Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy Annual Progress Report 2016-2017 - PDF document

9/28/2017 Iowa Nutrient Reduction Strategy Annual Progress Report 2016-2017 Water Resources Coordinating Council Meeting 21 S eptember 2017 INRS Overview Point Source Nonpoint Source Contribute 93% to state’s N load Contribute 7% to state’s N load Goal: 4% reduction nitrogen Goal: 41% reduction nitrogen Contribute 21% to state’s P load Contribute 79% to state’s P load Goal: 16% reduction phosphorus Goal: 29% reduction phosphorus 1

9/28/2017 • • • Land-use change • Funding Outreach Monitoring: • In-field practices • • S taff Farmer EOF o knowledge • Edge-of-field and • Point source S mall WS o erosion control • permits Farmer Medium WS practices o attitudes • Addressing data Large WS o S elected non-quantified topics discussed in the annual report: gaps • Activity in priority watersheds • Nitrogen export • Nutrient loss research • Practice added: blind inlets • Refining the measurement process • S ource water protection • Watershed Academy and retaiN 2

9/28/2017 Point Source Permits Issued [CATEGOR Y [CATEGOR Y NAME], 2016 NAME], [VALUE [VALUE ] 63 ] 66 [CATEGOR Y NAME], 20 [VALUE ] 3

9/28/2017 Outreach and Education Total Reported 2016 - Revised Number of Events Average Attendance Attendance 6 214 1,281 Conference 55 52 8,877 Community Outreach 88 47 4,159 Field Day 32 37 1,172 Workshop 65 88 5,704 Y outh and S chool Visits 246 21,193 2016 Total 2017 13 252 3,279 Conference 168 69 20,400 Community Outreach 112 53 10,562 Field Day 55 37 1,695 Workshop 127 146 18,542 Y outh and S chool Visits 474 54,478 2017 Total Outreach and Education 4

9/28/2017 Farmer awareness and attitudes “How knowledgeable are you about the Nutrient Reduction Strategy?” Iowa HUC6 Farmer awareness and attitudes Next Steps: Statistical analysis • Causal mediation analysis o How do certain variables affect the knowledge ‐ > attitude ‐ > behavior pathway? o Analysis conducted, will be submitted for peer review • “Neighboring effects” as an independent variable • Comparison of priority watersheds vs. non ‐ priority areas 5

9/28/2017 CRP Land Retirement 6

9/28/2017 CRP Land Retirement Cover Crops 7

9/28/2017 Cover Crops, 2016 Cost-Share Programs CREP Wetlands 42,000 new acres treated since 2011 Inset text: Number of wetlands constructed annually 8

9/28/2017 Terraces & WASCOBs, Cost-Share Programs Terraces: 137,000 new acres treated since 2011 WASCOBs and GS: 112,000 new acres treated since 2011 Addressing Data Gaps Moving beyond cost-share data 1. Mapping of Structural 2. Public ‐ Private Partnership Practices Ag retailers survey farmers on in ‐ field practice use 3. Work closely with NRCS and IDALS to make appropriate estimates based on cost ‐ share data 9

9/28/2017 Mapping Structural Practices Mapping Structural Practices 10

9/28/2017 Surface Water Monitoring Efforts Edge-of-Field or Medium Watershed Mississippi River Small Watershed Large Watershed Delivery Scale 100 – 1,000 sq. mi. Basin < 100 sq. mi. > 1,000 sq. mi. Estimating Changes in Nutrient Export Two-pronged approach: 1. Measuring nutrient concentrations through surface water monitoring 2. Modeling nutrient loss reductions affected by conservation practices 11

9/28/2017 Surface Water Monitoring Efforts Fixed Stream Monitoring Sites and Nitrate Probe Sites Surface Water Monitoring Efforts Small Watershed Monitoring < 100 sq. mi. 12

9/28/2017 Surface Water Monitoring Efforts Medium Watershed Monitoring 100 – 1,000 sq. mi. Surface Water Monitoring Efforts Large Watershed Monitoring > 1,000 sq. mi. 13

9/28/2017 Iowa’s Annual Nitrogen Export Estimated Load Reductions From Conservation Practices Baseline Estimates from the NRS Nitrogen Phosphorus Statewide Baseline Load (tons) 307,000 16,800 Load Reduction Needed for 45% Reduction 138,150 7,560 NPS Portion of Load Reduction 125,870 4,872 PS Portion of Load Reduction 12,280 2,688 % of Target Load Reduction from NPS 91.1% 64.4% % of Target Overall Load Reduction from PS 8.9% 35.6% 14

