Gut Microbiota and Obesity Gut Microbiota and Obesity Gut - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Gut Microbiota and Obesity Gut Microbiota and Obesity Gut Microbiota and Obesity Gut Microbiota and Obesity 高贵喜 2010.5. 2010.5. 2010.5. 2010.5. 站长站素材 SC.chinaz.COM SC.chinaz.COM SC.chinaz.COM SC.chinaz.COM

backgroud backgroud backgroud backgroud obesity obesity obesity obesity cardiovascular cardiovascular cardiovascular cardiovascular hypertension hypertension Text in here diabetes diabetes Text in here hypertension hypertension Ⅱ diabetes diabetes NAFLD NAFLD NAFLD NAFLD disease disease disease disease LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

Obesity and associated Obesity and associated Obesity and associated Obesity and associated metabolic disorders metabolic disorders . metabolic disorders metabolic disorders LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

Diagram Diagram Diagram Diagram heredity status heredity status heredity status heredity status obesity nutrition nutrition nutrition nutrition Lifestyle Lifestyle Lifestyle Lifestyle microbiota microbiota microbiota microbiota LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

Formation of microbiota Formation of microbiota Formation of microbiota Formation of microbiota food, beverags sterile sterile sterile sterile 、 e amniotic birth cana birth cana birth cana l birth cana n amniotic amniotic amniotic c i d i e m 、 e a s e s d i fluid fluid fluid fluid 、 m s o l i b a e t M e n m u m i the environment LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

microbiota associated with obesity microbiota associated with obesity microbiota associated with obesity microbiota associated with obesity � Obese people has more Bacteroidetes than thin people but less Firmicutes. � The divisity of microbiota in obese individual is reduced. LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

Influence on weight Influence on weight Influence on weight Influence on weight Jeffery Gordon one third more food BUT 40 percent less body fat gain weight greater gains in though they body fat than weren't eating transplanting any extra food gut microbes from normal mice LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

2/3 Firmicutes 2/3 Firmicutes 2/3 Firmicutes 2/3 Firmicutes 1/3 Bacteroidetes 1/3 Bacteroidetes 1/3 Bacteroidetes 1/3 Bacteroidetes high-tech DNA sequencers more more more more Firmicutes Firmicutes Firmicutes Firmicutes and many and many and many and many fewer fewer fewer fewer more genes for Bacteroidetes Bacteroidetes Bacteroidetes Bacteroidetes breaking down complex starches and fiber LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

Does this apply to humans? Does this apply to humans? Does this apply to humans? Does this apply to humans? a remarkable follow a low-fat or low- follow a low-fat or low- follow a low-fat or low- follow a low-fat or low- shift in carbohydrate diet for a carbohydrate diet for a carbohydrate diet for a carbohydrate diet for a year year year year microbiota LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

result result result result The dynamic linkage between adiposity and gut microbial ecology described here, together with our results from mice 4, indicates that manipulation of gut microbial communities could be another approach in the treatment of obesity. LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

reduced divisity of microbiota in obesity reduced divisity of microbiota in obesity reduced divisity of microbiota in obesity reduced divisity of microbiota in obesity LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E E E E 网

HOW to inflect the weight? HOW to inflect the weight? HOW to inflect the weight? HOW to inflect the weight? 1 Energy harvest Energy harvest Energy harvest Energy harvest 2 regulate the host fat metabolism regulate the host fat metabolism regulate the host fat metabolism regulate the host fat metabolism 3 Affect the inflammatory response Affect the inflammatory response Affect the inflammatory response Affect the inflammatory response

energy harvest: energy harvest: energy harvest: energy harvest: � digest non digestible polysaccharides (fermentation of resistant starch, oligosaccharides, inulin). � contribute ~10% of the daily energy in take in man. � germ free mice had a lower monosaccharide uptake from the intestine to the portal blood. This could be partly explained by the lower capillary density of the small intestine of germ free mice as compared to their conventionalized counterparts 。 LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

Influence on Influence on Influence on Influence on lipornetabolism lipornetabolism lipornetabolism lipornetabolism Increase the expression of ChREBP/SREBP lipornetabolism supress the expression of Fiaf. reduce the activity of AMPK LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

backhed backhed : : backhed backhed 研究及解释 : : a two-fold increase in hepatic triglyceride content.low levels of hepatic ChREBP and SREBP-1 mRNA germ-free mice 植入菌群的小鼠 normal mice Fas SREBP ChREBP Acc1 aceyl-CoA carboxylase fatty acid synthase LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E E E E 网

Fiaf-KO mice germ-free mice normal mice catalyze the release of fatty acids and triacylglycerol to oxidate. lipoprotein lipoprotein lipoprotein lipoprotein lipase lipase lipase lipase Fiaf fasting-inducedfacto fasting-inducedfacto r fasting-inducedfacto fasting-inducedfacto

supress the activity of ATPK supress the activity of ATPK supress the activity of ATPK supress the activity of ATPK Function of AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation of its specific target acetylCoA carboxylase (ACC) no production of malonyl CoA This drop in malonyCoA increases carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1) promotes mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

AMPK activity AMPK activity AMPK activity AMPK activity LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E E E E 网

Obesity as an in Obesity as an in fm fm ammatory disease ammatory disease Obesity as an in Obesity as an infm fmammatory disease ammatory disease � Obesity is associated with a low-grade chronic infmammation which has been implicated in the development of the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. � High-fat-diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders are associated with an increased expression of several inflammatory related factors IL-1, TNF- , MCP-1, and IL-6 in muscle, liver and adipose tissue 。 LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

LPS LPS LPS LPS � LPS is a constituent of Gram negative bacteria present in the gut mi-crobiota, � LPS triggers the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines when it binds to the complex of CD14 and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) at the surface of innate immune cells � LPS is continuously produced within the gut by the death of Gram negative bacteria and is physiologically carried into intestinal capillaries through a TLR4 dependent mechanism � LPS is transported from the intestine towards target tissues by a mechanism facilitated by lipoproteins, notably chylomicrons freshly synthesized from epithelial intestinal cells in response to fat feeding. LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

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LPS LPS LPS LPS increased whole body, liver and adipose tissue weight, fasting glycaemia and insulinaemia high fat LPS LPS LPS LPS diet FAT FAT FAT FAT CD14-decient mice LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网

CD14-decient mice LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E E E E 网

Conclusion: Conclusion: Conclusion: Conclusion: � 人体内的低度、全身性的慢性炎症主要是肠道菌 群结构失调引起的。如果长期大量进食动物性食 品，就会促进条件致病菌的生长，升高肠道内的 抗原量，减少保护肠屏障功能的有益菌，造成肠 壁通透性增加，刺激免疫系统并导致全身发炎。 � 双歧杆菌提高肠道的渗透性，减少代谢毒素的吸 收。 � 合理膳食，补充益生菌，维持肠道菌群平衡。 LOGO LOGO LOGO LOGO www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com www.fdcew.com 房地产 E www.fdcew.com E E E 网