INFANT ABANDONMENT AND MALTREATMENT 2001-2015 North Carolinas - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

INFANT ABANDONMENT AND MALTREATMENT 2001-2015 North Carolina’s Office of the Chief Medical Examiner 2017 North Carolina Child Fatality Prevention Team Kerry Robbins, MS Meghan Shanahan, Ph.D. Lisa Mayhew, MS Mary Bynum

Legal Outcomes ▪ 2008-2013 ▪ Data ▪ Victim, suspect/perpetrator demographics ▪ Legal information ▪ Location of incident ▪ Relationship of suspect/perpetrator to decedent ▪ Primarily biological mother and father ▪ Legal outcomes database use NC OCME 2017

OBJECTIVES 2. Quantify all infant 1. Quantify infant maltreatment deaths abandonment (first 3 months) from deaths(first year of life) 2001-2015 from 2001-2015 NC OCME 2017

Outline All Infant Death Accidental • Homicide • Undetermined • Suicide • Natural Maltreatment: • Abandonment: Abuse and neglect Child left not cared for can include: Asphyxia Drowning Blunt in nature NC OCME 2017

Definitions Abandoned Infant Deaths Infant Maltreatment Deaths 0-11 months • 0-90 days • Viability • Maltreatment: abuse and neglect • Fetus born at gestational age • (WHO) termed viable ( >22 weeks) Live birth • If clearly stated live birth, • counted If clearly stated not a live birth, • did not count If unknown, but viable, counted • NC OCME 2017

1. QUANTIFY INFANT ABANDONMENT DEATHS FROM 2001-2015 NC OCME 2017

Infant Fatalities age 0 through 11 months from 2001-2015 Infant Fatality 2001-2015 Total: 3,203 3000 Accidents: 572 2500 Homicide: 168 2000 1500 Undetermined: 672 1000 Natural: 1,851 500 0 Accidents Homicides Undetermined Natural NC OCME 2017

Infant Fatalities age 0 through 11 months from 2001-2015 30 25 20 Abandoned infants Rate per 100,000 15 10 5 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 NC OCME 2017

Infant Fatality 2001-2015 By Manner — Accident Infant Fatalities: Accidents 500 400 300 200 100 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number 31 33 32 40 55 42 48 41 31 32 37 42 34 28 36 NC OCME 2017

Infant Fatality 2001-2015 By Manner — Homicide Infant fatalities: Homicides 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number 8 15 10 12 20 16 14 15 6 5 3 13 13 6 11 NC OCME 2017

Infant Fatality 2001-2015 By Manner — Natural Infant Fatalities: Natural 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number 159 143 156 156 163 143 159 190 164 101 86 68 58 62 34 NC OCME 2017

Infant Fatality 2001-2015 By Manner — Undetermined Infant Fatalities: Undetermined 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number 7 22 15 14 6 17 20 26 50 69 70 88 75 103 104 NC OCME 2017

Yearly Comparison 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Accident 1 Homicide 1 3 2 3 4 4 1 1 Natural 1 1 1 1 Undetermined 1 1 1 1 1 Total 4 3 3 3 6 1 4 1 2 1 1 NC OCME 2017

Full Picture Abandoned Infants • Accident: 2002 • Homicide: 2001, 2002 (3), 2003 (2), 2004 (3), 2005 (4), 2007 (4), 2009, 2011 • Undetermined: 2001, 2005, 2006, 2012, 2014 • Natural: 2001, 2003, 2005, 2011 • Total: 29 Respon ponsi sible ble Age (years ars) Age (of infant) ant) adu dult Mother 14 Over 18 3 0 15 Father 0 Under 18 11 1 day 13 Other 0 Unknown 16 2 day 1 Unknown 16 NC OCME 2017

Context Means Number er of infa fant fatal taliti ities es Medical Treatment 18 Gun 6 Fire, burns, carbon monoxide 19 Blunt 128 Asphyxia 366 Drowning 26 NC OCME 2017

