12/14/2017 JUVENILE DETENTION IN WASHINGTON STATE 2016 Amanda Gilman, PhD Rachael Sanford Goals of the Statewide Detention Reporting Project ■ Count every youth in detention in the state ■ Count every admission into detention in the state ■ Understand who is in detention ■ Understand why youth are in detention 1
12/14/2017 HB 2449 all juvenile courts shall transmit y smit youth-le h-level s l secure d re detention ntion d data to the administrative office of the courts Courts are also encouraged to report individual-level data reflecting whether a detention a ntion alternati rnative, such as electronic monitoring, was used, and the time spent in detention alternatives The administrative office of the courts and the juvenile court administrators must work to develop un unif iform data orm data standa standards s for detention The administrative office of the courts shall deliver an annual al s statewide ide repor report to the legislature that details the number of Washington youth who are placed into detention facilities during the preceding calendar year Findings from the 2016 Statewide Detention Report 2
12/14/2017 Where are youth going to detention? * * Closing on December 31, 2017 3
12/14/2017 Where do we stand in terms of data availability? Data availability: here is where we started (2015) Data Available Data Unavailable 4
12/14/2017 Data availability as of the 2016 report Data Available Data Unavailable Data availability: here is where we’ll be for the 2017 report Data Available Data Unavailable 5
12/14/2017 Admissions to County Detention Facilities in 2016 Pierce 1549 King 1446 Benton/Franklin 1077 Snohomish 1058 Spokane 894 Clark 834 Cowlitz 789 Yakima 723 Kitsap 613 Thurston 607 Chelan 483 Grant 427 Whatcom 419 Grays Harbor 404 Skagit 393 Juvenile offender Lewis 391 Non-offender Okanogan 358 Clallam 321 Hold for other in-state jurisdiction (district/municipal and adult courts) Walla Walla/Columbia 279 Other in-state holds Mason 164 Out of state and Tribal holds Island 114 0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 Where are youth coming from? 6
12/14/2017 Youth-Level Detention Rates (per 1,000 Youth) by County Statewide rate: 9.3 per 1,000 One out of 100 youth in these counties went to detention at least once in 2016 Data unavailable from the following counties: Adams; Asotin; Ferry; Garfield; Lincoln; Pend Oreille; Whitman Who is in detention? 7
12/14/2017 Youth in detention by gender, race/ethnicity, and age Bla Black, k, 15 15.1% Asia As ian, 3. 3.1% 1% Nat Native Female, Fe Am Amer erican, 5. 5.1% 1% 29.7% 29. Other/Unkno her/Unknown Whit White, 50. 50.2% , 1 , 1.2% 2% Male, 70. Mal 70.2% Latino, 25. Lati 25.4% Average age = 16.1 years Proportion of Girls in Detention in 2016 by County Not shown: counties with fewer than 30 youth in detention in 2016 8
12/14/2017 Youth Detention in 2016 By Race/Ethnicity Not shown: counties with fewer than 30 youth in detention in 2016 How long do youth typically stay in detention? 9
12/14/2017 Median length of stay in detention in 2016 (in days) Offender 3.9 Non-offender 1.8 Overall 3.2 How many non-offender youth are in detention? 10
12/14/2017 In 13.4% of all detention Among admissions for non- admissions, the most serious offender matters, truancy and reason was a non-offender ARY petitions were the most matter common reasons Other her, 1.4% 1.4% Juveni Juv nile Non- Non- Dep Dependency, Offender er, 13 , 13.4% 12. 12.6% Truancy, 43. 43.8% Juven venile O le Offender nder, , ARY, 42. AR 42.2% 86.6% 86. Percent of Admissions in 2016 for a Non- Offender Matter by County Not shown: counties with fewer than 30 petitions & counties that file criminal contempt charges (please see WSCCR’s Washington State Juvenile Detention 2016 Annual Report for more detail: https://www.courts.wa.gov/subsite/wsccr/docs/2016DetentionAnnualReport.pdf) 11
12/14/2017 Tackling the issue of Becca youth in detention from a different angle ■ How many Becca petitions were filed in 2015? ■ How many of these petitions resulted in at least one detention admission within one year? ■ Of the petitions that resulted in detention, how many detention admissions did youth typically experience within one year? ■ Of the petitions that resulted in detention, how much time did youth spend in detention in the following year? ■ Are there racial/ethnic and gender disparities in Becca petition filing rates and use of detention? How many Becca petitions were filed in 2015? CHINS INS ARY ARY 235 235 1,288 288 (1.9%) (1.9 (10.1%) 0.1%) 12,738 Becca petitions were filed in 2015 (that’s 18 petitions for every 1,000 youth in the state) Truancy Truancy 11,215 215 (88.0%) 8.0%) 12
