Innovation in Ultra-Efficient Air-Conditioning Crista Shopis Advanced Energy Conference October 13, 2011
The Challenge Air conditioning = 16% of energy use and large system load peaks.
The Challenge Air Conditioning = Reducing Air Temperature + Dehumidification
Source of the Idea: Cool Ground Temperatures •“Free” source of “coolth” •But: Well water temperatures not cold enough to dehumidify directly
The Idea If we split an air stream, heat one of the two streams, and then pass both through a desiccant wheel, the heated and humidified air stream dewpoint will rise above the temperature of ground water.
In Slow Motion If we split an air stream, heat one of the two streams, and then pass both through a desiccant wheel, the heated and humidified air stream dewpoint will rise above the temperature of ground water. AIR TO BUILDING COOLING COIL GEOTHERMAL COOLING COIL WATER MOISTURE CONDENSATE DESICCANT WHEEL HEAT SOURCE AIR FROM BUILDING
Psychrometric Chart Pressure: 14.6959 psi 60 70 0.030 50 60% 70 Enthalpy, Btu/lb(a) Saturation temperature, F 80 40 0.020 Humidity ratio, lb/lb(a) 60 % 0 4 5 4 70 30 6 1 2 60 3 0.010 9 50 % 20 0 2 50 8 7 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 Dry bulb temperature, F
Efficiency – Original Projection COEFFICIENT OF PERFORMANCE (COP) 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 COP 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 Geothermal Desiccant Ventilation Cycle Desiccant Absorption Cooling Cooling (Natural Gas Fired) Cooling
Efficiency – Lab Results Efficiency: 1.85 COP Sensible Heat Ratio: 0.74
Other Findings Independent Temperature vs. Humidity controllability is outstanding Sensible Heat Ratio from 0 – 1.0 Typical air conditioner’s maximum Sensible Heat Ratio is about 0.75
The Vision: A simple four pipe fan coil Possible heat sources: Boiler Solar Waste heat 60 ° F cooling “sink”: Geothermal Lake Ocean Low-lift chiller Industrial dehumidifier
US Potential
Summary •A new cooling cycle •Efficiency over 1.8 COP, likely higher •Heat-fired: Fossil-fuel, solar, waste heat •Quiet (no compressor) •Outstanding humidity control •A possible path to zero-energy buildings
Support – Thank You •Taitem Engineering: •Idea •Prototype development •Continued technical and business support •NYSERDA: •Feasibility Study •Demonstration project •Syracuse Center of Excellence •Technology Application and Demonstration
• Questions? Crista Shopis Email: cshopis@synairco.com 607.279.7161 Fax: 607.277.2119 Synairco, Inc. 110 South Albany Street Ithaca, NY 14850 www.synairco.com …The future of air conditioning is here
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