Focus Session on Stellar Populations and Gravitational Wave Observations Center for Gravitational Wave Physics December 2 – 5, 2002
✑ ✒ ✔ ✏ ✄ ☎ ✆ ✝ ☎ ✑ ✡☛ ☞ ✟ ✏ Learning about Stellar Populations from Gravitational Wave Observations �✂✁ ✞✠✟ ✌✎✍ ✌✎✑ ✌✎✓ Under st and sel ect i on ef f ect s and how t hey ' skew' obser vat i ons Under st and how m odel pr edi ct i ons depend on physi cal uncer t ai nt i es
❏ ★ ✜ ✧ ✦ ✫ ✪ ✩ ✧ ✥ ✦ ✙ ✥ ✤ ✚ ✙ ✙ ✚ ❆ ✗ ✬ ✫ ✧ ✙ ◗ ✧ ✫ ✫ ▼ ✕ ▲ ❏ ✛ ✩ ❆ ✫ ✢ ❊❋ ● ✧ ✫ ✚ ✦ ✦ ✗ ■ ✙ ❊ ✫ ✧ ✙ ✢ ❍ ✺ ✧ ✱ ❏ ✱ ✿ ✾ ✵ ✽ ✼ ✸ ✸ ✼ ✯ ✮ ✻ ✯ ✜ ✤ ❉ ✦ ✜ ✬ ✫ ✖ ✧ ✖ ✖ ✤ ✚ ✧ ✗ ✫ ✦ ✦ ✢ ✥ ✛ ❏ ★ ◆ ❏ ❘ ✬ ✥ ✧ ✙ ✦ ✫ ✪ ★✩ ✧ ✦ ◆ ✚ ✥ ✦ ✫ ✬ ✬ ✙ ▲ ✧ ✫ ❏ ✪ ✩ ★ ✧ ✦ ✙ ✬ ✥ ✙ ✩ ✕ ✗ ✢ ✖ ✧ ❄ ✖ ✙ ✚ ✧ ✬ ✖ ❊ ✫ ✦ ✬ ❆ ✗ ✵ ✱ ✷ ✶ ✿ ✱ ✸ ✼ ✳ ✺ ✿ ✱ ✸ ✳ ❀ ✺ ✿ ✬ ❄ ✥ ✢ ✢ ✚ ✙ ❆ ❁ ❂ ✯ ✼ ✸ ✳ ✷ ✱ ✾ ✙ ✦ ✱ ✦ ✫ ✪ ★✩ ✧ ✙ ✵ ✥ ✤ ✛ ✚ ✙ ✕ ✲ ✶ ✵ ✮ ✽ ✱ ✼ ✸ ✼ ✯ ✻ ✱ ✯ ✸ ✺ ✳ ✵ ✯ ❆ ❃ ✧ ✥ ❇ ✸ ✳ ✖ ✱ ✸ ✶ ✵ ✻ ✿ ❂ ✜ ✢ ✤ ✙ ✵ ❈ ✖ ✧ ✙ ✤ ✚ ✢ ✧ ✦ ✦ ✫ ✪ ✩ ★ ✧ ✳ ✮ ✯ ✮ ✲ ✮ ✬ ✗ ✵ ✢ ❀ ✳ ✺ ✸ ✯ ✱ ✻ ✯ ✾ ✸ ✼ ✱ ✽ ✱ ✼ ✿ ✵ Physical constraints Gravitational Wave Observations ✖✘✗ Stellar Populations and ◆P❖ ✖✘✗ Stellar Sources ✧✭✬ ✖✘✗ ✶✹✸ ✜✣✢ ✜✣✢ ✮✰✷ ✶✹✸ ✧❑❄ ✮✴✳ ✮✴✳ ✮✰✯ ✮✰✯ ❃❅❄ ✖✘✗ ✮✰✯
❞ ✐ ❨ ❞ ❵ ❲ ❱ ❲ ❞ ❴ ❴ ❭ ❵ ✐ ❨ ❭ ❛ ❫ ❢ ❜ ❲ ❳ ❜ ❭ ❵ ❬ ❬ ❫ ❭ ❣ ❨ ❜ ❱ ❳ ❵ ❨ ❭ ❛ ❣ ❲ ❜ ❲ ❳ ❧ ❨ ❦ ❥ ❜ ❲ ❬ ❛ ❲ ❛ ❲ ❴ ❳ ❛ ❵ ❭ ❫ ✐ ❳ ❵ ❨ ❪ ❫ ❵ ❭ ❳ ❚ ❬ ❱ ❩ ❨ ❳ ❲ ❱ ❛ ❫ ❞ ❜ ❛ ❨ ❩ ❞ ❲ ❳ ❢ ❳ ❞ ❨ ❬ ❲ ❳ ❡ ❴ ❫ ❪ ❭ ❛ ❳ ❭ ❛ ❫ ❛ ❞ Stellar Populations and Gravitational Wave Observations ❭✴❪ ❙❯❚ ❛❝❜ ❭❤❣ ❬✹♠ upper limits on rates detections of a few events detection of large event samples detection of confusion-limited backgrounds
