Laboratory of Reinforced Concrete, Department of Civil Engineering, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Laboratory of Reinforced Concrete, Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Demokritos University of Thrace Xanthi, Greece

Evaluation of RVS method for pre- seismic assessment of structures utilizing post-earthquake damage investigations Athanasios KARABINIS Theodoros ROUSAKIS PhD Civil Engineer PhD Civil Engineer Professor Lecturer karabin@civil.duth.gr trousak@civil.duth.gr Laboratory of Reinforced Concrete, Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Demokritos University of Thrace GR-176 00 Xanthi, Greece

Human loss prevention? Effective and feasible pre-seismic strengthening measures? Pre-seismic Identification of vulnerable buildings

Among others • overloading problems owed to short columns or soft storey Lefkada 2003

• • • 32.30 32.30 32.30 2 Ä Ä 2 2 Ä 20/55 20/55 20/55 • • • • • • • • • • • • Ä 1 1 1 Ä Ä 20/55 20/55 20/55 0 0 0 • • • • • • 20/60 20/60 • • 20/60 • 100/25 100/25 100/25 0 0 / 9 / 0 / 9 9 4 4 4 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • K K K 2 2 2 T T T 3 3 3 100/20 100/20 100/20 • • • • • • 19 19 19 • • • K K K 1 1 1 35/50 35/50 35/50 2 4 2 4 4 2 • • • Ä Ä Ä 20 20 20 30/90 30/90 30/90 Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä 20/60 20/60 20/60 18 18 18 • • • Ä Ä Ä • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ? ? ? 3 3 3 20/40 20/40 20/40 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • K K K 5 5 5 • • • • • • • • • • • • K K K 4 4 4 35/35 35/35 35/35 50/20 50/20 50/20 • • • • • • • • • K K K 6 6 6 50/35 50/35 50/35 • • • ΣΤΠΙΚΟ΢ ΟΡΟΦΟ΢ ΣΤΠΙΚΟ΢ ΟΡΟΦΟ΢ ΣΤΠΙΚΟ΢ ΟΡΟΦΟ΢ 9 0 9 0 9 0 0 / 0 0 / / 4 4 4 3 3 3 Ä 2 Ä 2 Ä 2 20/40 20/40 20/40 ?' ?' ?' 20/60 20/60 20/60 20/40 20/40 20/40 17 17 17 • • • • • • Ä Ä Ä 15 15 15 • • • • • • • • • K K K 7 7 7 25/45 25/45 25/45 • • • • • • • • • ? ? ? • • • • • • K K K 11 11 11 35/35 35/35 35/35 K K K 12 12 12 • • • • • • • • • 35/20/20/35 35/20/20/35 35/20/20/35 20/40 20/40 20/40 • • • • • • • • • • • • K K ? ? K ? 20/40 20/40 20/40 • • • • • • • • • • • • 14 14 14 ? ? ? • • • • • • • • • T T T 13 13 13 160/15 160/15 160/15 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ? ? ? 4 4 4 20/60 20/60 20/60 • • • 23.40 23.40 23.40 23.05 23.05 23.05 • • • • • • • • • • • • K K K 10 10 10 60/20/20/35 60/20/20/35 60/20/20/35 20/55 20/55 20/55 • • • • • • • • • T T T 15 15 15 15/120 15/120 15/120 • • • • • • • • • T T T 9 9 9 20/100 20/100 20/100 • • • •• •• •• ? ? ? 15/20 15/20 15/20 • • • • • • • • • T T T 14 14 14 20/120 20/120 20/120 • • • 13 13 13 • • • Ä Ä Ä • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Ä 7 Ä 7 Ä 7 2 2 2 0 / 0 / 0 / 6 6 6 0 0 0 • • • • • • • • • • • • • ? ? 4' 4' • • • 4' • • ? • • • 100/25 100/25 100/25 • • • • • • • • • • • • ? ? ? 5 5 5 20/60 20/60 20/60 • • • • • • • • • • • • ? ? ? 6 6 6 20/60 20/60 20/60 • • • • • • • • • K K K 17 17 17 • • • • • • • • • K K K 19 19 19 45/25 45/25 45/25 • • • • • • • • • • • • K K K 20 20 20 • • • • • • • • • • • • 25/25 25/25 25/25 • • • K K K 18 18 18 45/25 45/25 45/25 • • • 130/25 130/25 130/25 • • • • • • 50/30 50/30 50/30 • • • • • • • • • K K K 8 8 8 45/30 45/30 45/30 • • • 0 0 0 • •• • •• • •• 0 / 9 / 0 0 / 9 9 16 16 16 4 4 4 ? ? ? • • • Ä Ä Ä 2 1 1 2 2 1 • • • 20/55 20/55 20/55 • • • • • • 12 12 12 • • • • • • • • • Ä Ä Ä K K K 16 16 16 45/45 45/45 45/45 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ? 8 8 8 ? ? • • 40/60 • 40/60 40/60 • • • • • • • • • ? ? ? 9 9 9 40/60 40/60 40/60 • • • • • • • • • • • • ? ? ? 10 10 10 40/60 40/60 40/60 • • • • • • • • • • • • 11 ? 11 11 ? ? 40/60 40/60 40/60 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • K K K 24 24 24 35/55 35/55 35/55 • • • • • • • • • T T T 22 22 22 20/100 20/100 20/100 • • • • • • • • • K K K 25 25 25 35/60 35/60 35/60 • • • • • • • • • K K K 26 26 26 40/40 40/40 40/40 • • • • • • • • • • • • K K K 23 23 23 35/55 35/55 35/55 • • • • • • 28.95 28.95 28.95 Athens 1999 Karabinis, 2003

