IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems Mathias Noe, Institute for Technical Physics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology January 7 th , 2020, Okinawa, Japan KIT- ENERGY CENTRE KIT – Die Forschungsuniversität in der Helmholtz Gemeinschaft www.kit.edu
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Acknowledgement I gratefully acknowledge the support of my co-directors Tabea Arndt and Bernhard Holzapfel my co-workers at the Institute of Technical Physics our project partners from industry, research and academia and all of you that contributed to the successful development of high- temperature superconducting power applications. M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 2 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Motivation „Machines are heavier than air and can never fly“ Lord Kelvin, 1895 „I believe, there is a world market of maybe 5 computers.“ Thomas J. Watson, IBM, 1943 „The wall will exist in 50 years and in 100 years.“ Erich Honecker, Staatsratsvorsitzender „The internet is no mass media“ German Democratic Republic, 1989 Matthias Horx, Researcher on trends and future, 2001 „The music download model has failed“ Steve Jobs, Apple, 2003 „Superconducting power applications are too expensive and no solution“ Transmisson and distribution system operator, 2019 M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 3 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Table of Content Major Challenges in Power Systems Power Applications Cables Benefits Fault Current Limiters Development of the State-of-the-Art Rotating Machines Transformers How this meets Power Challenges SMES Summary M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 4 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Major Challenges in Power Systems Objectives of the energy transition in Germany … plus 2022 phase out nuclear and 2038 phase out coal in Germany M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 5 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Major Challenges in Power Systems Ensure stable, reliable and economic operation by e.g. balancing fluctuating generation and volatile consumption. Typical generation profile of photovoltaic and wind energy in Germany Data transmission system operators (data 2013) 35 35 PV peak 30 30 25 25 Fast and large GW 20 GW 20 changes 15 15 Long time with 10 small generation 10 5 5 January July M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 6 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Major Challenges in Power Systems Ensure stable, reliable and economic operation by e.g. balancing fluctuating generation and volatile consumption. Extension of energy infrastructure to better integrate storage and renewables. Network extension in Germany 80000 Source: dena Verteilnetzstudie 2012 70000 2015 60000 2020 50000 2030 40000 30000 20000 10000 0 Low Voltage Medium High High Voltage Voltage Voltage Modification M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 7 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Major Challenges in Power Systems Ensure stable, reliable and economic operation by e.g. balancing fluctuating generation and volatile consumption. Extension of energy infrastructure to better integrate storage and renewables. Development of acceptable energy and resource efficient technology solutions and processes to reduce CO 2 emissions. M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 8 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Table of Content Major Challenges in Power Systems Power Applications Cables Benefits Fault Current Limiters Development of the State-of-the-Art Rotating Machines Transformers How this meets Power Challenges SMES Summary M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 9 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Benefits of HTS AC Cables User Higher transmission capacity at lower voltage Avoid high voltage equipment in urban areas Higher transmission capacity at lower diameter Flexible laying, less underground work Three phases in one cable up to high capacities Less right of way, fast cable laying, less underground work Environment Electromagnetic compatible Potential of lower losses No ground heating Operation Low impedance Operation at natural load M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 10 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. Cable Types – Cold Dielectric Three single phases Three phase in one Three phase cryostat concentric Voltage level High voltage > 110 kV 30-110 kV 10-50 kV Amount of higher higher smaller superconductor Cryostat loss higher smaller smaller M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 11 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. State-of-the-Art Technology Readiness Level (EU H2020) 9 Actual system proven in operational environment High TRL 8 System complete and qualified 7 System prototype demonstration in operational environment 6 Technology demonstrated in relevant environment Med. TRL 5 Technology validated in relevant environment 4 Technology validated in lab 3 Experimental proof of concept Low TRL 2 Technology concept formulated 1 Basic principles observed M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 12 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. HTS AC MV Cables – State-of-the-Art 2000 – First HTS cable in public grid operation by Southwire 9 Three separate phases 8 Voltage 12.5 kV Current 1250 A 7 Length 30 m 6 HTS BSCCO 5 Total loss 1490 W @ 77 K, 600 A 4 230 W per terminal 1 W/m/Phase Cryostat 3 0.2 W/m/Phase @ 600 A Stovall et.al. IEEE TASC Vol. 11, No.1, March 2001 2 Experimental proof of concept 1 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 13 KIT-Energy Centre
IEEE CSC & ESAS SUPERCONDUCTIVITY NEWS FORUM (global edition), February 2020. Plenary presentation PT-1 given at ACASC/Asian-ICMC/CSSJ Joint Conference, 6-9 January 2020, Okinawa, Japan. HTS AC MV Cables – State-of-the-Art 2006 – First three phase concentric design in long term (~ 1 year) field test by Ultera (Southwire, nkt cables) 9 Three phase co-axial design 8 Voltage 13.2 kV Current 3000 A 7 Length 200 m 6 HTS BSCCO 5 Ic > 7000 A at 78.5 K 4 2 W/m Cryostat Demko et.al. IEEE TASC doi 10.1109/TASC.2007.897842 3 Pictures: nkt cables 2 Technology validated in relevant environment 1 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 M. Noe, High-Temperature Superconducting Power Applications to meet major Challenges in Energy Systems 14 KIT-Energy Centre
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