ì ➂ ➀ Ñ ➁ ✃ ➄ Ó ➷ ➂ ➅ ➄ Ô ➃ ➄ ➂ ➁ ➃ ➅➇ ➘ ➂ ➁ ➃ ❮ ➂ ➷ ➷ ➄ ❮ ➃ ➄ ➂ ➈ ➇ ➅ ➈ ➄ ➅ ➷ ➃ ➂ ➁ ➈ ➄ ➀ ➄ ➇ ➷ ❮ Ò ➷ Ñ ➇ ➄ ➀ ➂ ➃ ✃ ➂ ➁ ➀ ➅ ➷ ➄ Ó Ó ➈ ➄ ➃ ❐ ➷ Ï ➈ Õ ➇ ❐ ➈ Ü ➃ ➷ ➈ ➄ ➂ ➇ Þ ➄ ➅ ➷ ➀ ➂ ❐ ➬ ÚÝ ß ❮ è è ë Øê ä Ø é è â ã ç Ø Øæ äå ä ã ➷ ➁ ➄ Õ ➄ ➈ ➃ ➂ ➷ ➃ Ö Ï ➀ ➅➇ ❐ ➀ ➀ ➇ ➷ ➈ ➈ ➮ ➀ ➂ ➁ ➃ ➁➂ ➈ ➄ ➈ ➄ ❮ ➷ ➅ ➘ Ñ ➁ Ö ➃ Ð ➂ ➝ ➈ ➂ ➄ ➃ ➉ ➌ ➏ ➋ ➐ ➑ ➊ ➔ ➑ → ➟ ➀➁➂ ➠ ➤ ➧ ➞ ↔ ↔ ➙ ➟ ➞ ↔ ➨ ➛ ➟ ➥ ➃ ⑧❿ ➫ ⑥ qr s s q✇ ①② ① ③ ⑥ ⑦ ② ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ ⑧ ⑨ ⑦ ❻ ④ ❷ ❾ ② ❽ ❼ ❺ ⑦ ⑩ ⑤❹ ⑧ ⑦ ❸ ⑨ ➩ ➢ ➭ ➷ ➨ ➬ ➽ ➀ ➢ ➯ ➙ ➡ ➚ ❒ ➢ ➳ ➘➷ ➡ ➅ ➬ ➃ ➈ ➄ ➃ ➀ ➇ ➂ ✃ ➷ ➬ ❐ ↔ ❐ ➔ ➭ ↔ ➳ ➷ ➻ ➼ ➃ ➏ ➑ ➼ ➋ ➏ ➊ ➘ ❮ ➬ ➋ ➷ ➉ ➣ ❮ ➁ ➮ ➷ ➧ ➡ ➢ ➚ GW Observations Binary Compact Object Inspiral ➈➱➮ Þßáà ➹➴➘ ❰✠Ï ×ÙØÛÚ t✈✉ ♥♣♦ Model Rate Predictions ➙➶➪ ➵➺➸ ➝➾➽ ➄➆➅➇ ↔➦➥ ❶✴❷ ④✴⑤ ➡✠➢ ➌➎➍ ➡➲➯ ➌➓➒ ➊✴➋ ➝✠➞ ➙➜➛ ➣↕↔
✑ ✓ ✑ þ ÷ ✍ ✗ ✖ ✕ ✔ ù ✓ ✒ ý ü ù þ ÷ ü ✑ ✍ ý ✕ ù ý ú ù ø ÷ ö þ ÷ ü ✕ ü ö ✓ ÷ û þ ÷ ✑ ý þ ✌ ú ✁ ü ✂ ✂ îï � ò ý ý û ✝ ú ó ÷ ö ñ ðñ ï ðñ ✞ ô ✝ ÷ ö ☞ ï ✞ ☛ ✞ ☛ ✞ ☛ ✡ ✠ ✟ ✠ ✂ ✟ õ Binary Compact Object Inspiral ú ✏✎ ü✘þÿ ✄✆☎ ø➦ù ø➦ù large event sample is detected: just a few events detected: í✈îï
✛ ï ✣ ❁ ❂ ï ðñ îï ò ó ñ ðñ ô õ ❁ ✜ ✛ ✙ ✚ ✚ ❁ ✜ ❁ ✙✛ ❂ ❃ ❄ ✙ ❅ ❀ ✿ ✿ ✱ ✘✙ ✚ ✙ ✘✙✛ ✜ ✙ ✢✣ ✤ ✙ ✥ ✪ ✾ ✙ ✲ ✹✺ ✵ ✶ ✮ ✻ ✳✴ ✷ ✵ Binary Compact Object Inspiral í✈îï For example: ✦★✧✩ ✶✸✷ ✫✭✬ ✮✰✯ ✫✽✼ first SN first SN second SN second SN Constraints on models of binary compact object formation and on specifics of stellar evolutionary phases
