Hyper Inflatables: Prefabricated Membranes and 3D Printed - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Hyper Inflatables: Prefabricated Membranes and 3D Printed Exoskeletons in Space Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture Zachary Taylor

credit: NASA credit: SpaceX credit: Foster & Partners / ESA credit: NASA

Columbus Destiny Harmony Kibo MLM MRM1 MRM2 MPLM PMM Tranquility Unity Zarya

Proposed Apollo-Era Station Toroid infmatable station concept The Echo 1a credit: NASA credit: NASA credit: NASA

Volume: 80,563 m 3 SLS Block II Fairing BFR Cargo Fairing Ø: 53 m Volume: 1,166 m 3 Volume: 780 m 3 Weight: 100,000 kg Weight: 70,000 kg

B330 B2100 No Exoskeleton Exoskeleton Manipulated Volume 330 m 3 2100 m 3 1500 m 3 25000 m 3 20000 m 3

Grasshopper Simulation Reinforced Unenforced 5 m Membrane Composition Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Coating Purpose: UV stabilizer Density: 2.19 kg/m 3 Thickness: 0.04 cm Demron Fabric Purpose: high energy gamma radiation, micrometeroid protection Density: 3.14 kg/m 3 Thickness: 5.04 cm Hydrogenated Boron Nitride Nanotube (BNNT) Purpose: neutron radiation protection Density: 2.10 kg/m 3 Thickness: 4.12 cm Précontraint 402 N Membrane Purpose: water and air seal Density: 1.00 kg/m 3 Thickness: 0.04 cm

Mission Outline 180° 55° 55° Rowland 210°E 1 5 0 ° E 60° 60° –60˚ Emden B i r k h o f f Avogadro Sommerfeld Stebbins 70° 70° Gamow Roberts van't E 1 Hoff ° 2 0 0 4 Yablochkov ° 2 E Objectives Karpinskiy Seares Study the long-term effects of 1/6 th gravity on humans, astronomical study during dark Milankovi č 80° 80° phases, act as a construction material hub for projects in and around cis-lunar space, S c h w ar z s c h i l d Compton Plaskett serve as a fuel depot, EVA capabilities for exploration, and a testbed for permanent space P o c z o b u t t Rozhdestvenskiy agriculture. Nansen Cremona Hermite Bel'kovich 270°E Catena Sylvester 90°E Brianchon Peary Hayn Byrd Xenophanes Pascal MARE Site HUMBOLDTIANUM Permanent base at the Peary Crater in the Lunar North Pole. 80° 80° Pythagoras Baillaud M e t o n Babbage Crew Goldschmidt 300°E 60°E Barrow Arnold De La Rue 70° 70° South J. Herschel The base can support a rotating crew of 20-30. Birmingham W. Bond Gärtner Architectural Program M A R E F R I G O R I S 60° 60° 3 30°E 3 0 ° E 20 separate crew quarters, galley, science stations, exercise facility, medical facilities, 6 55° 55° bathrooms, hygiene stations, manufacturing shop, greenhouse, laundry, at least 2 airlocks, 0° SCALE 1:6 078 683 (1 mm = 6.078683 km) AT 90° LATITUDE POLAR STEREOGRAPHIC PROJECTION 1000 500 0 500 1000 KILOMETERS operations control room, recreation facility. 90° 90° 70° 70° 55° 55° NORTH POLAR REGION North Assumptions - The fully realized BFR rocket is relative in size and function to the version presented at IAC 2017 conference. - The remaining fuel of the BFR rocket on the moon’s surface is around 110 tons (half empty). - Advances in space-applicable robotics continue, particularly ones for construction which are an aspirational element of the project. - There is a growing commercial and industrial demand for space in the Cis-lunar region. - An infmatable membrane thickness of 8-12 cm utilizing advanced materials is suffjcient to block out micro-meteorites and most radiation. - The infmatable will have two means of egress. West East South SCALE 1:10 000 000 (1 mm = 10 km) AT 0˚ LATITUDE MERCATOR PROJECTION 2000 KILOMETERS

Crew Confjguration Cargo Confjguration Cargo + Crew Confjguration

Rigid Carbon Fiber Frame Foldable Carbon Fiber Structure 1500 mm 3215 mm Truss Design Widest Point: 1600 mm 1600 mm Tallest Point: 1500 mm 90 mm Folded Length: 90 mm Deployed Length: 3215 mm

Fuel Tank Common Dome Cargo Bay Separates CH 4 and 0 2 Holds 240 tons of CH 4 Pressurized to unpressurized volume Header Tank Oxygen Tank Crew Cabin Holds 860 tons of liquid 0 2 Holds landing propellant during transit Pressurized volume

3D Printing Material (AlSiC) ISRU Collector & Processor NASA Chariot Chassis Feeder Hatch for 3D Graphite Processor Printer Hatch Silicone Dozer Blade Collector Camera Graphite Collecto r Silicone Camera Processor Hatch Tensile Melting Young’s Strength Point Modulus Key Advantages Content Density Aluminum 40% Silicon Carbide, 570 MPa 2.90 g/cm³ 400°C 40 GPa Wear resistance, Low coeffjcient of thermal Silicon Carbide 60% Aluminum expansion, crack-resistance, class 1 grade (AMC640XA) material by ESA testing, very high chemical and corrosion resistance, no porosity.

