Sustainability Transition Assessment and Research of Bio-based Products Grant Agreement Number 727740 WP8 Standards on sustainability of bio-based products - gaps and recommendations - STAR-ProBio final virtual meeting 28/04/2020 Janusz Gołaszewski www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
Introduction Do bio-based products require sustainability assessment ? ▪ a „bio - ”, „eco - ”, „green - ” product does not mean sustainable only because of the name consumer perceives the prefix „bio” as not harmful ▪ ▪ avoid greenwashing to the environment and with pro-healthy properties ▪ … „bio” „bio” 44 Is a certified sustainable bio-based product is beneficial for a company ? ▪ competitive advantage ▪ positive brand perception ▪ higher revenue manufacturer perceives the prefix „bio” as a ▪ ▪ … promotional economic activity How well do bio-based products meet a set of current requirements on sustainability? ▪ What do bio-based products offer? ▪ What is the consumer’s demand? www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
Objectives Approach ▪ to screen the current sustainability schemes ▪ to detect underdeveloped areas Requirements Recommendations ▪ to identify internal and external on sustainability and on sustainability to factors related to the improvement current regulations standard schemes of sustainability schemes ▪ to provide recommendations to Cycle of improve current sustainability continuous improvement schemes GAP analysis Recognition SWOT/PESTEL, of issues beyond the DPSIR model scope of current ……. regulations, gap identification From analysis of the current regulations on sustainability of bio- based products to recommendations for improvements www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
The basis for sustainability requirements „…There is nothing more wrong than that. What we are doing is using taxpayers' money - which means our money - to boost hurricanes, to spread droughts, to melt glaciers, to bleach corals. In one word - to destroy the world. …„ U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, Vienna, Austria. Conference on Climate Change 2019 Potential environmental, economic and social impacts related to/mitigated by bio-based products Sustainability Environmental implications Economic implications Social implications addressed to • depletion of natural biotic and abiotic resources • higher prices of bio-based feedstock. • food insecurity Resources • • threats to standard of life and lifestyle potential conflict with food sector • destruction of natural habitats due to land use • the focus on short-term profits at the cost of • underpinning human life support systems Land use • threats to provisional ecosystem services changes and biodiversity loss maintaining the long-term environmental sustainability • land grabbing • soil degradation due to inadequate • a lower profitability for farmers due to • local communities bear off-site costs Soil rehabilitation after intensive uptake of nutrients decreased soil fertility • changes in watersheds both due to water • growing demand for fresh water • limited access to fresh water Water overexploitation (irrigation) and agricultural runoffs (eutrophication) • emissions related to the use of non-renewable • generation of external costs • threat to health Air materials, manufacturing, and waste management www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
Regulations CEN standards (bio-based products) (EC Mandates M/429 (2008) M/491 and M/492 (2011) WG1: Terminology ▪ EN 16575:2014 Bio-based products – Vocabulary WG2: Bio-solvents ▪ CEN/TS 16766: 2015 Bio-based solvents – Requirements and test methods WG3: Bio-based content ▪ CEN/TR 16721:2014 Bio-based products – Overview of methods to determine the bio-based content ▪ EN 16640:2017 Bio-based products – Bio-based carbon content – Determination of the bio-based carbon content using the radiocarbon method ▪ EN 16640:2017/AC:2017 Bio-based products – Bio-based carbon content – Determination of the bio-based carbon content using the radiocarbon method ▪ EN 16785-1:2015 Bio-based products – Bio-based content – Part 1: Determination of the bio-based content using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis WG4: Sustainability criteria, life cycle analysis and related issue ▪ CEN/TR 16957:2016 Bio-based products – Guidelines for Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) for the End-of-Life phase ▪ EN 16751:2016 Bio-based products – Sustainability criteria ▪ EN 16760:2015 Bio-based products – Life Cycle Assessment WG5: Certification and declaration tools ▪ EN 16848:2016 Bio-based products - Requirements for Business to Business communication of characteristics using a Data Sheet ▪ EN 16935:2017 Bio-based products - Requirements for Business-to-Consumer communication and claims www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
Regulations ISO standards (sustainability) environment-related ▪ ISO 14040:2016 Environmental management - Life cycle assessment - Principles and framework. ▪ ISO 14045:2012 Environmental management - Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems. Principles, requirements, and guidelines ▪ ISO 14046:2014 Environmental management - Water footprint - Principles, requirements, and guidelines other horizontal standards ▪ ISO/TS 14067:2013 GHG emissions: Greenhouse gases. Carbon footprint of products. Requirements and guidelines for quantification and communication ▪ ISO 14046:2014 Water Footprint: Environmental management. Water footprint. Principles, requirements and guidelines bio-based energy ▪ ISO 13065:2015 Sustainability criteria for bioenergy www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
Regulations Overview of horizontal standards on sustainability of biofuels and bioliquids, solid and gaseous biomass, and bio-based products NTA 8080:2015 (NEN) ISO 13065:2015 Biofuels & Solid & Bio-based Level of detail Bioliquids gaseous products Sustainably produced biomass for bioenergy and bio-based products. Part 1 Sustainability Sustainability criteria biomass requirement. for bioenergy The basis to develop a certification ▪ Principles/ Criteria/ system that offers organizations an ISO 13065:2015 EN 16751 ▪ specifies principles, criteria instrument to demonstrate that they Indicators Sustainability criteria for bioenergy and indicators for the comply with the sustainability bioenergy supply chain to requirements of NTA 8080. facilitate assessment of NTA 8080 Minimum NTA 8081 (cert. scheme) environmental, social and requirements NTA 8081, Better Biomass economic aspects of sustainability Better Biomass (cert. scheme) ▪ applicable to the whole EN 16214 Verifiers supply chain, parts of a ▪ an international certification system for (only RED sustainability supply chain or a single solid, liquid and gaseous biomass aspects) process in the supply chain ▪ it consists of sustainability requirements, chain-of-custody requirements and rules ▪ does not establish The place of bio-based products in the standards on sustainability for certification thresholds (Own on the basis of Willemse H. NEN, 2017) ▪ does not determine the EN 16214 sustainability of processes or products ▪ EN 16214-1:2012 (08-2012) Sustainability criteria for the production of biofuels and bioliquids for energy applications – Principles, ▪ is intended to facilitate criteria, indicators and verifiers – Part 1: Terminology comparability of various ▪ CEN/TS 16214-2:2014 (01-2014) Part 2: Conformity assessment including chain of custody and mass balance bioenergy processes or products. ▪ EN 16214-3:2012 (08-2012) Part 3: Biodiversity and environmental aspects related to nature protection purposes ▪ EN 16214-4:2013 (01-2013) Part 4: Calculation methods of the greenhouse gas emission balance using a LCA approach www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
Regulations EN 16751:2016 Bio-based products – Sustainability criteria The scope ▪ it sets horizontal sustainability criteria applicable to the bio-based part of all bio-based products, excluding food, feed and energy, covering all three pillars of sustainability; environmental, social and economic aspects ▪ it does not address non-bio-based (fossil, mineral) parts of a product ▪ it can be used for two applications; either to provide sustainability information about the biomass production only, or to provide sustainability information in the supply chain for the bio-based part of the bio-based product. ▪ it sets a framework to provide information on management of sustainability aspects. ▪ it cannot be used to make claims that operations or products are sustainable since it does not establish thresholds or limits. ▪ it can be used for business-to-business (B2B) communication or for developing product specific standards and certification schemes. www.STAR-ProBio.eu Funded by the EU H2020 Programme
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