2. QUANTIFY ALL INFANT MALTREATMENT DEATHS WITHIN THE FIRST 3 MONTHS NC OCME 2017

Infant Maltreatment Fatalities age 0-90 days from 2001-2015 Infant Maltreatment Deaths 2001-2015 Total: 1,833 1800 Accidents: 279 1600 1400 Homicide:71 1200 1000 Undetermined: 390 800 600 Natural: 1,087 400 200 0 Accidental Homicides Undetermined Natural NC OCME 2017

Infant Maltreatment Fatalities age 0-90 days from 2001-2015 100 90 80 70 60 Maltreated infants 50 Rate per 100,000 40 30 20 10 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 NC OCME 2017

Infant Maltreatment (0-90 days) 2001-2015 By Manner — Accident Tota tal Infan ant Dea eaths ths- Infant Maltreatment: Accidents Accide dent nt 2001 15 16 2002 16 14 2003 17 2004 25 12 2005 31 2006 18 10 2007 26 2008 17 8 2009 12 6 2010 14 2011 17 4 2012 24 2013 17 2 2014 11 0 2015 19 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 NC OCME 2017

Infant Maltreatment (0-90 days) 2001-2015 By Manner — Homicide Infant Maltreatment: Homicides Tota tal Infan ant Dea eaths ths- 80 Homic icid ide 2001 4 70 2002 7 2003 3 60 2004 6 2005 11 50 2006 10 2007 5 40 2008 7 2009 3 30 2010 1 2011 2 20 2012 2 2013 2 10 2014 3 0 2015 4 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number 4 6 3 6 10 10 4 4 2 3 1 1 2 3 4 NC OCME 2017

Infant Maltreatment (0-90 days) 2001-2015 By Manner — Undetermined Tota tal Infan ant Dea eaths ths- Number Unde dete termine ined 10 2001 5 9 2002 10 2003 10 8 2004 12 7 2005 5 2006 10 6 2007 10 5 2008 13 2009 30 4 2010 26 3 2011 39 2012 57 2 2013 47 1 2014 63 0 2015 53 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Number 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 NC OCME 2017

Full Picture ▪ Infant Maltreatment related deaths Infant Deaths Means ▪ Accident: 7 ▪ Homicide: 64 Animals 1 ▪ Undetermined: 11 Asphyxia 8 ▪ Natural: 0 Blunt 39 Total: 82 Drowning 4 Environmental 1 Exposure 6 Fire 1 Motor Vehicle 3 Other 5 Sharp 2 Toxin 1 Unknown 11 NC OCME 2017

Yearly Comparison 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Total al Accident 1 2 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 7 Homicide 5 6 3 6 10 10 4 4 2 3 1 1 2 3 4 64 Undetermined 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 11 Total 6 9 4 6 12 11 5 5 2 5 3 3 2 5 4 NC OCME 2017

Demographics Infa fant Maltr trea eatm tmen ent-chi child ld demog ographic phics Sex Race Hispanic Male: 52 Black: 31 Yes: 10 Female: 31 White: 39 No: 71 Unknown: 1 Unknown 12 Unknown: 2 Infa fant Maltr trea eatm tmen ent- caregive giver demog ographic phics Respon ponsi sible ble adul ult Age (years ars) Mother 33 Over 18 15 Father 28 Under 18 10 Parents 2 Unknown 57 Other 5 Unknown 14 NC OCME 2017

Take Away ▪ Abandoned infants ▪ A decrease in deaths attributed to abandoned infants after the passing of the law. ▪ Overall infant fatality within the first year: asphyxia and blunt and take the lead. Mechanisms first 24 hours ▪ Toxin, Asphyxia, Drowning, Sharp, Gun, Unknown, Exposure ▪ ▪ Infant Maltreatment ▪ Method of injury: Blunt ▪ Primarily from mother or father as the perpetrator ▪ Overall, either seeing a decrease or no change Decrease in abandoned infants ▪ Deaths in first 3 months of life, steady ▪ NC OCME 2017