Internationalized Domain Names (IDN) and the Role of Academia | WACREN 2017 | March 2017
The ICANN Organization A global organization, led by the CEO with staff members in 40 countries, the ICANN organization focuses staff & resources on: policy development support, Community event management, registrars & registries support, Community support, contract compliance, IANA functions, outreach and capacity building, external services for the broader community (L-Root, WHOIS, etc.), & internal staff services. WHO? Board The ICANN organization implements the Community’s recommendations at the WHAT? direction of the Board, under the supervision of the CEO, within ICANN’s Organization mission and scope. HOW? The ICANN organization is committed to accountable, transparent, inclusive and open operations and engagement, in cooperation with its partners. | 2
Some of what ICANN organization does POLIC Y Domain Name System Policy Development L-Root Support and Grow the Community The domain name system provides The ICANN organization supports The ICANN organization hosts and addressing for the Internet so people inclusive, open and transparent multi- supports one of the 13 L-Root The ICANN organization engages, can find websites, send email, and other stakeholder bottom-up consensus based infrastructures. At over 150 locations nurtures and supports interested tasks. The ICANN organization also policy development mechanisms. worldwide, L-Root is critical to stakeholders for active and meaningful supports the stability of the DNS infrastructure that helps reduce latency participation in ICANN. ICANN connects through its work, and also its contracts and improves performance of the DNS. with stakeholders through outreach and and accreditations. engagement, and meeting & event support. Generic Top-Level Country Code Top-Level Protocol Parameters Internet Protocol Root Zone Management Domains Domains Addresses The ICANN organization, in The ICANN organization helps coordination with the Internet manage the root zone through The ICANN organization The ICANN organization By serving as the central Engineering Task Force, the IANA functions, which manages the domain name delegates top-level domains repository for IP addresses, manages protocol parameters involves assigning the system's top-level domains. identified with a country code. the ICANN organization helps by maintaining many of the operators of top-level domains, ICANN helps promotes Management is done by national coordinate how IP addresses codes and numbers used in such as .bank and .com, and competition and choice in the ccTLD operators. are supplied – preventing Internet protocols. maintaining the technicaland gTLD marketplace. repetition and conflicts. administrative details. IANA Functions | 3
ASCII and Internationalized Domain Names www.cafe.com ምሳሌ . ኢት ምሳ ኢትዮጵያ IDN Second IDN Top Level Third Level Second Level Top Level Level Domain (TLD) Domain Domain Domain (TLD) Domain Forming ASCII Labels Syntax of IDN TLD Use only Letters U-Label, constrained • Letters [a-z] by the “letter” principle Label length = 63 • What is a “letter” in a script? • Are all “letters” unique in a script? | 4
IDN Country Code Top-Level Domains | 5
Root Zone LGR Procedure Generation Panels o Generate proposals for script specific LGRs, based on community expertise and requirements Integration Panel o Integrates them into common Root Zone LGR while minimizing the risk to Root Zone as shared resource Label Generation Rules (LGR) o Which labels are permissible o Which variant labels exist o Which variant labels may be allocated | 6
LGR Toolset (beta) ¤ Label Generation Rulesets (LGRs) used to generate domain name labels, per RFC 7940 ¤ LGR Toolset allows for the following: Create a LGR o Use a LGR to validate label and o Code Point Rules variants LGR Tool Variant Rules Manage LGRs o WLE Rules ¤ Online beta deployment Visit https://lgrtool.icann.org/ o ¤ Open source package(s) release Released at github : lgr-core, lgr- o django, munidata ¤ User guide available for further details | 7
Status of LGR Development 28+ Scripts 19+ Generation Panels Other: o Hebrew o Sinhala o Thaana | 8
Linguistic Diversity in Africa ¤ More than 3000 languages in Africa ¤ Writing systems include: o Ge'ez (Ethiopic) o N’ko o Tifinagh o Vai o … o Arabic (introduced) o Latin (introduced) | 9
Contribution from Africa ¤ Work completed o Arabic Script LGR Proposal o Ethiopic Script LGR Proposal ¤ Work under progress o Latin Script LGR Proposal by Latin Panel ¤ Work to start – as needed by the community o Other scripts used in Africa | 10
Arabic Script LGR Proposal for TLDs Included in LGR Excluded by GP Excluded by MSR Excluded by IDNA2008 | 11
Ethiopic Script LGR Proposal for TLDs Included in LGR Excluded by GP Excluded by MSR Excluded by IDNA2008 | 12
Volunteers from Africa Needed for Latin Panel ¤ Need contribution from African community to ensure use of Latin script for African languages is supported in the LGR for TLDs o For example, Alphabet Nationale du Tchad (ANT) has many characters not supported by basic set [a…z] | 13
Get Involved! Speak up for your language
How to get involved? Volunteer for your script Generation Panel (GP) To contribute expertise, contribute to the GP for your script. You Volunteer can get involved by simply emailing your CV and a brief statement of interest to IDNProgram@icann.org Review work through public comments Sign up for the IDN mailing list vip@icann.org (to sign up, visit Review https://mm.icann.org/listinfo/vip) and participated in the review of IDN work being done at ICANN through the public comments Keep yourself updated Attend regular IDN Program Update sessions at ICANN meetings Listen and sign up on the IDN mailing list vip@icann.org to get updates on the IDN Program at ICANN | 15
Engage with ICANN Thank You and Questions Reach us at: IDNProgram@icann.org Website: icann.org/idn gplus.to/icann twitter.com/icann facebook.com/icannorg weibo.com/ICANNorg linkedin.com/company/icann flickr.com/photos/icann youtube.com/user/icannnews slideshare.net/icannpresentations | 16
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