9/28/2017 Estimated Load Reductions From Conservation Practices - Nitrogen Baseline Estimates from the NRS Nitrogen Phosphorus Statewide Baseline Load (tons) 307,000 16,800 Load Reduction Needed for 45% Reduction 138,150 7,560 NPS Portion of Load Reduction 125,870 4,872 PS Portion of Load Reduction 12,280 2,688 % of Target Load Reduction from NPS 91.1% 64.4% % of Target Overall Load Reduction from PS 8.9% 35.6% Practice 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Acres Installed Annually 14,683 43,709 183,776 155,441 252,948 302,136 Cover Crops N Loss Reduction (tons) 67.5 195.2 810.1 694.9 1,141.3 1,375.4 Acres Benefitted 0 500 550 800 900 950 Bioreactors (cumulative 2011 ‐ 2016) N Loss Reduction (tons) 0.0 2.9 3.2 4.6 5.3 5.6 Acres Benefitted 6,965 20,484 26,818 31,758 31,758 42,206 CREP Wetlands (cumulative 2011 ‐ 2016) N Loss Reduction (tons) 44.7 136.0 179.8 214.0 214.0 286.7 Total Acres Benefitted 1,661,876 1,643,927 1,524,532 1,457,053 1,484,119 1,688,616 Conversion of row crop to Annually perennials (CRP) Net N Loss Reduction 228.1 compared to 2011 (tons) Estimated Load Reductions From Conservation Practices - Phosphorus Baseline Estimates from the NRS Nitrogen Phosphorus Statewide Baseline Load (tons) 307,000 16,800 Load Reduction Needed for 45% Reduction 138,150 7,560 NPS Portion of Load Reduction 125,870 4,872 PS Portion of Load Reduction 12,280 2,688 % of Target Load Reduction from NPS 91.1% 64.4% % of Target Overall Load Reduction from PS 8.9% 35.6% Practice 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Acres Installed Annually 14,683 43,709 183,776 155,441 252,948 302,136 Cover Crops P Loss Reduction (tons) 4.1 12.0 60.6 50.3 83.2 103.6 Acres Benefitted 29,943 52,286 70,867 94,290 116,042 136,759 Terraces (cumulative 2011 ‐ 2016) P Loss Reduction (tons) 18.5 32.7 44.2 58.3 72.1 82.8 Total Acres Benefitted 1,661,876 1,643,927 1,524,532 1,457,053 1,484,119 1,688,616 Annually Conversion to perennials (CRP) Net P Loss Reduction 10.0 compared to 2011 (tons) 15

9/28/2017 Point Source Facilities’ Reduction of Effluent Concentration Estimate POTW Industry (Target) Total Nitrogen (average) number of facilities 63 9 raw waste (mg/L) 25 29.7 (range 11.9 – 83.6) 79.6 (range 16.5 – 314.6) final effluent (mg/L) 10 16.6 (range 2.1 – 58.3) 21.7 (range 4.5 – 79.9) % removal 66% 41.8% (range ‐ 10.0% ‐ 91.9%) 69.0% (range 20.9% ‐ 89.3%) Total Phosphorus (average) 63 14 raw waste (mg/L) 4 5.1 (range 1.9 – 31.8) 20.6 (range 2.5 – 51.5) final effluent (mg/L) 1 3.1 (range 0.7 – 24.9) 12.8 (range 0.8 – 73.0) % removal 75% 40.5% (range ‐ 14.7% ‐ 82.8%) 48.8% (range ‐ 41.9% ‐ 84.8%) Annual Load Reduction (2015 ‐ 2016) Total nitrogen (tons) ‐ 5,068069 517 Total phosphorus (tons) ‐ 937 273 Point Source Facilities’ Reduction of Effluent Concentration TN TP Estimated potential PS load reductions 11,000 T/yr 2,170 T/yr Actual load reduction in 2015 ‐ 16 for 63 5,585 T/yr 1,210 T/yr POTWs and 9 industries Estimated % removals w/BNR 66% 75% Actual % removals by POTWs today 40.5% 39.7% (Pounds) Actual % removals by industries today 69.6% 53.6% (Pounds) Estimated raw waste concentrations 1 25 mg/L 4.0 mg/L Actual raw waste concentrations ‐ POTWs 29.7 mg/l 5.1 mg/l Actual raw waste concentrations ‐ 79.6 mg/l 20.6 mg/l industries 16

9/28/2017 Thank you Laurie Nowatzke lwissler@iastate.edu 515 ‐ 294 ‐ 0527 Nutrient Reduction Strategy Staff - 2017 Reporting Period FTE S taff Forming FTE S taff for FTE S taff for FTE S taff for Infrast ruct ure Research Implement at ion Ot her Areas 184 18 442 23 666 Full-Time Equivalent Staff in Iowa conducting work that promot es the NRS and water quality No change compared t o 665 FTEs report ed in 2016 17

9/28/2017 Farmer awareness and attitudes Level of agreement with statements related to attitude Iowa HUC6 ‐ Percent ‐ Strongly Strongly disagree Disagree Uncertain Agree agree Statement 1.1 1.7 22.0 60.9 14.4 "I would like to improve conservation 2017 0.7 3.2 20.7 59.3 16.1 practices on the land I farm to help meet the 2016 Nutrient Reduction Strategy's goals." 0.9 2.0 22.6 59.1 15.5 2015 1.3 4.6 14.5 62.5 17.2 2017 "I am concerned about agriculture's impacts 0.5 2.8 13.5 64.7 18.4 2016 on water quality." 1.2 3.8 13.2 63.0 18.8 2015 "The nutrient management practices I use 0.2 2.5 40.4 49.7 7.2 2017 are sufficient to prevent loss of nutrients into 0.5 3.6 42.5 47.0 6.4 2016 waterways." 0.7 3.3 42.4 46.9 6.8 2015 Mapping Structural Practices 1980 18

9/28/2017 Mapping Structural Practices 2010 Mapping Structural Practices 2016 19

9/28/2017 Iowa Soybean Association Tile Nitrate Testing 2014 Iowa Soybean Association Tile Nitrate Testing 2014 2017 20