12/14/2017 Becca petitions filed per 1,000 youth (age 10-17) by county What percentage of Becca petitions resulted in at least one detention admission within one year? Percent of Petitions that Resulted in at least One Detention Admission 30% 25% 26.1% 20% 15% 10% 5% 4.7% 2.6% 0% Truancy (n=11,215) ARY (n=1,288) CHINS (n=235) All Becca (n=12,572) 13
12/14/2017 Percent of Becca petitions that resulted in detention by county Not shown: counties with fewer than 30 petitions & counties that file criminal contempt charges (please see WSCCR’s Washington State Juvenile Detention 2016 Annual Report for more detail: https://www.courts.wa.gov/subsite/wsccr/docs/2016DetentionAnnualReport.pdf) Of the Becca petitions that resulted in detention, how many detention stays did youth typically experience within one year? Statewide average: 1.9 admissions 2.4 1.2 Range across counties 14
12/14/2017 Of the Becca petitions that resulted in detention, how much time did youth spend in detention in the following year? On average, each petition resulted in 6. 6.1 da 1 days ys in detention in the year following the petition filing. 0.9 15.2 Range across counties Are there racial/ethnic disparities in Becca petition filing rates and use of detention? 15
12/14/2017 Twenty-seven percent of youth in Washington State are Black, Latino, or Native American (2015). 27% Forty percent of Becca petitions filed in 2015 involved a Black, Latino, or Native American youth. 40% Forty-three percent of Becca petitions filed in 2015 that resulted in at least one detention episode 43% involved a Black, Latino, or Native American youth. Racial/ethnic disparities in Becca petition filing rates and use of detention % in % in popul population on % amon % among g pe peti titions % amon among g pe peti titions s with wi th de detention White 63.3% 55.9% 55.9% Black/African 6.0% 9.4% 8.2% American Native 1.9% 5.3% 5.4% American/Alaska Native Asian/Pacific 9.5% 3.9% 1.3% Islander Latino/Hispanic 19.3% 25.5% 29.2% 16
12/14/2017 Are there gender disparities in Becca petition filing rates and use of detention? ■ Females make up about half (49%) of the youth population, 47% of all Becca petitions filed and 46% of all petitions resulting in detention. – No evidence that girls are more likely than boys to have a petition filed or to go to detention as a result – But how does this compare to the general juvenile justice population? Gender by non-offender and offender populations % Female by Juvenile Justice Population referrals/petitions detention admissions 49.9% 49.7% 47.3% 46.9% 46.1% 41.8% 30.4% 27.2% Offender All Non-Offfender ARY/CHINS TRU 17
12/14/2017 Key take away points ■ First annual statewide detention report was released in early 2017 in response to HB 2449. In 2016: – Nearly one in every 100 youth in Washington State experienced at least one detention stay, with substantial variability by county; – About 13% of admissions were for a non-offender matter, with substantial variability by county. – Admissions for offender matters were typically twice as long as admissions for non- offender matters; ■ Additional analyses regarding Becca petitions filed in 2015 show that: – About 5% of Becca petitions resulted in at least one detention stay in the year following the petition being filed; – ARY petitions are about 10 times more likely than truancy petitions to result in detention; – On average, Becca youth who went to detention had 1.9 detention admissions and spent 6.1 days in detention over the course of the year; – There was evidence of racial disproportionality at both the petition filing stage and the detention stage, but more so at the filing stage; – The Becca population had a notably higher proportion of females than the offender population. Thank You Amanda Gilman, PhD Senior Research Associate Washington State Center for Court Research Administrative Office of the Courts amanda.gilman@courts.wa.gov 18
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