Harmonic filter design for impact study Filter design electrified - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Introduction Harmonic Harmonic filter design for impact study Filter design electrified railways EMT study Conclusion DIgSILENT USER GROUP Sydney — 5 September 2013 M Jansen, S Hagaman, T George

Introduction Introduction Harmonic impact study ◮ Railway electrification project Filter design ◮ Adds significant unbalanced non-linear load to the grid EMT study ◮ PowerFactory used for Conclusion ◮ Harmonic emission/compliance ◮ Filter design/rating ◮ EMT review ◮ Protection design

Feeder station topology TNSP Network Introduction Harmonic 132 kV impact study (AB) (BC) Filter design T1 T2 EMT study Conclusion 50 kV RL1 RL2 RL3 HF1 RL4 RL5 RL6 HF2 Note: (AB)/(BC) phasing is typical ◮ Requires single phase compensation ◮ Limited output power

Emission limits Introduction 1.5 Harmonic impact study Emission limit (% of V 1 ) Filter design EMT study 1.0 Conclusion 0.5 0 THD 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 Harmonic order

Range of network conditions Introduction Harmonic impact study Network impedance ( Ω ) 1000 Filter design EMT study Conclusion 100 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Frequency ( × 50 Hz)

Current spectra Introduction Measured 10 Expanded Harmonic Used impact study Current emission (% of V 1 ) Filter design 1 EMT study Conclusion 0.1 0.01 0.001 THD 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 Harmonic order

Voltage distortion without filters Introduction Harmonic PoC voltage distortion (% of V 1 ) impact study 10 Filter design EMT study 1 Conclusion 0.1 0.01 0.001 THD 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 Harmonic order

Filter configuration Introduction Harmonic From 50 kV switchroom impact study Filter design EMT study Phase A Conclusion Phase B Shunt Third Fifth Ninth

Voltage distortion with filters Introduction Harmonic PoC voltage distortion (% of V 1 ) impact study 1 Filter design EMT study Conclusion 0.1 0.01 0.001 THD 7 13 19 25 31 37 43 49 Harmonic order

Filter parameters Introduction Harmonic impact study Rating C L R p Tuned to Filter design Branch Type (Mvar) ( µ F) (mH) ( Ω ) (Hz) EMT study Conclusion Shunt — 20 — 398 — — Third Single tuned 7 7.92 142 — 150 Fifth Damped 5 6.11 66.3 800 250 Ninth Damped 18 22.6 5.53 50 450

Component ratings Introduction Harmonic impact study Filter design Capacitor V N Reactor I RMS Resistor P R EMT study (kV) (A) (kW) Conclusion Third 78.2 178.78 – Fifth 64.8 117.21 16 Ninth 61.0 414.45 80

Electromagnetic study Introduction Harmonic impact study ◮ Design for electromagnetic transient (EMT) phenomena Filter design EMT study ◮ Peak voltage across capacitor banks Conclusion ◮ Peak currents ◮ Protection setting stability ◮ Studies for switching transients and lightning surges ◮ Specification of mitigation measures

Model augmentation for EMT study TNSP Network Introduction 132 kV Harmonic impact study T1 T2 Filter design EMT study 50 kV Conclusion RL1 RL3 HF1 RL4 RL5 HF2 Stray capacitance Surge arrester RL2 RL6

PowerFactory simulation Introduction ◮ Operational scenarios to define different switching Harmonic arrangements impact study ◮ 1 or 2 transformers online Filter design ◮ 1 or 2 filters online EMT study ◮ Several different track feeder arrangements Conclusion ◮ Lightning strike points ◮ Study cases for each switching/lightning case ◮ Analysis of different point on wave switching ◮ DPL scripts to automate study cases, print plots and analyse waveforms

Switching study Capacitor voltage (kV) V C3 200 V C5 Introduction V C9 Harmonic impact study 0 Filter design EMT study Conclusion 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 Time (s) I 3 Branch current (kA) 1 I 5 I 9 0 − 1 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 Time (s)

Mitigation measures Introduction Harmonic impact study ◮ Switching transient Filter design ◮ Surge arresters specified across the 3 rd tuned branch EMT study capacitor bank (approaching IEC 60871-1 peak limit) Conclusion ◮ Overcurrent protection graded to avoid spurious trips on filter energisation ◮ Lightning surge ◮ Surge arresters specified for the filter busbars

Capacitor bank voltages with surge arresters Introduction Harmonic 175.4 kV impact study 200 Filter design EMT study V C3 (kV) 0 Conclusion IEC 60871 voltage withstand limit − 200 -205.9 kV 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 Time (s)

Surge arrester current — PoW switching Introduction Harmonic impact study 0 Filter design EMT study I MOV (kA) Conclusion − 0.2 − 0.4 PoW time 6 ms, I peak = -380 A 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 Time (s)

Surge arrester current — Lightning Introduction Current (kA) 10 Harmonic impact study Filter design 0 EMT study − 0.1 0 0.1 0.2 Conclusion Time (ms) Energy (kJ) 20 0 − 0.1 0 0.1 0.2 Time (ms)

Conclusion Introduction Harmonic impact study Filter design Thank you for your time EMT study Conclusion Questions?