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Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Masters Thesis Defensio , September 14 th 2020 Martin Plattner, Universitt Innsbruck martin@mplattner.at Agenda Motivation Implementing the Multi-Chain Mode for

  1. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Master’s Thesis Defensio , September 14 th 2020 Martin Plattner, Universität Innsbruck martin@mplattner.at

  2. Agenda Motivation ● Implementing the Multi-Chain Mode for BlockSci ● Cross-Chain Address Clustering ● Conclusion ●

  3. Motivation and Preliminaries

  4. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation

  5. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ...

  6. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation Single-chain analysis BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ...

  7. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation Single-chain analysis BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... BlockSci Blockchain analysis tool

  8. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation Single-chain analysis BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... BlockSci Blockchain analysis tool BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Forked Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... Bitcoin Cash (Aug 2017) Hard-Fork due to changed rules

  9. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation Single-chain analysis BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... O I BlockSci Blockchain analysis tool BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Forked Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... I Bitcoin Cash (Aug 2017) Hard-Fork due to changed rules

  10. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation Cross-chain analysis BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... BlockSci Blockchain analysis tool BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Forked Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... Bitcoin Cash (Aug 2017) Hard-Fork due to changed rules

  11. Generalizing BlockSci to Cross-Chain Analyses of Forked Ledgers Motivation Cross-chain analysis BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Ledger BlockSci tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... Blockchain analysis tool + multi-chain mode BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Forked Ledger tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... Main contribution Multi-chain mode for BlockSci

  12. BlockSci BlockSci parser

  13. BlockSci Optimized blockchain data on disk BlockSci parser

  14. Optimized blockchain data (in memory) BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... BlockSci mmap() Optimized blockchain data on disk BlockSci parser

  15. Optimized blockchain data (in memory) BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... BlockSci mmap() Optimized blockchain data on disk BlockSci parser

  16. Optimized blockchain data (in memory) BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... Goal mmap() Optimized blockchain data on disk BlockSci parser

  17. Implementing the Multi-Chain Mode Requirements, Required Changes, Evaluation

  18. Requirements Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  19. BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 A3 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Requirements tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  20. BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 A3 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Requirements tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  21. BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 A3 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Requirements tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  22. BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... O I BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Requirements tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... I O Output.getSpendingInputs() → [ , ] I I Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  23. BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Requirements tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  24. Requirements Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  25. Requirements Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  26. Requirements Type No. Requirement Priority 1 Normalized addresses MUST 2 BTC and BCH support MUST Functional 3 Flexible configuration MUST 4 Anticipate cross-chain queries MUST 1 Optimize memory consumption MUST 2 Maintain high performance SHOULD Non-functional 3 Backwards compatibility (API) SHOULD 4 Extensibility SHOULD

  27. Required Changes Parser Data layout Analysis library multi-chain mode chain-specific data handle new layout cross-chain address share common data shareable data de-duplication in memory Config file support links between chains

  28. Required Changes Parser Data layout Analysis library multi-chain mode chain-specific data handle new layout cross-chain address share common data shareable data de-duplication in memory # /bch/config.json "chainConfig": { "coinName": "bitcoin_cash", Config file "dataDirectory": "/bch/", "parentChainConfigPath": "/btc/config.json", "firstForkedBlockHeight": 478559, support links between chains "pubkeyPrefix": [0], "scriptPrefix": [5], "segwitActivationHeight": 481824, "segwitPrefix": "bc" }

  29. Required Changes Parser Data layout Analysis library multi-chain mode chain-specific data handle new layout cross-chain address share common data shareable data de-duplication in memory Config file support links between chains

  30. BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 A3 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Required Changes tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... A3 Parser Data layout Analysis library multi-chain mode chain-specific data handle new layout cross-chain address share common data shareable data de-duplication in memory Config file support links between chains

  31. BLOCK 1 BLOCK 2 BLOCK 3 BLOCK x tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... BLOCK 3 BLOCK x Required Changes tx1, tx2, ... tx1, tx2, ... Parser Data layout Analysis library multi-chain mode chain-specific data handle new layout cross-chain address share common data shareable data de-duplication in memory Config file support links between chains

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