Regu gula lato tory y app pproa oach h to to impr improving ving wor orking king co cond nditions itions for or g grou oups ps exp xpos osed ed to to risk risk within th within the e Nor Norwegian gian oil oil an and d ga gas s ind indus ustr try Irene B. Dahle Petroleum Safety Authority Norway (PSA) PTIL/PSA
Petr etroleum oleum Saf Safety ety Authorit uthority • Established in 1972 as part of the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate • Independent regulator from 2004 • Responsible for supervising safety and the working environment in the petroleum industry • Report to the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs • About 170 employees PTIL/PSA
Ov Over erall all goal goal “The Petroleum Safety Authority Norway will set the terms for and follow up that players in the petroleum industry maintain a high level of health, safety and the environment and emergency preparedness, and thereby also contribute to creating the highest possible value for society” PTIL/PSA
I will talk a I will talk about bout • PSA’s regulatory approach in promoting sound risk management processes for employee groups exposed to risk of suffering injury or occupational illnesses within the oil and gas industry. • Present results from regulatory activities PTIL/PSA
Gr Groups oups expos xposed to risk ed to risk 2007 2007- 2014 2014 • One of the Petroleum Safety Authority’s (PSA) main priorities since 2007 • Goals: - Contribute to that the companies in the petroleum industry develop a unified picture of the risk for illness and injury for groups of workers, and make active use of new knowledge in a risk-based approach - Follow up that the companies/operators develop framework conditions, through for instance contracts, that enables contractors and subcontractors to reduce risk for their groups - Systematize and distribute knowledge from regulatory activities - Enhance the responsibility of employer- and employee organizations and the companies, and ensure that they implement risk-reducing measures aimed at particularly vulnerable groups - help to strengthen the relationship between preventive work for groups exposed to risk and the following up of individuals with work related illnesses PTIL/PSA
Focus on g ocus on groups oups • The traditional approach: manage risk factors, such as noise, chemicals or ergonomic strain separately or in relation to specific areas such as drilling area • A groups based approach: assess the total exposure for employee groups involved in different work tasks at different work sites - Personal injuries? - Noise? - Ergonomic strain? - Chemicals? - Work pressure? PTIL/PSA
Wor orking king en envir vironment onment act act § 4-1 • The working environment in the undertaking shall be fully satisfactory when the factors in the working environment that may influence the employees’ physical and mental health and welfare are judged separately and collectively. PTIL/PSA
Framew amewor ork k conditions conditions • Increase awareness in the industry of how framework conditions, e.g. work organisation and subcontracting, influence risk and risk management processes for different groups PTIL/PSA
Subcontr Subcon tractin acting Operator Contractor Contractor Sub- Sub- Sub- Sub- Sub- contractor contractor contractor contractor contractor Sub- Sub- Sub- Sub- contractor contractor contractor contractor PTIL/PSA
Methodological a Methodological appr pproac oach • System audits based on self evaluations and meetings • System audits involving observations, verifications and interviews - Mapping and risk evaluation – a group based perspective - Competence involved in risk management - Training in health and working environment risk - Evaluation of potentially negative consequences of framework conditions – implementation of measures to reduce risk • Risk profiles developed for groups exposed to risk regarding occupational illness and personal injuries • Literature reviews of environmental framework conditions and their relation to HSE-risk (Rosness et al 2009) • Qualitative study of which implications environmental conditions (such as the financial crisis and the integration of Statoil and Hydro) have for HSE work in the contractor segment (RNNP) PTIL/PSA
Identified g Identified groups oups • Examples of groups identified by the companies or by the PSA during the period 2007 – 2014:: • Groups employed by the operator : Mechanical workers, technicians, managers and industrial cleaners • Groups employed by contractors : Well intervention workers, surface treatment workers, drill floor crew, plumbers, scaffolders, welders, cementers, divers, catering workers, rope access technicians and insulators PTIL/PSA
Trends ends in in risk risk le level el in in the the Norw Norwegian gian petr petroleum oleum activity activity (RNNP). (RNNP). • Important source of data for identifying groups exposed to risk • Results are presented in annual reports published by the PSA since 2000 • The mapping of the risk level in Norwegian petroleum activities comprises major accidents, work accidents and certain working environment factors • A large questionnaire survey every other year including questions concerning experience of work related illness and organizational climate PTIL/PSA
So Some me grou oups ps ar are e mor more e exp xpos osed ed to to risk risk th than an ot othe hers • RNNP data showed differences between groups as regards their experience of occupational illnesses, completely or partly caused by work activities. PTIL/PSA
Experience of health injuries "Quite and very troubled" 2013 Scaffolders Surface Insulators Total treatment offshore workers population Hearing loss 7,3 % 4,1 % 5,2%* 7,0 % Ringing in the ears, tinnitus 13,0 % 6,8 % 9,0 % 8,9 % Headache 6,9 % 5,4%* 5,2%* 6,0 % Neck and shoulder pain 24,9 % 17,7 % 23,4 % 18,0 % Back pain 18,9 % 10,3 % 16,9 % 12,7 % Knee and hip pain 22,2 % 15,2 % 19,2 % 11,4 % PTIL/PSA
Some Some groups oups ar are e mor more e e expos xposed to ed to risk than other risk than others • Well intervention employees had the most negative score on several HSE factors in RNNP such as: - Experience with HSE management - Experience of HSE prioritising - Recreation - Social support • Employee groups differ as regards serious personal injuries reported to the PSA PTIL/PSA
PSA’s observations • The industry had, prior to the audits, to a limited degree assessed the total exposure for their employee groups • There are more risk factors related to some groups’ work operations • Contractor groups had more risk factors present in their work environment and the exposure is higher than for operator groups • Contractors’ HSE management systems had weaknesses related to: - Identification and assessment of risk exposure to working environment factors - Training of and information to employee groups concerning relevant risk factors - Implementation of improvement measures PTIL/PSA
Qualita Qualitativ tive e obser observa vations fr tions from om audits audits HSE management Operators Contractors Mapping of exposure and risk XX X evaluation Knowledge of risk XXX XX Access to and use of work XXX X environment competence Medical /health surveillance XXX X Measures XX X Actual exposure X XXX PTIL/PSA
Framw amwor ork cond conditions itions for HSE w or HSE wor ork • Framework conditions may have negative effects on the contractors’ HSE work • Definition of framework conditions for HSE work: - conditions that influence the opportunities an organization, organizational unit, group or individual has to control the risk of major accidents and working environment risk (Rosness et al., 2009) • Contracts, economic conditions and access to competence are important environmental conditions for contractors’ HSE work PTIL/PSA
Framew amewor ork conditions k conditions • There is a low awareness about the implications of environmental conditions for the risk managing for contractor groups • Few had considered measures to change environmental conditions PTIL/PSA
Conseq Consequenc uences es for r or regula gulator tory y pr practice actice - Findings indicate that the groups most exposed to risk receive the poorest risk managing effort from the employer - Groups exposed to risk are not necessarily identified through traditional HSE management - PSA will continue to ; - advocate a groups based approach in risk management - focus on framework conditions for HSE work PTIL/PSA
Thank you for your attention! PTIL/PSA
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