Income me, Poverty ty, a and H nd Health h Insurance ce: 2 : 2018 September 2019 URL: http://www.census.gov/newsroom/press-kits/2019/income_poverty.html
Presen enter ers Host Michael C. Cook, Sr. Chief, Public Information Office Presenters David G. Waddington Chief, Social, Economic, and Housing Statistics Division Trudi J. Renwick Assistant Division Chief, Economic Characteristics Liana E. Fox Statistician, Social, Economic, and Housing Statistics Division Laryssa Mykyta Chief, Health and Disability Statistics Branch
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• Data are based on the Current Population Survey’s Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC) from March 2019. • CPS ASEC is the official source of national poverty estimates. • Official poverty estimates are calculated in accordance with OMB Statistical Policy Directive 14. 4
• Includes data from the Current Population Survey’s Annual Social and Economic Supplement (CPS ASEC) and the American Community Survey (ACS). • ACS is the recommended source for smaller populations and levels of geography. 5
Important C CPS A S ASEC Su Survey U Updates The CPS ASEC has undergone a redesign of the questionnaire and data processing system. Questionnaire design changes incorporated over the period of 2014 to 2016: • Updated income and means-tested benefit questions • Redesigned health insurance questions • Expanded family relationship categories 6
Important C CPS A S ASEC Su Survey U Updates The CPS ASEC has undergone a redesign of the questionnaire and data processing system. Questionnaire design changes incorporated over the period of 2014 to 2016: • Updated income and means-tested benefit questions • Redesigned health insurance questions • Expanded family relationship categories Data processing changes reflected for the first time this year: Improvements to how income data is edited and imputed • • More comprehensive and consistent treatment of families Expanded data on health insurance coverage and sources • 6
Important Reminders for Today’s P Presentations In today’s presentations: • Estimates for 2017 and 2018 reflect the updated processing system. • 2017 estimates may differ from those published last year. For more information: • CPS ASEC Redesign & Processing Changes website: https://census.gov/data/datasets/time-series/demo/income- poverty/cps-asec-design.html Pre-release webinar on improvements to the CPS ASEC and • implications for estimates: https://www.census.gov/data/academy/webinars.html 7
Real M Median H Household I Income: 1967 to 2018 018 Income in thousands (2018 dollars) Recession 100 90 80 Median household income was 70 $63, 63,200 00 $63,200 in 2018, not statistically 60 different from the 2017 median, 50 following three consecutive years $47, 47,100 00 40 of annual increases. 30 20 10 0 1967 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2018 Note: The data for 2017 and beyond reflect the implementation of an updated CPS ASEC processing system. The data for 2013 and beyond reflect the implementationof the redesigned income questions. Income rounded to 8 nearest $100. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1968 to 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Poverty R Rate and Number in P Poverty: 1959 959 to o 2018 018 Percent Recession 25 20 Poverty r rate 22.4% 4% 15 The official poverty rate in 2018 10 was 11.8 percent, down 0.5 11.8% 8% 5 percentage points from 2017. In 0 2018, there were 38.1 million Numbers in millions people in poverty, a decrease of 50 45 1.4 million people from 2017. Num umber i in po n poverty 40 38.1 1 35 39.5 5 million 30 million 25 20 1959 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2018 Note: The data for 2017 and beyond reflect the implementation of an updated CPS ASEC processing system. The data for 2013 and beyond reflect the implementationof the redesigned income questions. 9 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1960 to 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplements.