⑥ r ❫ ✉ ❣ ♠ ❝ ❫ ❢ ❞ ❞ ❫ t ❥ r ❴ ♠ ❣ ❞ ❵ ❝ ❫ ❢ ❜ ❴ ❫ q ♣ ❥ ❆ ❢ ❵ ❣ ③ ❘ ❙ ❱ ❳ ❯ P ⑤ ❳ ③ ❙ ❯ ❯ P ❙ ❞ ❩ ④ ❚ ③ ❩ P ② ① q ♣ ❥ ✐ ❤ ✇ ♣ q ❝ ❩ ❫ ❈ ❊ ❈ ❭ ❭ ❘ ❵ ❳ ❬ ❨ ❍ ❚ ❙ ❲ P ❳ ❲ ❯ ❚ ❱ ❙ ❯ ❴ ❜ ❙ ▲ ❊❋ ❝ ❫ ❧ ❵ ● ❍ ■ ❢ ✐ ❤ ❏ ❍ ▼ ❤ ❴ ❣ ❞ ❵ ❝ ❫ ◆ ❢ ❚ Binary Compact Object Inspiral ❇❉❈ ❏✆❑ ❱❪❭ ❖◗P detection bias against massive binaries due to inspiral template uncertainties > ✐❦❥ ♠♦♥ ❴❛❵ ❝❡❞ detection bias against precessing binaries, if precession modulation is not included in templates > ♠✆s ♠✆✈ ❝❡❞ ❴❛❵
➙ ➩ ➓ ➨ ➑ ➓ ➣ ➫ ➐ ➑ ➒ ➐ ➣ ➔ ➑ ➒ ➣ ➧ ➑ ➒ ➧ ➣ ➓ ➣ ➨ ➐ ➙ ➤ ➒ ➐ ➨ ➳ ➐ ➮ ➒ ➣ ➭ ➓ ↔ ➯ ➠ ➬ ➷ ➘ ➽ ➶ ➠ ➪ ➽ ➠ ➼ ➺➻ ➤ ➦➧ ❻ ⑧ ➇ ⑧ ⑩ ➆ ❹ ❻ ➃ ➂ ❹ ❾ ➂ ❹ ➁ ❾ ➁ ❺ ➀ ❸❿ ❼ ➉ ➊➋ ➐➒ ⑩ ➞ ➝ ➛➜ ➙ ❶ ➣ ➑ ➣ ❷ ➑ ➐➑ ❸ ➏ ➎ ➊➋ ➍ ➌ short-period binaries Stellar Populations formed in Clusters ➹➴➘ ➳➸➵ ➾➅➚ ➭➲➯ ❺➈➇ ➃➅➄ ❻❽❼ ❻❽❼ ➓↕↔ BH – BH ➢➥➤ ➓→➔ ➟➡➠ ⑦⑨⑧
✢ ï ð õ ✠ ÿ î ð ô ô ê ù ì ✝ ë ö � ê ì ✡ ê ê ë ö ð õ î ô õ ➱ ö ð í ö ì ê ù ù ï ô ð è õ ö ✁ ☎ ✂ ✆ ï ù ï î ì ó î ó ✙ ✔ ✥ ✕ ✦ ✔ ✥ ✙ ✢ ✜ ✤ ✜ ✥ ✚ ✩ ✦ ✔ ✢ ✖ ✗ ✦ ✩ ✦ ✥ ✤ ✤ ✙ ê ö ï ë é ø ð ö ì ì ú õ ê ✍ ✘ ✏ ✒ ☞ ✓ ✔ ✕ ✕ ✖ ✗ ✔ ✕ ì ë � ë ä ç è é êë ì è í ï ì ð Üå í ñ ò î ð ó è ì êôõ ï æ á ð Ô ❐ Ð Ñ Ò Ó Ò ❐ Ô Ð Õ Ö Ú × ❮ ✃ Ò × Ø Ü ß Ý â ô ë ô ä æ ä Ú ø Üå æ ä âý þ ã æ ç â ÿ ö õ ï î ê é è ö ì ô Üü á ã ê ö ö ô ï ì ù ù ì ú êû ö ì ö ö ð Ü GW Source Locations ì÷ö ✝✟✞ ✛★✧ è✆ð ã➲ä ✛✜✣✢ ❮Ï❰ ß➸á è✆ð è✆ð ✃❒❐ ê ✄✂ Ý✏à è✆î Ý♦Þ ÙÛÚ ÙÛÚ ✎✑✏ ☛✌☞
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