ITB and its Activities in GPS, INSAR and Satellite Altimetry Related Researches SEAMERGES Kick Off Meeting, Bangkok, 3-5 March 2004
ITB (Institute of Technology Bandung) • 1920 : TH Bandoeng • 1950 : ITB • Present : ITB BHMN Dept. of 1. Faculty of Mathematics and Basic Sciences Geodetics 2. Faculty of Industrial Engineering Engineering 3. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Planning 4. Faculty of Earth Sciences and Mineral Technology 5. Faculty of Art and Design 6. Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Technology 7. School of Management and Business 27 DEPARTMENTS, ≈ 1400 staffs, ≈ 10.000 students
Dept. of Geodetic Engineering ITB • Name to come : Dept. of Geodesy & Geomatic Eng. • Around 40 staffs. • 5 Laboratories : 1. Geodesy 2. Geomatics 3. Cadastral Surveying 4. Land Surveying 5. Marine Surveying • Related Equipments and Softwares : � 14 GPS dual-frquency geodetic-type receivers, � Bernesse 4.2, GAMIT, Gipsy and Roi-Pack softwares.
ITB GPS Related Activities • Geodynamics Study • Volcano Deformation Monitoring • Land Subsidence Study • Landslide Study
GEODYNAMICS STUDIES GEODYNAMICS STUDIES 1989 – 1994 : GPS-GPS Project (NSF,SIO, RPI, BAKOSURTANAL, ITB, and others) 1992 – 1997 : West Java Geodynamics Project (ERI Tokyo Uni, DPRI Kyoto Uni., ITB, LIPI and others) 1995 – now : GEODYSSEA (EC, GFZ, DEOS, BAKOSURTANAL, ITB, and others) Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
Volcano Volcano Monitoring Monitoring Methods Methods http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/ � Visual Seismic � Deformation � � Episodic � Chemical � Continuous � Thermal Microgravity � Geomagnetic � � Remote Sensing Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2001
Location of Studied Volcanoes Location of Studied Volcanoes P. JAWA P. JAWA T. Perahu Tangkuban Perahu Ciremai Galunggung Galunggung Kelud Kelud Bromo Bromo Guntur Guntur Ijen Ijen Batur Batur Papandayan Papandayan Semeru Semeru STUDIED VOLCANOES STUDIED VOLCANOES GPS Surveys conducted by the Dept. of Geodetic Engineering, I nstitute of Technology Bandung and the Directorate of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation
Already Conducted GPS Surveys Already Conducted GPS Surveys VOLCANO GPS SURVEYS VOLCANO GPS SURVEYS June 2001, Aug. 2002, Galunggung June 2003 Nov. 1996, Feb. 1997, June 1997, Nov. 1997, March 1998, Feb. 2001, June 2002, Guntur Oct. 1998, April 1999, Sept. Bromo Aug. 2003 1999, Feb. 2000, April 2001, Aug.2002, June 2003 May 1999, Feb. 2001, Batur June 2002, Aug. 2003 Ijen June 2002 Oct. 1998, March 1999, Dec. Papandayan 1999, June 2001, Aug. 2002, Tangkuban September 2002 Nov. 2002, June 2003 Perahu Semeru August 2003 May 1999, Feb. 2001, Kelud June 2002, Aug. 2003 Ciremai Oktober 2003 Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
Land Subsidence Types of Subsidence : • subsidence due to groundwater extraction, • subsidence induced by the load of constructions (i.e. settlement of high compressibility soil), • subsidence caused by natural consolidation of alluvium soil, and • geotectonic subsidence. � In Indonesia, land subsidence of urban coastal areas are usually caused by excessive groundwater extraction. � The already observed subsidence areas : � Jakarta, Semarang and Bandung � The expected subsidence areas � Denpasar, Surabaya and Medan Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
IMPORTANCE OF LAND SUBSIDENCE INFORMATION Flood Spatial control planning LAND Groundwater Infrastructure SUBSI DENCE extraction design and I NFORMATI ON regulation construction Sea water Environmental intrusion control conservation Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
JAKARTA & BANDUNG
GPS NETWORK DADAP PANTAI MARUNDA MARUNDA ANCOL KAMAL MUTIARA FOR MONITORING RUKINDO MUARA CENGKARENG KAPUK KAPUK LAND SUBSIDENCE BARAT TIJ ANCOL CILINCING DAAN MOGOT DAAN MOGOT KALIDERES KLP. GADING in JAKARTA AREA TOMANG TOMANG KWITANG KWITANG PULOGADUNG MERUYA MERUYA RAWAMANGUN RAWAMANGUN KEBAYORAN JATINEGARA TIMUR KUNINGAN KUNINGAN TAMAN LANGSAT Survey-1 : 2 4 - 2 6 Dec. 1 9 9 7 CONDET CONDET CINERE BARU Survey-2 : 2 9 - 3 0 June 1 9 9 9 CINERE CINERE PONDOK Survey-3 : 3 1 May - 3 June 2 0 0 0 RANGGON Survey-4 : 1 4 - 1 9 June 2 0 0 1 Survey-5 : 2 6 - 3 1 Oct. 2 0 0 1 CIBUBUR Survey-6 : 0 2 - 0 7 July 2 0 0 2 Survey-7 : 2 1 - 2 6 Dec. 2 0 0 2 NORTH GPS Stations GPS Stations GPS Stations 10 km GPS Reference Station GPS Reference Station GPS Reference Station BAKO Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2002
