P-K) • High N • Low P • 10:1 FERTILIZATION Fertilization • The holiday plan • 3-5 lbs N 1000 ft2 year • Memorial day • 1.0-1.5 lbs N 1000 ft2 • 4th of July • 0.5-1.0 lbs N 1000 ft2 • Labor day • 0.5-1.0 lbs N 1000 ft2 • Thanksgiving • 1.0-1.5 lbs 1000 ft2 5

3/19/2018 Fertilization Fertilization • The holiday plan • Cool-season turfgrass species • Kentucky bluegrass • Perennial ryegrass • Fine fescue • Tall fescue Fertilization • Low fertility weeds include… • White clover • Plantain • Black medic White clover FERTILIZATION Plantain Black medic Irrigation • Adjust your rates with the seasons • Spring • 0.0-0.75 inch week • Summer • 0.75-1.5 inch week • Fall • 0.0-0.75 inch week IRRIGATION 6

3/19/2018 Irrigation • Check your rates • 20 minutes • 0.1 inch • 0.25 inch • 0.5 inch OSU Turf Program Irrigation • Conner Olsen – M.S. Candidate • Twice as much is not twice as good • Moss ¼” applied 4 x week 1” applied once a week September 1, 2016. The left photo is ¼” applied 4 x per week, and the right photo is 1” applied once a week starting July 4, 2016. Irrigation Irrigation • Twice as much is not twice as good • Twice as much is not twice as good • Increased disease incidence • Leaching pesticides and fertilizers • Waste of water and money Dollar spot Pythium blight Brown patch 7

3/19/2018 Irrigation Irrigation • Weeds associated with drought conditions… • Weeds associated with over irrigation… • Summer annuals Crabgrass • Annual bluegrass • Knotweed • Rough bluegrass • Wood sorrel • Crabgrass Rough bluegrass Annual bluegrass Knotweed woodsorrel MARCH 31 – MOWED DAILY IRRIGATION AUG 21 – MOWED DAILY CULTIVATION & INTER-SEEDING 8

3/19/2018 Cultivation Cultivation • What is your objective when cultivating the turfgrass? • Objectives • Relive compaction • Improves gas exchange and drainage • Remove organic matter • Decreases potential for disease • Improves drainage • Prepare for seeding • Ensures seed to soil contact Cultivation Cultivation Cultivation Cultivation Non-selective pre-emergent herbicide. Non-selective pre-emergent herbicide. Applied in the spring. Applied in the spring. No inter-seeding. No inter-seeding. • Annual weeds • Annual weeds • Pre-emergent herbicides • Pre-emergent herbicides • Non-selective • Non-selective • Pendulum (a.i. pendimethalin) • Pendulum (a.i. pendimethalin) • $54/54,000 sq ft • $54/54,000 sq ft • Selective • Selective • Tupersan (a.i. siduron) • Tupersan (a.i. siduron) Knotweed – Summer annual Knotweed – Summer annual • Tenacity (a.i. mesotrione) • Tenacity (a.i. mesotrione) • • $98/54,000 sq ft $98/54,000 sq ft • Inter-seeding • Inter-seeding • $1,440/54,000 sq ft • $1,440/54,000 sq ft • 600 lbs • 600 lbs Fall – After 1 st frost Fall – After 1 st frost 9

3/19/2018 Cultivation Inter-seeding Non-selective pre-emergent herbicide. Applied in the spring. No inter-seeding. • Annual weeds • Perennial ryegrass • Pre-emergent herbicides • Growth habit • Non-selective • Bunch type • Pendulum (a.i. pendimethalin) • $54/54,000 sq ft • Germination • 7 to 10 days • Selective • Tupersan (a.i. siduron) Knotweed – Summer annual • Tenacity (a.i. mesotrione) • Inter-seeding rate • $98/54,000 sq ft • 8 to 11 lbs/1,000 sq ft • Inter-seeding • $1,440/54,000 sq ft • 600 lbs Caution label, but not on low-pact list Fall – After 1 st frost CULTIVATION & WEED MANAGEMENT INTER-SEEDING Weed Management • Common turf weeds… • 1. false dandelion • 2. white clover FALSE DANDELION False dandelion White clover 10

3/19/2018 False dandelion False dandelion • Scouting and ID • Post emergence herbicides (curative) • Perennial weed • 3-way broadleaf herbicide • Spring seeding • Trimec Classic • 2,4-D • Drought tolerant • MCPP False dandelion • Dicamba Broadleaf plantain Sow thistle Common dandelion False dandelion False dandelion • Post emergence herbicides (curative) • Apply in the fall (October 4 = 10/4 Good Buddy) • 3 or 4 -way broadleaf herbicide • SpeedZone • 2,4-D • MCPP False dandelion • Dicamaba • Carfentrazone Common dandelion Broadleaf plantain Sow thistle False dandelion False dandelion • Apply in the fall (October 4 = 10/4 Good Buddy) • Follow up applications… • Apply and then apply again 2-4 weeks later 11

3/19/2018 FALSE DANDELION WHITE CLOVER White clover White clover • Perennial weed • Post emergence herbicides (curative) • Triclopyr • Nitrogen deficient soil • Weed B Gone Chickweed… • White flower • Triclopyr and 2,4-D • Circular leaves • T Zone • Triclopyr • Sulfentrazone White clover • 2,4-D • Dicamba Chickweed English daisy Wild violet White clover False dandelion • Post emergence herbicides (curative) • Apply in the fall (October 4 = 10/4 Good Buddy) Nutsedge • Apply and then apply again 2-4 weeks later • Triclopyr • Weed B Gone Chickweed… • Triclopyr and 2,4-D • T Zone • Triclopyr • Sulfentrazone White clover • 2,4-D • Dicamba Chickweed English daisy Wild violet 12

3/19/2018 WHITE CLOVER 13