Poverty Rate and Number in Poverty: 1959 to 2018 (Numbers in millions, Rates in percent) Recessions Number in Number in Number in Year Poverty Rate Year Poverty Rate Year Poverty Rate Peak month Year Trough month Year Poverty Poverty Poverty 1959 39.5 22.4 1989 31.5 12.8 2017 39.7 12.3 November 1948 October 1949 2017 7 1960 39.9 22.2 1990 33.6 13.5 39.6 12.3 July 1953 May 1954 1961 39.6 21.9 35.7 14.2 38.1 11.8 August 1957 April 1991 2018 1958 1992 1 1962 38.6 21.0 38.0 14.8 April 1960 February 1961 1963 36.4 19.5 1993 39.3 15.1 December 1969 November 1970 1964 36.1 19.0 1994 38.1 14.5 November 1973 March 1975 1965 33.2 17.3 1995 36.4 13.8 January 1980 July 1980 1966 28.5 14.7 1996 36.5 13.7 July 1981 November 1982 1967 27.8 14.2 1997 35.6 13.3 July 1990 March 1991 1968 25.4 12.8 1998 34.5 12.7 March 2001 November 2001 1999 2 1969 24.1 12.1 32.8 11.9 December 2007 June 2009 2000 2 1970 25.4 12.6 31.6 11.3 Source: National Bureau of Economic Research 1971 25.6 12.5 2001 32.9 11.7 Cambridge, MA 02138 1972 24.5 11.9 2002 34.6 12.1 <www.nber.gov> 1973 23.0 11.1 2003 35.9 12.5 2004 3 1974 23.4 11.2 37.0 12.7 Weighted Average Poverty 1975 25.9 12.3 2005 37.0 12.6 1976 25.0 11.8 2006 36.5 12.3 Thresholds in 2018 1977 24.7 11.6 2007 37.3 12.5 1978 24.5 11.4 2008 39.8 13.2 Size of family unit Threshold 1979 26.1 11.7 2009 43.6 14.3 2010 4 1980 29.3 13.0 46.3 15.1 One person (unrelated individual) 12,784 1981 31.8 14.0 2011 46.2 15.0 13,064 Under 65 years 12,043 1982 34.4 15.0 2012 46.5 15.0 65 years and older 2013 5 1983 35.3 15.2 45.3 14.5 2013 6 1984 33.7 14.4 46.3 14.8 Two people 16,247 1985 33.1 14.0 16,896 2014 46.7 14.8 Householder under 65 years 15,190 1986 32.4 13.6 2015 42.1 13.5 Householder 65 years and older 1987 32.2 13.4 2016 40.6 12.7 2016 7 1988 31.7 13.0 Three people 19,985 40.8 12.8 25,701 Four people 1 Poverty data for 1992 reflect 1990 Census population controls. 30,459 Five people 2 Poverty data for 1999 and 2000 consistent with 2001 data through implementation of Census Six people 34,533 2000-based population controls and a 28,000 household sample expansion. Seven people 39,194 3 CPS 2005 ASEC file (2004 data) was corrected after the release of the 2004 Income, Eight people 43,602 Nine people or more 51,393 Poverty and Health Insurance report due to adjustments to the weights. 4 Poverty data for 2010 reflect 2010-based population controls. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population 5 The 2014 CPS ASEC included redesigned questions for income and health Survey, 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement. insurance coverage. All of the approximately 98,000 addresses were eligible to receive the redesigned set of health insurance coverage questions. The redesigned income questions were implemented to a subsample of these 98,000 addresses using a probability split panel design. Approximately 68,000 addresses were eligible to receive a set of income questions similar to those used in the 2013 CPS ASEC and the remaining 30,000 addresses were eligible to receive the redesigned income questions. The source of these 2013 estimates is the portion of the CPS ASEC sample which received the income questions consistent with the 2013 CPS ASEC, approximately 68,000 addresses. 6 The source of these 2013 estimates is the portion of the CPS ASEC sample which received the redesigned income questions, approximately 30,000 addresses. 7 These estimates reflect an updated processing system. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 1960 to 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. For information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, and definitions, see <www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/cps/techdocs/cpsmar19.pdf>.
Com omparison on o of SPM P Pov overty Estimates: 2017 017 and 2018 018 (In Percent) 2017 2018 14.2 13.7 13.6 13.6 13.0 12.8 12.4 12.2 The Supplemental Poverty Measure (SPM) rate in 2018 was 12.8 percent. This is not statistically different from the 2017 SPM rate of 13.0 percent. All People Under 18 18 to 64 65 years years years and older Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2018 and 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplements. 10
Health Insurance Cove verage: 2 : 2017 017 and 2018 018 Percent Uninsured 8.5 7.9 +0.5 The percentage of people without health insurance coverage for the entire calendar year was 8.5 percent, a 0.5 2017 2018 percentage-point increase from 2017. In 2018, 27.5 million 27.5 25.6 Number Uninsured people did not have health +1.9 million (in millions) insurance coverage, an increase of 1.9 million people. 2017 2018 Note: The data for 2018 reflect the implementation of an updated CPS ASEC processing system. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, 2018 Annual Social and Economic Supplement Bridge File 11 and 2019 Annual Social and Economic Supplement.
Income me and P nd Poverty ty: 2 2018 September 2019 URL: http://www.census.gov/newsroom/press- kits/2019/income_poverty.html
Presen enter er Trudi J. Renwick Assistant Division Chief, Economic Characteristics Social, Economic, and Housing Statistics Division
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