3D Printer Rover ISRU to 3D Printer Transfer Packed Truss Material Transfer Arm Mounting plate for horizontal truss 3D Printer Head Camera

Heat Panels 3D Printer Truss Foldable Carbon Fiber Structure 1562 mm 3215 mm 1804 mm 90 mm Heat Panels Truss Design Made of Minco Polyimide Thermofoil, which work in (-200)°C to 1 unit (as drawn to the right) 200°C temperature ranges and are NASA approved. The panels Volume: 8,714.78 cm3 require 17.49 watts per 1 unit (as drawn) to heat to 130°C, the Total Weight: 15.60 kg necessary temp to cause the carbon fjber to revert to its original 22 meter length (20 meter structure): 0.630 meters folded (7 Units) position. It takes 15 minutes for each section to be deployed. Total Weight: 109.20 kg

Heat Panels 3D Printer Truss Foldable Carbon Fiber Structure 1562 mm 3215 mm 1804 mm 90 mm Heat Panels Truss Design Made of Minco Polyimide Thermofoil, which work in (-200)°C to 1 unit (as drawn to the right) 200°C temperature ranges and are NASA approved. The panels Volume: 8,714.78 cm3 require 17.49 watts per 1 unit (as drawn) to heat to 130°C, the Total Weight: 15.60 kg necessary temp to cause the carbon fjber to revert to its original 22 meter length (20 meter structure): 0.630 meters folded (7 Units) position. It takes 15 minutes for each section to be deployed. Total Weight: 109.20 kg

Heat Panels 3D Printer Truss Foldable Carbon Fiber Structure 1562 mm 3215 mm 1804 mm 90 mm Heat Panels Truss Design Made of Minco Polyimide Thermofoil, which work in (-200)°C to 1 unit (as drawn to the right) 200°C temperature ranges and are NASA approved. The panels Volume: 8,714.78 cm3 require 17.49 watts per 1 unit (as drawn) to heat to 130°C, the Total Weight: 15.60 kg necessary temp to cause the carbon fjber to revert to its original 22 meter length (20 meter structure): 0.630 meters folded (7 Units) position. It takes 15 minutes for each section to be deployed. Total Weight: 109.20 kg

Heat Panels 3D Printer Truss 41 m Foldable Carbon 70° Fiber Structure 1562 mm 30 m 3215 mm 1804 mm 90 mm Heat Panels Truss Design Made of Minco Polyimide Thermofoil, which work in (-200)°C to 1 unit (as drawn to the right) 200°C temperature ranges and are NASA approved. The panels Volume: 8,714.78 cm3 require 17.49 watts per 1 unit (as drawn) to heat to 130°C, the Total Weight: 15.60 kg necessary temp to cause the carbon fjber to revert to its original 30 meter length (20 meter structure): 0.630 meters folded (7 Units) position. It takes 15 minutes for each section to be deployed. Total Weight: 109.20 kg

Science Hygiene Maintenance & EVA Public & Private Areas Life Support Power Supply Food Production Air & Water Contaminant Laundry Medical Facility Exercise Chamber Workshop EVA Vehicles 200 square meters Detectors 5 square meters 35 square meters 50 square meters 50 square meters 100 square meters 5 square meters Waste Recovery and 3 Toilets Recreation Galley + Dining General Laboratory Equipment Storage Airlock Nodes Treatment 15 square meters 30 square meters 120 square meters 50 square meters 20 square meters 10 square meters 10 square meters Thermal Control and Humidity Control 2 Hand Washing Base Operations Control 2 Shower + 2 Hand ISRU Collection (Water) Waste Heat Rejection 5 square meters Stations + 4 Shower Room Washing Stations 10 square meters 15 square meters 40 square meters 60 square meters 20 square meters Crew Quarters Astronomical Food Storage Portable Water Supply 100 square meters Observatory 40 square meters 40 square meters 20 square meters Fuel Depot Solar Array Field 100 square meters 550 square meters

Total Volume 23000 m 3 36 m 22 m CBM Hatch 2 Bay Door CBM Hatch 1 Total Volume UHT Transmitters 293 m 3 & Satellite uplinks Power + Comms 3.7 m Bay Door Fluid Transfer Penetration Penetration

ECLSS & Subsystems CO2 Scrubber Water Filtration Unit Water Tank Power and Data boxes

Floor Panels + Levels 8m 4m 4m 4m 4m 3m 2m 2m 2m 1 m Connection Method 1 Connection Method 2

Columns + Levels 8m 4m 4m 4m 4m 3m 2m 2m 2m

Interior Perspectives

Thank You

Future and Current Rocket Arsenal Ariane 5 Proton Briz-M Falcon 9 Delta IV Heavy Falcon Heavy SLS Block IB Glenn 3 SLS Block II BFR Cargo Variant deliverable to LEO (kg) 20,000 22,226 22,800 28,790 63,800 70,000 86,350 130,000 500,000 deliverable to Moon (kg) 10,000 6,320 8,300 14,220 26,700 35,000 38,600 65,000 150,000 fairing size (m) 5.4 x 17 4.35 x 9.75 5.2 x 13.1 5 x 19.1 5.1 x 13.7 8.4 x 31 5.4 x tbd 10 x 31 9.6 x ~17