COVID-19 Updates, Guidelines, and Testing August 12, 2020 Presented by Ashley Wegner, MPH, CIC Kim Mawby, MSN, RN, CBS Corrie Courtney, MPH, BSN, RN
COVID-19 • February 11, 2020 the World Health Organization announced an official name for disease causing the 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak. • COVID-19 • "CO" stands for corona • "VI" stands for virus • "D" stands for disease • First identified in Wuhan, China • Not the same as the coronaviruses that cause the common cold https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html#Symptoms-&-Testing 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Symptoms Symptoms may appear 2-14 days after exposure to the virus Fever or chills Cough Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing Fatigue Muscle or body aches Headache New loss of taste or smell Sore throat Congestion or runny nose Nausea or vomiting Diarrhea https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Complications • Risk of complications or death increase with age. • Certain medical conditions put people at higher risk for complications or death. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/index.html 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
COVID-19 vs. Influenza • Influenza virus • Typical incubation • SARS-CoV-2 period 1-4 days • Contagious viral respiratory • • Contagious 1 day before Incubation period 2-14 illnesses symptom onset days • Some similar symptoms • • Possible to spread 2 Older children and • Spread person-to-person adults remain days before symptom • Mainly spread by droplets, onset (still under contagious 7 days also by human contact or • Infants and people with investigation) touching contaminated • weakened immune Contagious 10 days surface after symptom onset systems contagious • Can be spread by people with • longer Vaccine under or without symptoms • development Can be prevented by vaccination https://www.cdc.gov/flu/symptoms/flu-vs-covid19.htm
Transmission • Person-to-Person transmission Close contact (within about 6 feet) Respiratory droplets: when a person with the infection coughs, sneezes, or talks Possible to spread without symptoms • Touching surface or object contaminated with the virus Not as common mode of transmission • Animal-to-person/Person-to-animal transmission • We are still learning about how the virus is transmitted https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.html 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Transmission: Prevention Methods • Face Mask/Covering Make sure you use PPE appropriately • N-95 masks must be fit-tested • Social Distancing • Buddy system for donning/doffing • Staying home when • Specific areas for donning/doffing sick • Hand Hygiene Important tip: • Closely follow the manufacturer • Avoid touching face instructions when using disinfectants on a surface • • Clean/Sanitize Many require contact time of up to 1-5 minutes high-touch Fit testing facts: https://www.mhanet.com/mhaimages/COVID- areas and common 19/Respiratory%20Protection%20companies.pdf areas https://www.epa.gov/coronavirus/guidance-cleaning-and-disinfecting-public-spaces-workplaces-businesses-schools-and-homes 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Why Wear a Face Mask? https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=PBS+science+face+mask+video&d ocid=608043648289343141&mid=970D582AD467CEB1078A970D582AD46 7CEB1078A&view=detail&FORM=VIRE This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND. BY-NC. 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Why is testing important? • Provides us with the understanding of the burden of disease on our community • Who is getting sick? • Why are they getting sick? • Where are they getting sick? • When are they getting sick? • How are they getting sick? This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND • Important part of Clay County's Community Recovery Plan • By monitoring the cases in the county we can better protect our community and establish best practice guidelines 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Local Guidelines and Community Recovery • Overarching goal: not to return to a stay-at-home order • Clay County Recovery Plan created to guide businesses, organizations, and individuals to best protect against impact of the COVID-19 virus • Clay County is currently in Phase 2, Step 2 of the Recovery Plan • Detailed guidance on the Clay County Public Health Center Website https://www.clayhealth.com/286/Community-Recovery • Informed by local data and CDC recommendations – Data from testing drives the decisions that impact the recovery of our community 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Testing: There are currently two types of tests for COVID-19 19 • Diagnostic, viral test that typically uses a nasal or oral/throat swab • This includes PCR and antigen test • Active infection • Does not indicate if a person has had past infection This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA • Nasal passageway, oral/throat, saliva • Some are completed as a self-test via nasal/oral swab • Point of Care tests or Rapid Tests • Typically take less than an hour for results • If negative, may require a confirmatory PCR test • Specific genes from the SARS-COV-2 virus, COVID-19 https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/testing.html 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Testing: two types of tests (CONT'D) • Antibody test, serology test • Identifies past infection • Blood sample • Takes 1-3 weeks for the body to develop antibodies • Proteins that provide evidence of the body's immune response to the virus • Positive Test Result: What does this mean? • Antibodies are present. • There are no infection control measures needed. • Not used as a basis for return to work or school status • Should not be used for staffing or infection control decisions • Presence of antibodies does not indicate the status of immunity https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/testing.html 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Accuracy of Diagnostic Tests • Molecular test/PCR test • FDA approved • Detects genetic material of COVID-19 virus using PCR technique • Considered "very accurate" when performed properly. • Rapid test, more likely for false-negatives • Nasopharyngeal (NP) Test Swab has been shown to have a sensitivity rate of 89% • Antigen test • FDA approved • Rapidly detects certain proteins part of the COVID-19 virus • Faster/less expensive • Positive test "very accurate" • Increased chance of false-negative results • Not as sensitive as molecular test • Health care providers may recommend molecular test to confirm negative antigen test https://www.mayoclinic.org// covid-19-diagnostic-test /about/pac-20488900 tests-procedures 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
What does testing tell us? •A positive or detected test result tells us there is active viral infection •Helps us prevent the spread of virus to others, providing awareness to the presence of Illness •High risk individuals should SEEK testing if they become symptomatic. •Allows us to catch the infection early - prevention of more severe, poor outcomes Those individuals exhibiting symptoms should get tested Important to remember, a viral test is a snapshot, a photograph of a moment in time Testing does NOT tell us if we have contracted the illness after performing the test. • Can lead to a false sense of security Ask yourself, why am I being tested? 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
Who needs testing? • People exhibiting signs and symptoms • Those living in group homes, group of COVID-19 living conditions • Outbreak Investigations • Senior Living Facilities • Multi-families, Homeless Population • Persons with known exposure to a positive case who develop symptoms • Prisons within 14 days after the last date of • Those with disabilities exposure • People who cannot always social- • People over the age of 65 distance • Those with underlying health concerns • First Responders • Those hospitalized or having a medical • Healthcare workers procedure • Mass transit workers • Pregnancy • Grocery store employees https://health.ucdavis.edu/coronavirus/coronavirus-testing.htmlhttps://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- ncov/need-extra-precautions/index.html https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-at-increased-risk.html 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
COVID-19 Data Resources • Clay County: Clay County Public Health Center • Kansas City Region: Mid-America Regional Council (MARC) • Missouri: Missouri Department of Health and Senior Services (MODHSS) • Missouri Projections: IHME • United States: Centers for Disease Control (CDC) • World: Johns Hopkins 800 Haines Dr., Liberty, MO 64068 | clayhealth.com | 816.595.4200
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