PRESEISMIC ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITY Developed technical guidelines: Italy Japan New Zealand USA Greece

PRESEISMIC ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITY The research focuses on the  evaluation of a 1 st level Greek macroscopic methodology for pre-seismic assessment of vulnerability of a population of existing structures necessary for the proposal of risk management measures

PRESEISMIC ASSESSMENT OF STRUCTURAL VULNERABILITY  based on the rapid visual screening method (RVS) described in FEMA 154  suitably modified to account for the particularities of former and new Greek design codes and detailing of existing structures

Evaluation through post-seismic in-situ investigations over the results of 1:1 scale experiment 1999 Athens earthquake

 applied after the 1999 Athens earthquake in selected building blocks surrounding structures with heavy damage or collapse  utilization of state data collected by the section of rehabilitation of earthquake-striken people (ΣΑ΢ in Greek) performing emergency post- seismic inspections of structures low seismic hazard zone

 applied after the 2003 Lefkada earthquake ΛΕΤΚΑΔΑ highest seismic hazard zone Α΢ΠΡΟΓΕΡΑΚΑΣΑ ΝΙΚΙΑΝΑ

In town of Lefkada ΠΑΛΙΑ ΠΟΛΗ ΝΕΑΠΟΛΗ

ELABORATION OF STATE DATA AND IN-SITU INSPECTIONS Collected data from state emergency inspections concerning post-seismic vulnerability of buildings Characterization of each building according to the level of damage: - “red” for structures with heavy damage of the bearing system or partially collapsed, that are going to be demolished, - “yellow” for structures with light or significant damage of the bearing system or heavy damage of infill walls, that have to be temporarily evacuated, some of them temporarily shored and could be rehabilitated, - “green” for structures with no damages, or light damage of infill walls or light damage only in horizontal structural members of the bearing system (beams etc), ( “ black ” structures collapsed during earthquake )

INTERRELATION OF MOST SIGNIFICANT STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DAMAGE LEVEL Variation of damage level for 463 reinforced concrete buildings in Athens 1999 earthquake 19 no seismic 89 prior „85 code 194 200 BLACK 180 RED YELLOW 160 GREEN 93 collapsed 140 Number of buildings 120 100 83 70 80 61 58 4752 60 45 35 33 31 40 21 19 10 10 20 2 6 1 6 3 4 6 2 6 0 0 0 2 0 IMPACT SHORT SOFT STOREY PRIOR TO 1959 1959-1985 1986-1995 AFTER 1995 POUNDING COLUMNS 35 10 47

1985 is considered the year that capacity design philosophy was introduced in Greek structures (after 1984 Greek Code upgrade) 1995 edition (modern design philosophy, reinforcement detailing, etc)

INTERRELATION OF STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DAMAGE LEVEL Variation of damage level for 124 reinforced concrete buildings in Lefkada 2003 earthquake prior „85 highest seismic hazard zone 37 BLACK 40 35 RED 1 partially Number of buildings YELLOW 35 GREEN collapsed 27 30 25 20 15 14 14 13 15 10 6 5 4 3 0 5 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IMPACT SHORT SOFT PRIOR TO 1959-1985 1985-1995 AFTER 1995 POUNDING COLUMNS STOREY 1959 more conservative and earlier seismic 1 design philosophy developed