GPS NETWORK FOR MONITORING LAND SUBSIDENCE in BANDUNG BASIN NORTH GPS Points GPS Reference Point 10 km 10 km CMHI CMHI PSCA PSCA BRGA BRGA UJBR UJBR KPO1 KPO1 DHYK DHYK RCK2 RCK2 RCK1 RCK1 Saguling Saguling BM13L BM13L BJNS GDBG BJNS GDBG Dam Dam KPO2 KPO2 BM30X BM30X BM18L BM18L BM9L BM9L MJL2 MJL2 BM19L BM30L BM19L BM30L BNJR BNJR CPRY CPRY MJL1 MJL1 BANDUNG BASIN BANDUNG BASIN Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
GPS SURVEYS IN BANDUNG BASIN GPS Surveys Survey Period Observation Points Survey-1 21-24 Feb. 2000 PSCA,BNJR,BJNS,CMHI,DYHK,MJL1,RCK1,RCK2,UJBR PSCA,BRGA,BNJR,BJNS,CMHI,CPRY,DYHK,GDBG, Survey-2 21-30 Nov. 2001 KPO1,KPO2,MJL1,MJL2,RCK1,RCK2,UJBR PSCA,BRGA,BNJR,BJNS,CMHI,CPRY,DYHK,GDBG, Survey-3 11-14 July 2002 KPO1,KPO2,MJL1,MJL2,RCK1,RCK2,UJBR,BM9L, BM13L,BM18L,BM19L,B30X,B30R Survey-4 1-3 June 2003 Same as on Survey-3, except BRGA Using 7 dual-frequency geodetic-type receivers; Session lengths of 10-12 hours Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
LANDSLIDE & ITS MONITORING • Landslide is one of prominent geohazards that continuously affecting Indonesia, especially in the rainy season. • It destroys not only environment and property, but usually also cause deaths. • Landslide monitoring and mitigation is therefore very crucial and should be done properly. • Monitoring of landslide is usually done by using terrestrial techniques, using the systems such as extensometer, EDM (Electronic Distance Measurement), and leveling. • How about the use of GPS and/or INSAR ? Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
Ciloto Ciloto Megamendung Megamendung
Landslide GPS Monitoring Network in Ciloto GPS2 GPS2 GPS1 GPS1 LANDSLIDE LANDSLIDE to PUNCAK to PUNCAK PRONE AREA PRONE AREA GPS4 GPS4 GPS3 GPS3 Sketch is not Sketch is not GPS5 GPS5 to CIPANAS to CIPANAS to scale to scale GPS10 GPS10 NORTH NORTH GPS13 GPS13 GPS6 GPS6 M010 M010 GPS7 GPS7 GPS14 GPS14 GPS12 GPS12 GPS9 GPS9 GPS11 GPS11 Distance : Distance : GPS8 GPS8 REF2 – GPS2 : 570 m REF2 – GPS2 : 570 m GPS12 – M010 : 280 m GPS12 – M010 : 280 m Land Motion Land Motion POS1 POS1 REF1 REF1 Hasanuddin Z. Abidin, 2003
Landslide GPS Monitoring Network in Megamendung NORTH NORTH Land Motion Land Motion REFM REFM MG03 MG03 To BOGOR To BOGOR MG05 MG05 MG04 MG04 MG02 MG02 MG01 MG01 MG06 MG06 MG08 MG08 MG07 MG07 To PUNCAK To PUNCAK 500 m 500 m
How About INSAR ? • Research experience is still very limited. • Just acquire ROI-PACK software (Linux based). • Potential research areas : - volcano deformation study - land subsidence study
PRELIMINARY STUDY (PAPANDAYAN Volcano) BANDUN G Studied Area G .Papandayan Green shows vegetated or lay-over areas Blue shows water covered areas Red shows rock covered areas or homogeneous plantation. Yellow shows urban areas
INTERFEROGRAM PAPANDAYAN Volcano ERS1-25442/ ERS2-5769
2D PHASE UNWRAPPING, PAPANDAYAN Volcano The result is very poor Maybe due to a heavy vegetation
Annual JAKARTA Subsidence Rates from I nSAR JERS -1/ S AR data, processed using VEXCEL 3D S AR Processor 10 cm/ year (1993-95) 6 cm/ year (1995-98) Good correspondence with the results from Leveling and GPS Surveys. Leveling (1982-1997) and InSAR results.
Satellite Altimetry in Indonesia Research and applications development is still in preliminary stage. � Institute of Technology Bandung (ITB) Geoid determination � National Survey and Mapping Agency (Bakosurtanal) S ea S urface Topography determination
Potential Applications of Satellite Altimetry Data in Indonesia Oceanography and Geodesy and meteorology geophysics � Climate prediction • Gravity field of the ear th • Vertical datum unification • El Nino/ La Nina monitoring • Geodynamics studies • Natural hazards monitoring � Weather forecasting • Marine navigation • Offshore engineering • Marine meteorology • Fisheries and marine biology
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