In the Name of God Institute for Environmental Tehran University of Research (IER) Medical Sciences
The title of this panel is: Institute for Environmental Research (IER) Water and Health Sustainable development: access to safe and sufficient water 2
Institute for Environmental Tehran University of Research (IER) Medical Sciences Water Quality and Health Chair, Center for Water Quality Research (CWQR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Deputy for Research, School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Member of the Academy of Sciences (I.R.Iran) 3
Concept of safe drinking water Safe drinking water is treated water that has been tested for harmful and potentially harmful substances and has met drinking water quality standards. 4
Drinking water quality- Guidelines/Standards Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) Physical Biological Chemical S tandard authorities International Guidelines ( WHO, EP A, European Commission ) National Standard ( the first standard for Iran in 1966 ) 5
Top 10 causes of death from the environment 1 st 8. 8.2 2 mi million n ou out of of 12. 12.6 million dea death ths ca caused by the env environment t , are du e due t e to 2 nd Stroke No Non-Commun unicable D Diseases ( (NC NCDs) 2.5 million on 3 rd Ischaem aemic ic In 2018, the global cancer burden is Hear Heart D Disea isease 2.3 3 million increased to 18.1 million new cases 5 th Uni nint nten enti tional al inj njur uries and 9.6 million deaths . 1.7 .7 milli illion 4 th Chroni nic r respirator tory Diseas ases es 7 th Respirator ory 1.4 4 millio llion infectio ions ns Malaria ia 567 000 567 000 Cancers 9 th 6 th 259 000 259 000 1.7 7 millio llion 8 th Diarrhe heal 10 th diseas eases es Neona onatal intentiona onal 846 000 846 000 cond nditions ns Inj njur uries 270 000 270 000 246 000 246 000 6
Death statistics from diarrheal diseases due to inadequate drinking-water 84 8420 2000 deaths Are caused by inadequate WASH. Number of Deaths (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene ) 229 229 300 300 502 02000 000 / / 842000 000 deaths Are attributed to unsafe and 207 800 207 800 insufficient drinking-water (61% ). Diarrheal diseases account for 1 in 9 child deaths 50 400 50 400 worldwide 6400 6400 6400 6400 1400 1400 South outh –eas east t Eas aste tern- Africa ca America ca Euro rope Wester tern- Asi sia Mediter erran anean ean Paci acific Low- and middle-income countries by region Source : WHO and UNICEF 7 ,2018
In Iran: More than 94% of the people have access to drinking water free from contaminants (Nitrate, fluoride and E.coli): In urban areas: 97% In rural areas: 86% The most important challenge is: No enough integrity in water management . Source: ht t p:/ / www.emro.who.int 8 May 2019 8
But in the whole Eastern Mediterranean Region: Inadequate WASH (Water, Sanitation, Hygiene) conditions account for about: 80,000 annual deaths from diarrheal diseases. 71, 000 annual deaths occur in Afgha an , Pa kistan , hani nistan Paki Somalia lia , Suda udan and Yem emen en , where WASH conditions are highly deficient. 9
Emerging Pollutants and Carcinogens in Water Any synthetic or naturally-occurring chemical • pharmaceuticals, • personal care products, • pesticides, • industrial and household products, • heavy metals,… Any microorganism that is not commonly monitored or regulated ( re-emerging diseases due to resistance to antibiotics ) 10
Water and Health Panel Topics of this panel: Water quality and health : Prof. Simin Nasseri Water and infectious diseases : Dr. Patrick Smeets Risk of anthropogenic substances in water : Dr. Nicole Nijhuis Water management policies in Iran : Dr. Masud Tajrishi Challenges of water quantity in Iran : Prof. Alirerza Mesdaghinia Water and disasters : Dr. Amir Hosain Mahvi 11
Institute for Environmental Research (IER) Thanks for your Attention Sustainable development: access to safe and sufficient water
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